MySQL 8.

0 Architecture and
Enhancements

Lalit Choudhary
Bug Analyst at Percona

1 ●© 2018 Percona
 Agenda

● MySQL 8.0 Architecture

➢ In-Memory Structure
➢ On-Disk Structure

● MySQL 8.0 Enhancement

➢ Data dictionary
➢ InnoDB
➢ Configuration and Logging
➢ Replication
➢ Security

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 MySQL 8.0 Architecture
Source

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 Buffer Pool [In-Memory]

● Caches table and index data as it is

accessed.

● Permits frequently used data to be

processed directly from memory.

● Configuration variable:
Innodb_buffer_pool_size

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 Buffer Pool [In-Memory]
● Monitoring the Buffer Pool:
○ SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS;
○ INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS

● Configuration to improve Performance:

○ InnoDB Buffer Pool Size
○ Multiple Buffer Pool Instances
○ InnoDB Buffer Pool Flushing

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 Change Buffer [In-Memory]

● Caches changes to secondary index 3

pages.

● Configuration variable:
1
innodb_change_buffering
innodb_change_buffer_max_size

● Monitoring the Buffer Pool:

2
SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS\G
INSERT BUFFER AND ADAPTIVE HASH INDEX

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 Adaptive Hash Index [In-Memory]

● Act like in-memory database on systems.

● Configuration variable:
Innodb_adaptive_hash_index
innodb_adaptive_hash_index_parts

● Monitoring the Buffer Pool:

SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS\G ----> “SEMAPHORES”

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 Log Buffer [In-Memory]

● Configuration variable:
● Buffer for redo logs.
innodb_log_buffer_size
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit

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 Tablespace [On-Disk]

Example:

innodb_data_file_path =
/data/ibdata1:1G;/data/ibdata2:500M:autoextend

Example:
CREATE TABLESPACE `ts1` ADD DATAFILE 'ts1.ibd'
Engine=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 int PRIMARY KEY)

TABLESPACE ts1 Engine=InnoDB;
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 On-Disk Structure [On-Disk]
server-uuid=b0d8f682-4c09-11e9-b6ac-38dead00d7d2
Binlog: By default Enable in MySQL 8.0

Log Buffer
System tablespace
Default Redo logs
Global Temporary Tablespace
Session Temporary Tablespace

Tablespace for data dictionary tables.

Default Undo Tablespace

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0
 Undo Tablespace & Logs [On-Disk]
● Undo tablespaces contain undo logs

● Automated and Manual truncation

● Add/Drop Undo Tablespaces at runtime

[MySQL 8.0.14] Innodb_undo_directory
Innodb_undo_log_truncate
Example:
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE undo03 ADD DATAFILE
'undo03.ibu';
Tables:
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_TABLESPACES

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 Temporary Tablespace [On-Disk]

● Global temporary tablespace

User-created temporary tables

● session temporary innodb_temp_data_file_path

tablespaces
innodb_temp_tablespaces_dir
- User-created temporary tables.
- Internal temporary tables created by the
optimizer.

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 Enhancement [MySQL 8.0]

● Data dictionary

● INNODB Encryption

● Configuration Error Logging

● Replication

● Security
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 Data Dictionary [MySQL 8.0]

5.7 8.0
Metadata files Native data dictionary based on InnoDB.
.FRM, .PAR, .OPT, .TRN and .TRG files Transactional data dictionary.

SQL SQL

Data dictionary Data dictionary

.FRM, .PAR, .OPT, .TRN and .TRG File System

files DD Tables

System Tables [mysql.*] MyISAM

Innodb system tables InnoDB

InnoDB
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MySQL 8.0 Data-at-rest encryption
● Each individual tablespace has its own encryption key
● Each tablespace key is encrypted by the Global Master Key
● Each time a tablespace is moved a new key is generated. This is called
a transfer key.

Tablespace Key Tablespace Key Tablespace Key Tablespace Key

●© 2018 Percona
 InnoDB Encryption [MySQL 8.0]

● File-Per-Table Tablespace [ Introduced in 5.7]

● System Tablespaces (ibdata)

ALTER TABLESPACE mysql ENCRYPTION = 'Y/N';

● General Tablespaces
CREATE/ALTER …. ENCRYPTION = 'Y/N';

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 InnoDB Encryption [MySQL 8.0]

● UNDO Tablespaces [ innodb_undo_log_encrypt

● REDO Log [ innodb_redo_log_encrypt conf ]

● Binary Log Files and Relay Log Files [ binlog_encryption]

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 Configuration and Logging [MySQL 8.0]

● Persisted System Variables

set persist innodb_redo_log_encrypt=ON

set persist innodb_undo_log_encrypt=ON;

set persist binlog_encryption=ON;

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 Logging in MySQL 8.0

● Defaults change: log_error_verbosity=2

● Suppress error logs of type warning or note

Configuration:
[mysqld]
log_error_verbosity=2 # error and warning messages only
log_error_suppression_list='ER_PARSER_TRACE,MY-010001,10002'

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 Replication [MySQL 8.0]

● Multi-source Replication Per Channel

Filters M1 M2 M3

Channel_1 Channel_2 Channel_3

Example:
CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER
REPLICATE_DO_DB=(db1) FOR CHANNEL
channel_1;

Slave
● --replicate-do-db=channel_1:db1

● --replicate-ignore-db=channel_1:db2
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 Security [MySQL 8.0]

● SQL Roles : It is a collection of privileges

Users
Roles + Privileges
dba_access ALL

CREATE, DROP,
SELECT,INSERT,
dev_access UPDATE,DELETE

SELECT,INSERT,
app_access UPDATE,DELETE

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 Security [MySQL 8.0]

● Automatic assignment and granting of default roles when new users are
created [ mandatory_roles]

● Password rotation policy enforcement [default_password_lifetime]

● Old password required for SET PASSWORD for some users

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 Security [MySQL 8.0]

● Password rotation policy enforcement [default_password_lifetime]

● Old password required for SET PASSWORD for some users

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 Percona Server: MySQL improved

●Patch (not fork) MySQL to

add:
▪ Enterprise features for free
(threadpool, PAM auth)
▪ Instrumentation
▪ Performance/scalability
▪ Selected new features

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 What’s the deal with all those forks?

●http://bit.ly/2Qq9czS

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References

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-tablespa
ce-encryption.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/roles.html

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