G11 Midterm 1 2021 [52 marks]

1. A horizontal force F acts on a sphere. A horizontal resistive force kv2 acts [1 mark]
on the sphere where v is the speed of the sphere and k is a constant. What is the
terminal velocity of the sphere?

A. √ Fk

B. k
F
C. F
k

D. √ Fk

Markscheme
D

2. A list of four physical quantities is [1 mark]

acceleration
energy
mass
temperature
How many scalar quantities are in this list?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Markscheme
C

8. 0 kg
3. An object of mass 8. 0 kg is falling vertically through the air. The drag [1 mark]
force acting on the object is 60 N. What is the best estimate of the acceleration of
the object?
A. Zero
B. 2. 5 m s−2
C. 7. 5 m s−2
D. 10 m s−2

Markscheme
B

4. Three forces act on a block which is sliding down a slope at constant [1 mark]
speed. W is the weight, R is the reaction force at the surface of the block
and F is the friction force acting on the block.

In this situation
A. there must be an unbalanced force down the plane.
B. W = R.
C. F = W .
D. the resultant force on the block is zero.

Markscheme
D

−1
5. A balloon rises at a steady vertical velocity of 10 m s−1 . An object is [1 mark]
dropped from the balloon at a height of 40 m above the ground. Air resistance is
negligible. What is the time taken for the object to hit the ground?
A. 10 s
B. 5 s
C. 4 s
D. 2 s

Markscheme
C

6. Which quantity has the fundamental SI units of kg m–1 s–2? [1 mark]

A. Energy
B. Force
C. Momentum
D. Pressure

Markscheme
D
7. An object is held in equilibrium by three forces of magnitude F, G and H [1 mark]
that act at a point in the same plane.

Three equations for these forces are

I. F cos θ = G
II. F = G cos θ + H sin θ
III. F = G + H
Which equations are correct?
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

Markscheme
A

8. A climber of mass m slides down a vertical rope with an average [1 mark]

acceleration a. What is the average frictional force exerted by the rope on
the climber?
A. mg
B. m (g + a)
C. m (g – a)
D. ma

Markscheme
C
9. A cube slides down the surface of a ramp at a constant velocity. What is [1 mark]
the magnitude of the frictional force that acts on the cube due to the
surface?
A. The weight of the cube
B. The component of weight of the cube parallel to the plane
C. The component of weight of the cube perpendicular to the plane
D. The component of the normal reaction at the surface parallel to the plane

Markscheme
B

10. An object is thrown from a cliff at an angle to the horizontal. The ground [1 mark]
below the cliff is horizontal.
Three quantities are known about this motion.
I. The horizontal component of the initial velocity of the object
II. The initial angle between the velocity of the object and the horizontal
III. The height of the cliff
What are the quantities that must be known in order to determine the horizontal
distance from the point of projection to the point at which the object hits the
ground?

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

Markscheme
D
11. A student wants to determine the angular speed ω of a rotating object. [1 mark]
The period T is 0.50 s ±5 %. The angular speed ω is

2π
ω=
T

What is the percentage uncertainty of ω?

A. 0.2 %
B. 2.5 %
C. 5 %
D. 10 %

Markscheme
C

12. A sky diver is falling at terminal speed when she opens her parachute. [1 mark]
What are the direction of her velocity vector and the direction of her
acceleration vector before she reaches the new terminal speed?

Markscheme
C

13. A stone is thrown downwards from the edge of a cliff with a speed of 5.0 [1 mark]
m s–1. It hits the ground 2.0 s later. What is the height of the cliff?
A. 20 m
B. 30 m
C. 40 m
D. 50 m
 Markscheme
B

14. A student measures the radius R of a circular plate to determine its area. [1 mark]
The absolute uncertainty in R is ΔR.
What is the fractional uncertainty in the area of the plate?
A. 2ΔR
R
2
B. ( ΔR
R
)

C. 2πR
ΔR

2
D. π( ΔR
R
)

Markscheme
A

15. The graph shows the variation of velocity of a body with time along a [1 mark]
straight line.

What is correct for this graph?

A. The maximum acceleration is at P.
B. The average acceleration of the body is given by the area enclosed by the
graph and time axis.
C. The maximum displacement is at Q.
D. The total displacement of the body is given by the area enclosed by the graph
and time axis.
 Markscheme
D

16. A student is verifying the equation [1 mark]

2λY
x=
z
The percentage uncertainties are:

What is the percentage uncertainty in x?

