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Experiment No. 6 Bus Bar Model: Objective

The document describes an experiment on a bus bar model. It explains that bus bars are thick metal strips or bars used in power plants and distribution centers to transmit high amounts of power, as cables would be too thick. The experiment involves connecting a circuit according to a diagram using a single breaker scheme and then a duplicate bus bar scheme. Observations are made about interruptions in the single scheme. The conclusion discusses that bus bars act as connection points and must be rigid to support weight and vibrations. Questions are asked about differentiating bus bars and transmission lines, describing bus bar protection schemes, and attaching bus bars of different voltages.

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Mian Tauseef
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63 views3 pages

Experiment No. 6 Bus Bar Model: Objective

The document describes an experiment on a bus bar model. It explains that bus bars are thick metal strips or bars used in power plants and distribution centers to transmit high amounts of power, as cables would be too thick. The experiment involves connecting a circuit according to a diagram using a single breaker scheme and then a duplicate bus bar scheme. Observations are made about interruptions in the single scheme. The conclusion discusses that bus bars act as connection points and must be rigid to support weight and vibrations. Questions are asked about differentiating bus bars and transmission lines, describing bus bar protection schemes, and attaching bus bars of different voltages.

Uploaded by

Mian Tauseef
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment no.

6 Power System

Experiment no. 6
Bus Bar Model
Objective:
To understand the operation of bus bar model
Theory:
Electricity is usually sent over wires, which are electrically conductive metal. Wire is
convenient, because you can put insulation on it and bend it around corners, move it around,
string it between power poles, that sort of thing.
However, sometimes wire isn’t the best option. Sometimes it would be easier if you used a
solid conductor instead of wire. A really great example of this is a “welding table”: this just a
table made out of a big slab of steel (which conducts electricity.) Welding tables are usually
grounded, so that any metal part which is placed on the table also becomes grounded. This
allows you to weld on anything placed on the table without needing to attach a separate
grounding cable.
Back to bus bars: in a power plant or power distribution center, sometimes you’re handling so
much power that cables aren’t convenient. You might need a cable as thick as a firehose and
six times as heavy to carry the current. In those cases, instead of using cable, we can just use
slabs of metal instead. Those slabs of metal are called bus bars.
Bus –Bar Model:
In electric power distribution, a bus bar (also bus bar) is a metallic strip or bar, typically
housed inside switchgear, panel boards,
and bus way enclosures for local high
current power distribution. They are also
used to connect high voltage equipment at
electrical switchyards, and low voltage
equipment in battery banks. They are
generally un insulated, and have sufficient
stiffness to be supported in air by insulated
pillars. These features allow sufficient
cooling of the conductors, and the ability to
tap in at various points without creating a
new joint.
Figure 6.1:Bus Bar Model

Procedure:
 I connected the circuit according to the circuit diagram.
 First I connected the circuit with single breaker scheme with interruption scheme.
 I observed that in this scheme there is a interruption in this scheme
 Then I connected the circuit in duplicate bus bar scheme.

Maham Rasheed Page 27


Roll no. 16-ELE-03
Experiment no.6 Power System

Figure 6.2:Circuit Diagram of Bus Bar Model

Conclusion:
Bus bar is considered as one of the most vital electrical element in electrical power
generating stations and substations
 A bus bar must be sufficiently rigid to support its own weight, as well as forces
imposed by mechanical vibration and possibly earthquakes, as well as accumulated
precipitation in outdoor exposures.
  Bus bar (also spelled bus bar, or sometimes as buss bar or bus bar, is a strip or bar
of copper, brass or aluminum that conducts electricity with in
a switchboard, distribution board, substation, battery bank, or other electrical
apparatus. Capacitors have the opposite effect and can compensate for the inductive
motor windings. Some industrial sites will have large banks of capacitors strictly for
the purpose of correcting the power factor back toward one to save on utility
company charges
 Single Bus System is simplest and cheapest one. In this scheme all the feeders and
transformer bay are connected to only one single bus
 Bus bars acts as nodal point in the substation which connects different incoming and
outgoing circuits
Questions:
Q#1: Differentiate between a bus bar and transmission line?
Ans: Bus bar : In electric power distribution, a busbar is a metallic strip or bar, typically
housed inside switchgear, panel boards, and busway enclosures for local high current power
distribution. They are also used to connect high voltage equipment at electrical switchyards,
and low voltage equipment in battery banks. 
Transmission Line: In communications and electronic engineering, a transmission line is a
specialized cable or other structure designed to conduct alternating current of radio
frequency, that is, currents with a frequency high enough that their wave nature must be taken
into account

Maham Rasheed Page 28


Roll no. 16-ELE-03
Experiment no.6 Power System

Q#2:Describe the different protection schemes associated with the bus bar?
Ans: In a distribution busbar system traditionally when a fault occurs it was cleared by time
delay protection upstream relays. With the introduction of numerical technology a
simple protection scheme such as busbar blocking scheme can be applied to protect a
distribution system with a single source
Q#3: Describe the procedure for the attachments of two bus bar operating at different
voltages?
Ans: the once common plated copper bus bar is no longer what you're likely to encounter.
The newer bare bus is not as forgiving as the old plated copper bus. The old assembly
techniques are inadequate for ensuring a good connection using today's bus bar. So, an
experienced electrician who "does the job right" still may not make a good connection
because of additional requirements that didn't exist back when bus had the heavy copper
plating.
Q#4: Differentiate between the bus bar model in air insulated substations and gas
insulated substations?
Ans: Bus bar model in air insulated substations: Substations with air-
insulated switchgear (AIS) are favorably priced high-voltage substations for rated voltages of
up to 800 kV. Siemens is an integrated provider of high-voltage systems for more than 80
years and also supplies particularly space-saving, compact and even portable air-
insulated switchgear solutions.
Gas insulated substations: A gas insulated substation (GIS) is a high voltage substation in
which the major structures are contained in a sealed environment with sulfur
hexafluoride gas as the insulating medium.

Maham Rasheed Page 29


Roll no. 16-ELE-03

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