____ is a mathematical way of combining two signals to form a third signal.

Ans: CONVOLUTION

The sampling rate fs must be chosen to be at____(two words) the maximum frequency fmax.

Ans: LEAST TWICE

For 0.5x(2n).

X (-1) = 3

X (0) = 0

X (1) = 3

X (2) = 2

X (3) = 3

An analog electrocardiogram (ECG) signal contains useful frequencies up to 155 Hz.

What is the Nyquist rate for this signal?

fw=2fa=2(155)

fw= 310 Hz

Continuous-time sinusoidal signals with distinct frequencies are themselves distinct.

TRUE

Continuous-time sinusoids whose frequencies are separated by an integer multiple of 2pi are identical.

FALSE
A digital communication link carries binary-coded words representing samples of an input signal

The link is operated at 10,000 bits/s and each input sample is quantized into 512 different voltage levels.

What is the Nyquist rate for the signal xa(t)?

1000

The process of converting a continuous-valued signal into a discrete-valued signal called___ is basically an
approximation process.

QUANTIZATION

If we loose information during sampling we cannot recover it.

True

The___sequence as the running sum of the unit impulse.

UNIT STEP

An analog electrocardiogram (ECG) signal contains useful frequencies up to 400 Hz. Suppose that we
sample this signal at a rate of 1000 samples/s. What is the highest frequency that can be represented
uniquely at this sampling rate?

0.0004
A digital communication link carries binary-coded words representing samples of an input signal

The link is operated at 8000 bits/s and each input sample is quantized into 2048 different voltage levels.

What is the sampling frequency? 727.2727

What is the folding frequency? 363.6364

The ___ of a DAC is defined as the smallest observable change in the analog output that can be effected
by a single step change in the digital input.

RESOLUTION

The difference between the unquantized sample and the quantized output is called quantization.

FALSE

The conversion___ is determined by the time it takes to perform the conversion process

SPEED

The output of the A/D converter is a digital signal that is appropriate as an___ to the digital processor

INPUT

A system may also be defined as a physical device that ___ an operation on a signal.

PERFORMS

A system is ____ if it’s output at a given time is dependent only on the input at that same time.

MEMORYLESS

The___ function simply takes a value of one at n = 0 and a value of zero elsewhere.

UNIT SAMPLE
It results in the reflection of the signal along its vertical axis of reference.

TIME REFLECTION

Compute the fundamental period(N). for non-periodic the fundamental is 10000.

X(n) = 4sin(0.2pin)-2cos(0.4pin) +3cos(0.5pin)

20

Compute the fundamental frequency. for non-periodic, the fundamental value is 5000.

X(n) = sin (3n)

5000

Consider the simple signal processing system figure below. The sampling periods of the A/D and D/A
converters are T = 4ms and T' =2ms, respectively. Determine the output y(t) of the system, if the input is
x(t) = 3cos(100πt) + 2sin(350πt)

The post-filter removes any frequency component above FS/2. x(t) ----- > A/D (T) ----- > D/A ( T' ----- >
Postfilter ----- > y(t)

Example answer y(t)=2sin(50*pi*t)+3cos(500*pi*t) y(t)=3cos(200*pi*t)

ANSWER: y(t)=2sin(700*pi*t)+3cos(200*pi*t)

_____ is specified by the converter’s linearity.

ACCURACY

____ refers to the difference between a signal reconstructed from samples and the original samples and
the original continuous signal, when the resolution is too low,

ALIASING

The difference between the unquantized sample and the quantized output is called the quantization.

FALSE
For 3x(-n+2)

X(-2) = 12

X(0) = 18

X(1) = 6

X(3) = 12

The highest rate of oscillation in a discrete-time sinusoid is attained when w=2pi.

False

Determine the sinusoid is periodic or non-periodic: sin(7n/10+pi/2)

NON-PERIODIC
All measuring instruments that take measurements at a regular interval of___ provide discrete-time
signals.

TIME

____ is a transformation or operator that maps input sequence x[n] into an output sequence y[n]

DISCRETE-TIME SYSTEM

A ___ system is any system that obeys the properties of homogeneity) and superposition.

LINEAR

Compute the convolution y(n)= x(n)*h(n) of the following pairs of signals.

X(n)= {0.5 -2 4 1.5 1} with pointer at n = 2

H(n) = u(n+1)-u(n-4) with pointer n = 0

Y(n) = 0.5,-1.5,2.5,4.5,4.5,6.5,2.5

Total delay of samples is 9

____ compresses or increases a signal by multiplying the time variable by some quantity

TIME SCALING

Digital signal processing is a field of numerical mathematics that is concerned with the processing of
discrete signals.

TRUE

Sampling is the conversion of a discrete-time signal into a continuous-time signal obtained by taking
“samples” of the continuous-time signal at discrete-time instants.

FALSE

Increasing the frequency results in an increase in the rate of oscillation of the signal.

TRUE

Speech, electrocardiogram, and electroencephalogram signals are examples of information-bearing

SINGLE

The signal x(t) must be bandlimited, that is. Its frequency spectrum must be limited to contain frequencies
more than maximum frequency and no frequencies beyond that.

FALSE

A discrete – time sinusoid is periodic only if its frequent f is irrational number

FALSE
An analog signal xa(t) = sin(480pit)+3 sin(720pit) is sampled 600 times per second. Determine the folding
frequency

300

Alpha 0.25, 0.5

H(n) (-0.2(-1^n))u(n)+(1.2(4^n))u(n) or (-2(0.5^(n)+3(0.25)^(n))u(n)

Compute the fundamental frequency in Hz. For non-periodic, the fundamental value is

10000.

x(n) = cos(3nπ/8)
0.1875

Using the impulse response of the casual system:

Alpha -1,-4

Y(n) (-0.4(-1^n)+1.04(4^n)+4.8(4^n))u(n)