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BANSAL CLASSES

MATHEMATICS
TARGET IIT JEE 2007
XI (P, Q, R, S)

TRIGONOMETRIC
EQUATIONS AND INEQUATIONS
Trigonometry Phase-H

CONTENTS
KEYCONCEPTS
EXERCISE-I
EXERCISE-II
EXERCISE-III
ANSWER KEY
 KEY CONCEPTS
THINGS TO REMEMBER :
it n
1. If sinG = sina => G = n7t + (~l) n a where a e ,ne I .
2'2
2. If cos0 = cosa => 9 = 2n% ± a where a e [0, Tt], n e I
3. If tanG = tana => G = nTt + a where a e -— — , n e I .
I 2'2J
4. If sin2G = sin 2 a=> G = nTt ± a .
5. cos2G = cos 2 a => G = nTt ± a .
6. tan2G = tan 2 a => 9 = nTt ± a . [Note: a is called the principal angle]
7. TYPES OF TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS :
(a) Solutions of equations by factorising. Consider the equation ;
(2 sinx - cosx) (1 + cosx) = sin2x ; cotx - cosx = 1 - cotx cosx
(b) Solutions of equations reducible to quadratic equations . Consider the equation :
3 cos 2 x- 10 cosx+ 3 = 0 and 2 shfo + -Js sinx + 1 = 0
(c) Solving equations by introducing an Auxilliary argument. Consider the equation :
sinx + cosx = ^[2 ; V3 cosx + sinx = 2 ; secx- 1 =(V2 - l)tanx
(d) Solving equations by Transforming a sum of Trigonometric functions into a product.
Consider the example : cos 3 x + sin 2 x - sin 4 x = 0 ;
sin2x + sin22x + sin23x + sin24x = 2; sinx + sin5x = sin2x + sin4x
(e) Solving equations by transforming a product of trigonometric functions into a sum.
Consider the equation :
sin 6x . . .
sin5x. cos3x= sin6x.cos2x ; 8cosxcos2xcos4x = —: : sin3G = 4sinG sin2G sin4G
sin x
(f) Solving equations by a change of variable :
(i) Equations of the form of a. sinx + b. cosx + d = 0, where a, b & d are real
numbers & a, b ^ 0 can be solved by changing sinx& cos x into their corresponding
tangent of half the angle. Consider the equation 3 cosx + 4 sinx = 5.
(ii) Many equations can be solved by introducing a new variable. eg. the equation
sin4 2x + cos4 2x = sin 2x. cos 2x changes to

2(y+l) =0 by substituting, sin2x. cos2x = y.

(g) Solving equations with the use of the Boundness of the functions sinx& cosx or by
making two perfect squares. Consider the equations:
\ /• „ \
sinx | cos— - 2sinx + 1+sin—-2cosx .cosx = 0 ;
4 4
4 11
sin2x + 2tan2x + ~~r=
"7= tanx - sinx + — = 0
V3 12
TRIGONOMETRIC INEQUALITIES: There is no general rule to solve a Trigonometric inequations
and the same rules of algebra are valid except the domain and range of trigonometric functions should be
kept in mind.
< xV • f O < 0 ; V5-2sin2x > 6 s i n x - l
Consider the examples: log2 sin — < - t1 : sin x cos x +
2 V

faBansal Classes Trig.-II [2]

 EXERCISE-I

Q 1. Solve : 2 + 7 tan2 0 = 3.25 sec2 6 (0° < 6 < 360°).

Q 2. Solve : tanQ + secQ = S for values of 9 between 0° & 360°.

Q 3. Find all the values of 0 satisfying the equation ; sin9 + sin59 = sin3 9 such that0< 9 < TC.
Q 4. Solve the inequality: tan2 x - (V3 + l)tan x + V3 < 0

Q.5 cos2x + cos2 2x + cos2 3x= 1.

Q 6. Find all value of 9, between 0 & it, which satisfy the equation ; cos 9 . cos2 9 . cos 3 9 = 1/4.

