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Viscosity Experiment+Audio Recording

The document describes an experiment to determine the viscosity coefficient of a fluid using Stokes' law. It explains that viscosity offers resistance to flow and is measured by determining the velocity of falling spheres in a liquid, with higher viscosity liquids causing slower falls. The theory section outlines the three main forces acting on a falling sphere - weight, buoyant force, and viscous drag - and shows how balancing these forces allows calculating the viscosity coefficient.

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84 views15 pages

Viscosity Experiment+Audio Recording

The document describes an experiment to determine the viscosity coefficient of a fluid using Stokes' law. It explains that viscosity offers resistance to flow and is measured by determining the velocity of falling spheres in a liquid, with higher viscosity liquids causing slower falls. The theory section outlines the three main forces acting on a falling sphere - weight, buoyant force, and viscous drag - and shows how balancing these forces allows calculating the viscosity coefficient.

Uploaded by

Fay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General

Physics Laboratoy
(1)

PHYS( 101T)
Viscosity

Physics 101 Lab Coordinator


Objec&ve
• Find the viscosity coefficient (𝜂) of a fluid by stocks' law.

Why does the velocity of the


three iden0cal marbles varys
when they fall in the three
liquids?
Theory
• Viscosity is an internal property of a fluid that offers
resistance to flow
• There are many ways to measure viscosity; one of them
involves determining the velocity of the falling sphere.
• The faster the sphere falls, the lower the viscosity.
• If the fluid has a high viscosity, the ball falls slowly.
• If the fluid has a low viscosity, the ball falls faster.

• Fig.1 shows the various forces acting on the sphere falling


in a liquid:
There are 3 main forces acting on the sphere falling in a
liquid:
1) Weight of the sphere (𝑊), acting downwards

Where m= sphere mass, V= Volume of the Sphere, r= sphere density

2) Up thrust or buoyant force (𝐹T ),acting upwards


• equal to the weight of the displaced liquid

Where s = liquid density , r= sphere radius


3) Viscous force (Fv), acting upwards (opposing motion of the
sphere)
Where 𝜂 = viscosity coefficient , v= velocity of the sphere.
• As the sphere falls in fig.2, its velocity and the viscous drag
increase due to gravity.
• There comes a stage when all the three forces balance each
other i.e. the net forces acting on the sphere is zero.

• When these conditions are achieved, the sphere starts moving


with a constant velocity: In the balance case:
• By using the equations that describe the three forces, we can write this equation:

• Thus, we can write the equation of viscosity coeficient 𝜼:


(*)

The Unit of 𝜂 is Poise


1 poise = 1𝑔. 𝑐𝑚"#. 𝑆 "#. (cgs units)
Homework:
• Try to answer the following question:

In Viscosity experiment, If the radius of the sphere is 0.175 cm, and


the velocity of ball is 1.3 cm/sec, what is the value of viscosity
coefficient? ( sphere density = 7.86 gm/cm3, liquid density = 1.26
gm/cm3, g=980 cm/sec2).
Tools
• Small balls
• Stop watch
• Fluid with unknown viscosity
• Meter s?ck
• Micrometer
How to use the micrometer?

$%&'()* +*,-&./
Diameter = The Sleeve reading + ( )
#00
0
= 15.5 + (#00)
= 15.5 mm
Try to practice reading the diameters here

12
1. d= 2.5 + ( #00 )
= 2.88 mm

2. d= ………………. mm
3. d=……………………. mm

4.

d=……………………. mm
To practice using the micrometer virtualy click/google the following
link below:
• https://iwant2study.org/lookangejss/01_measurement/ejss_model_
Micrometer02/Micrometer02_Simulation.xhtml
Experiment
• Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram (fig. 2).
• Use a micrometer to measure the diameter of your
ball.
• (mark a starFng line= X and an ending line=Y)
• Drop a ball in to the liquid and measure the Fme
which the ball taking to fall from X to Y.
• Measure the length between X and Y, and hence
determine the velocity of the ball.
• Repeat the previous procedures for all the balls.
• From equaFon (*), find the viscosity coefficient of the
liquid.
Results:
1. The distance between X and Y= .................... cm Sphere
2. Sphere density (r) = 7.86 gm/cm3
3. Liquid density (s) = 1.26 gm/cm3
4. Gravity (g) = 980 cm/sec2
The Experiment Video here

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