A. 5 %
B. 15 %
C. 25 %
D. 30 %

Markscheme
B

17. A stone falls from rest to the bottom of a water well of depth d. The time t [1 mark]
taken to fall is 2.0 ±0.2 s. The depth of the well is calculated to be 20 m
using d = 12 at 2. The uncertainty in a is negligible.
What is the absolute uncertainty in d?
A. ± 0.2 m
B. ± 1 m
C. ± 2 m
D. ± 4 m
 Markscheme
D

18. Which of the following is proportional to the net external force acting on a [1 mark]
body?
A. Speed
B. Velocity
C. Rate of change of speed
D. Rate of change of velocity

Markscheme
D

19. The graph shows the variation of the acceleration a of an object with time [1 mark]
t.

What is the change in speed of the object shown by the graph?

A. 0.5 m s–1
B. 2.0 m s–1
C. 36 m s–1
D. 72 m s–1

Markscheme
C
20. A sports car is accelerated from 0 to 100 km per hour in 3 s. What is the [1 mark]
acceleration of the car?
A. 0.1 g
B. 0.3 g
C. 0.9 g
D. 3 g

Markscheme
C

21. A projectile is fired horizontally from the top of a cliff. The projectile hits [1 mark]
the ground 4 s later at a distance of 2 km from the base of the cliff. What
is the height of the cliff?
A. 40 m
B. 80 m
C. 120 m
D. 160 m

Markscheme
B

22. A girl throws an object horizontally at time t = 0. Air resistance can be [1 mark]
ignored. At t = 0.50 s the object travels horizontally a distance x in
metres while it falls vertically through a distance y in metres.
What is the initial velocity of the object and the vertical distance fallen at t = 1.0
s?
 Markscheme
D

23. A ball is thrown upwards at an angle to the horizontal. Air resistance is [1 mark]
negligible. Which statement about the motion of the ball is correct?
A. The acceleration of the ball changes during its flight.
B. The velocity of the ball changes during its flight.
C. The acceleration of the ball is zero at the highest point.
D. The velocity of the ball is zero at the highest point.

Markscheme
B

24. A student throws a stone with velocity v at an angle θ to the vertical from [1 mark]
the surface of a lake. Air resistance can be ignored. The acceleration due
to gravity is g .

What is the time taken for the stone to hit the surface of the lake?
A. v sin θ
g
v cos θ
B. g
2v sin θ
C. g
2v cos θ
D. g

Markscheme
D
25. The horizontal component vh and the vertical component vv of velocity of [1 mark]
an object are shown on the graphs. Air resistance is negligible.

These graphs could represent the motion of an object fired from a cliff
A. vertically upwards.
B. at an angle above the horizontal.
C. horizontally.
D. at an angle below the horizontal.

Markscheme
B

26. Which statement applies to an object in translational equilibrium? [1 mark]

A. The object must be stationary.
B. The object must be moving with constant acceleration.
C. The resultant force acting on the object must be zero.
D. There must be no external forces acting on the object.

Markscheme
C
27. A student models the relationship between the pressure p of a gas and its [1 mark]
temperature T as p = x + yT.
The units of p are pascal and the units of T are kelvin. What are the fundamental
SI units of x and y?

Markscheme
A

28. A projectile is fired at an angle to the horizontal. Air resistance is [1 mark]

negligible. The path of the projectile is shown.

Which gives the magnitude of the horizontal component and the magnitude of
the vertical component of the velocity of the projectile between O and P?
 Markscheme
A

29. The graph shows the variation of speed v of an object with time t. [1 mark]

Which graph shows how the distance s travelled by the object varies with t?

Markscheme
B
30. Two blocks X and Y rest on a frictionless horizontal surface as shown. A [1 mark]
horizontal force is now applied to the larger block and the two blocks
move together with the same speed and acceleration.

Which free-body diagram shows the frictional forces between the two blocks?

Markscheme
A

Curling is a game played on a horizontal ice surface. A player pushes a large

smooth stone across the ice for several seconds and then releases it. The stone
moves until friction brings it to rest. The graph shows the variation of speed of the
stone with time.

The total distance travelled by the stone in 17.5 s is 29.8 m.