Q 7. Find the general solution of the trigonometric equation

•^/l6cos 4 x-8cos 2 x + l + ^/l6cos 4 x-24cos 2 x + 9 = 2.

Q 8. Solve for x , the equation j 13 - 18tanx = 6 tan x - 3 , where -2it<x<2it .

Q 9. If a & p are two distinct roots of the equation, a tan 9 + b sec 9 = c then prove that :
tan(a + P ) = - ^ T .
a - c
Q 10. Find the principal solution of the trigonometric equation

Jcot3x + sin2 x-— + Jv J 3 cosx + s i n x - 2 = sin — - —

' V 4 2 2

Q l l . Determine the smallest positive value of x which satisfy the equation,

v 1 + Sin2x - V2 cos3x = 0 .

Q 12. 2 sin |^3x + ^J = + 8 sin2x . cos2 2x

Q 13. Given that A,B are positive acute angle, solve :

Js sin2A= sin2B & S sin2A+ sin2B =

2

Q 14. Solve : sin5x = cos2x for all values of x between 0°& 180° .

Q 15. Find all values of 9 between 0°& 180° satisfying the equation ;
cos 69 + cos 49 + cos 29 + 1 = 0 .

Q 16. If a & P satisfy the equation, acos29 + bsin29 = c then prove that : cos2 a + cos2 P = d - + 2 dt ' i ^ b .
& 4" b

Q 17. Find all values of 9 lying between 0&2TC satisfying the equations :
r sin9 = & r + 4 sin9 = 2 ( S +1).

<!%Bansal Classes Trig.-4-II [3]

Q 18. Find the value of 9 , which satisfy 3 - 2 c o s 6 - 4 sin 6 - c o s 26 + sin2 6 = 0.

Q 19. Solve the inequality: sin3x < sinx.

Q 20. Solve for x, ( - TC <x < TC) the equation; 2 (cosx + cos2x) + sin2x (1 + 2 cos x) - 2 sin x.

Q 21. Find the range of y such that the equation, y + cos x = sin x has a real solution. For y = 1, find
x such that 0 < x < 2 TC .

Q22. Find the general values of8 for which the quadratic function
' cos6 + sin8 . „
(sin6)x2 + (2cos0)x + — is the square of a linear function.

Q 23. If sin A= sinB & cosA= cosB, find the values of A in terms of B.

Q 24. Solve the equation : (1 - tanG) (1 + sin26) = 1 + tanG.

Q25. Find the general solution of sec48-sec28 = 2.

EXERCISE-II
V3
Q 1, Solve the equation — sinx - c o s x = cos2x.

Q 2. cos3x. cos3x + sin3x. sin3x = 0.

Q3. Find all the solutions of, 4cos 2 x sinx-2sin 2 x = 3 sinx.

Q4, If a & p are the roots ofthe equation, a cos 6 + bsin8 = c then prove that :
2b c c2 — a2
(i) sina + sin P = — (ii) sin a . sin P =
a +b ' a2+b2

(w111) tan — + tan - = w(iv) tan— . t a n - =

2 2 a+c 2 2 c +a
Q 5. Find the least positive angle measured in degrees satisfying the equation
sin3x + sin32x + sin33x = (sinx + sin2x + sin3x)3.
Q 6. Find the general solution of the following equation:
2 (sinx - cos 2x) - sin 2x (1 + 2 sinx) + 2 cos x = 0.

Q 7. Solve the inequality sin2x > 42 sin2x + (2 - V2 ) cos2x.

Q 8. Find the values of x, between 0 & s a t i s f y i n g the equation;

3x x
cos3x + cos2x= sin-— +skiT-.
2 2

Q 9. Solve for x : sin3a = 4 sin a sin (x + a ) s i n ( x - a ) where a is a constant * nu.

Q 10. Solve : cos (TC . 3*) - 2 cos2 (TC . 3X) + 2 cos (4 TC . 3X) - cos (7 TC . 3X)
= sin(7t. 3*) + 2 sin2(TC . 3X) - 2 sin(4TC. 3*) + 2 sin(Tt. 3* +! ) - sin(7TC. 3X)

faBansal Classes Trig.-(f>-II [4]

Q 11. Find the set of values of'a' for which the equation, sin 4 x+cos 4 x + sin2:x + a = 0 possesses solutions.
Alsofindthe general solution for these values of 'a'.

Q 12. Solve : tan2 2x + cot2 2x + 2 tan 2x + 2 cot 2x = 6.

Q 13. Solve the equation : 1 +2cosecx= •

3
Q 14. sin4x + cos 4 x-2sin 2 x + - sin22x = 0.

Q 15. Solve : tan2 x . tan2 3x . tan 4x = tan2 x - tan2 3x + tan Ax.

29
Q 16. Solve : sin10* + cos10* = — cos4 2x.
16
Q 17. Find the set of values of x satisfying the equality
f m\ 3 2cos7x eos2x
-cos fX + —
> z
sin X — 1 and the inequality cos3+sin3
I 4J ^ 4J
Q 18. Find the sum of all the roots of the equation, sin Vx = - 1 , which are less than 100 n 2 . Also Find the
sum of the square roots of these roots. Now, can we conclude that all the roots cos Vx = 0 are also the
roots of sinVx = - 1 ? Justify your answer.

' V R
Q 19. Solve : sin + COS = V2 sinVx.
V / v2j

. , 1 1 • n, • . 2x +1 . 2x +1 „ 7, 2x +1
Q 20. Find the general solution of the equation, sin—-— + sin—;:—
3x - 3 cos —3x
— = 0.

Q 21. Let S be the set of all those solutions of the equation,

(1 + k)cos x cos (2x - a) = (1 + k cos 2x) cos(x - a) which are independent of k & a. Let H be the
set of all such solutions which are dependent on k & a. Find the condition on k & a such that H is a non-
empty set, state S. If a subset of H is (0, tz) in which k = 0, then find all the permissible values of a.

Q 22. Solve the equation ; sin5x= 16 sin5x.

xcos3y + 3xcosy sin2y = 14

Q23. Solve for x & y , . , 2 - 1 ,
xsin3 y + 3xcos y siny = 13

Q 24. Solve the equation : c o t x - 2 sin2x= 1.

Q 25. Find all values of'a' for which every root of the equation,
acos2x+ | a | cos4x + cos6x= 1 is also a root of the equation,

sinx cos2x = sin2x cos3x sin5x, and conversely, every root of the second equation is also
a root of the first equation.

Bansal Classes Trig.-j-II [5]

 EXERCISE-III
Q. 1 Find all values of 8 in the interval f - - | , satisfying the equation ;
(1 - t a n 8 ) ( l + tan 8) sec2 8 + 2tenS 6 = 0. [JEE'96,2]

Q.2 The number of values of x in the interval [0, 5K] satisfying the equation
3 sin2x - 7 sinx + 2 = 0 is
(A) 0 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 10 [JEE'98'2]

Q. 3 Find the general values ofx and y satisfying the equations

5 sinx cosy = 1, 4 tanx = tany [REE '98,6]

Q.4 Find real values of x for which, 27 cos2x . 8 l sin2x is minimum. Alsofindthis minimum value.
[REE 2000,3]

Q.5 Solve the following system of equations for x and y [REE'2001(mains), 3]

2 2
5 (cosec x-3sec y) _ 2 (2cosecx + V3jsecyj) _ 6 4

Q.6 The number of integral values of k for which the equation 7cosx + 5sinx = 2k + 1 has a solution is
(A) 4 (B) 8 (C)10 (D) 12
[JEE 2002 (Screening), 3]

Q.7 . cos(a-{3) = 1 and cos(a + (B) = 1/e, where a, (3 e [-11,11], numbers of pairs of a, P which satisfy both
the equations is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D)4
[JEE 2005 (Screening)]

faBansal Classes Trig.-j-II

 ANSWERKEY
EXERCISE-I
Q 1. 30°,150°,210°,330° Q 2. 0 = 30°
- - 71 71 271 57t D
7t TC
0 4. n7i + — < x < n 7 i + — ; n s l
4 3
Q 5. x = (2n + l ) ^ ; x = (2n + l ) - | ,x = nn± •-.• , n e l

71 7T 37t 5n 2% 1% .
y
i W T ' T T
71 7C 271 57t
Q 7. x e n7t+— , n7t + — n7i + — , n7t + — n e l
6 3 3 6

Q 8. a - 2 7t ; a - 7t, A, a + TC , where tan a = ~

Q 10. x = TC/6 only Q l l . x = 7t/16

Q 12. x= 2n7t +— or 2n7t ;nel Q 13. A= 15°,B = 30°

12 12
90° 450° 810° 15QO 1170° Q 15. 30°,45°,90°,135°,150°
Q 14. — , 3 0 ° ,
7 7 7
_ jc it 2 it 5%
Q 1 7 Q 18. 0 = 2n7t or 2 n 7 t + - ; n e l
-6'7'T'T
_ f 71 371 \ z' 571
Q 19. x e 2n7t+—,2n7t + — u 2tm —, 2n7i u 2n7r + 7t,2n7T + ;ne I
V 4 4 4

71
Q21. -V2 £y<V2 ; ~,7t Q 22. 2n7t+- or (2n+l)7t - tan-*2, ns I

Q 23. A=2n7t + B Q 24. n7t or nit —

„ _ _ „ 2n7l 71 _ 7t
Q25. 0 = — ± — or 2n7t± - n e l

EXER CISE-II
Q 1. x = 2n7t±7t or2n7t + - n e l
3
Q 3. nn ; tin + (-l) n ^ or rnt + (-l) n (-—) Q 5. 72c

Q6. x = 2n7t or x = n7t + (-l) n or x = n7t + (-l) n ^

7t % „ „ 7t 5x 719it 13 it
0v 7. n7t+— <x<n7t+ — V "T Q 9. nic±
8 4 7 > 7— > 7> 7> Z

feBansal Classes Trig.-<f>- II m

Q 10. x = l o g 3 ( f 4 j , k e N ; x = log 3 (j) , n e N ; x = l o g 3 Q + | j ,meNu{0}

3 1
Q 11. j [nir + (-l) n sin"1 (l - V2a+I) where n e l and a e 2 ' 2

TC N%
Q 12. x = — + (~l) n —
-8 or ——
4 + (-l)
n+1
— Q 13. x = 2n7t -

Q 14. n7c± \ cos"1 (2 - V5) Q 15. <2n + *> n , kn , where n, k e I

4
^ n7t k 3tc
T
Q 16. x= — + — , n e I Q 17. x = 2mt + — , n e l
4 8
765
Q 18. . All the roots of cos Vx = 0 are not the same as those of sinVx = -1
4 2

7t\ 2 4m7i 71V

Q 19. x - | 4n7t + —^ or x = +- where m, n € W.
3 2

Q 20. x = or where n e l
6nn + 3.7c - 4 3n7t + 3(-l) n sin-1 J - 2
Q 21. (i) | k sin a | < 1 (ii) S = n 71, n e I (iii) a e ( - m7i , 2 7t - m 7i) m e I

Q 22. x = nTt or x = nn ± —
6

Q 23. x = ± 5^5 & y = nn + tan-1 |

Q24. x = | + or X = ^ + KTC Kel

Q 25. a = 0 or a < - 1

EXERCISE-III
Q.l Q.2 C
f i \
n m n m
Q.3 y = (n-m)— + (-l) — -(-l) — ;x = (m+n)-+ ( - l ) - + ( - l ) - wherea = sin"V -V , m, nel
2 4 2 2 4 2

Q.4 Min. value = 3 ~5 for x=(4n+1)^ - ^tan 1 ^-,neI;max.value=3 5 forx=(4n-l)^ - ^tan ^ n e l ]

% 71
Q.5 x = mr + (-1 )n — and y = mrc + — where m & n are integers. Q.6B
6 6
Q.7 D

feBansal Classes Trig.-<f>- II m