31a. Determine the coefficient of dynamic friction between the stone and the[3 marks]
ice during the last 14.0 s of the stone’s motion.
 Markscheme
ALTERNATIVE 1
«deceleration» = 3.41
14.0
«= 0.243 m s−2 »
F = 0.243 × m
0.243×m
μ= m×9.81
= 0.025
ALTERNATIVE 2
distance travelled after release = 23.85 «m»
KE lost = 5.81m «J»
KE lost 5.81m
μd = mg×distance
= 23.85mg
= 0.025
Award [3] for a bald correct answer.
Ignore sign in acceleration.
Allow ECF from (a) (note that μ = 0.0073 x candidate answer to (a) ).
Ignore any units in answer.
Condone omission of m in solution.
Allow g = 10 N kg–1 (gives 0.024).

31b. The diagram shows the stone during its motion after release. [3 marks]

Label the diagram to show the forces acting on the stone. Your answer should
include the name, the direction and point of application of each force.
Markscheme
normal force, upwards, ignore point of application
Force must be labeled for its mark to be awarded. Blob at poa not required.
Allow OWTTE for normal force. Allow N, R, reaction.
The vertical forces must lie within the middle third of the stone
weight/weight force/force of gravity, downwards, ignore point of application
Allow mg, W but not “gravity”.
Penalise gross deviations from vertical/horizontal once only
friction/resistive force, to left, at bottom of stone, point of application must be
on the interface between ice and stone
Allow F, μR. Only allow arrows/lines that lie on the interface. Take the tail of
the arrow as the definitive point of application and expect line to be drawn
horizontal.
Award [2 max] if any force arrow does not touch the stone
Do not award MP3 if a “driving force” is shown acting to the right. This need
not be labelled to disqualify the mark. Treat arrows labelled “air resistance” as
neutral.

N.B: Diagram in MS is drawn with the vertical forces not direction of travel
collinear for clarity
 This question is about the flow of liquids.
A student carries out an experiment to investigate how the rate of flow R of water
through a narrow tube varies with the pressure difference across the tube. The
pressure difference is proportional to the height h shown in the diagram. The
student measures h in cm with a metre ruler. R is obtained by measuring the
volume of water collected in a measuring cylinder in a time of 100s.

32a. State a suitable unit for R. [1 mark]

Markscheme
cm3 s–1 / mm3 s–1/ m3 s–1 / l s–1 / ml s–1
32b. The student enters the data on a spreadsheet and produces the graph [5 marks]
and trend line shown below.

The data point for h = 57cm, R = 1.70cm3s−1 has not been shown on the graph.
The student estimates the uncertainties in all values of h to be ±1cm and the
uncertainties in the values of R to be ±5%.
(i) On the graph, draw the missing data point.
(ii) On the graph, draw the vertical error bar for this data point.
(iii) Comment on why the trend line is not a perfect match for the data.
(iv) Explain why the student’s estimate of a 5% uncertainty in all values for R is
unlikely to be correct.
 Markscheme
(i) correctly plotted ± half square [1]

(ii) error bar total vertical length 1.7 (±0.4) square [1]

(iii) line does not pass through all of the error bars/uncertainties; [1]

(iv) absolute uncertainties (in volume and time) should be constant;constant percentage/relative/fractional
uncertainty in R means an increase in the absolute uncertainty asR increases. [2]

32c. The equation of the trend line shown in (b) is given by [4 marks]
R = −0.0005h2 + 0.0843h − 1.5632.
(i) Calculate the value of R for h = 0.
(ii) State why this value of R is not physically possible.
(iii) State the number of significant figures that you have used for your value in (c)
(i).
(iv) Comment, with reference to the experimental data, on the number of
significant figures that you have used for your value in (c)(i).
 Markscheme
(i) R0 = –1.6(–1.5632)cm3 s–1 ;
(ii) it is negative / this would mean water running uphill / gaining potential
energy / OWTTE;
(iii) an answer consistent with candidate’s value;
(iv) should be 2 significant figures (in line with data values);

32d. The student estimates that the uncertainty in timing 100s is ±1s. Using [4 marks]
the data on the graph, deduce the absolute uncertainty in the volume
of water collected when R = 2.1 units.

Markscheme
% uncertainty in t = 1%;
% uncertainty in V (= 5 + 1)=6% or % uncertainty in V (= 5 − 1) = 4%;
V (= 2.1 100) = 210 (units);
absolute uncertainty (= 210 × 6%) = 12.6 / 13 / 10 (units) or absolute
uncertainty (= 210 × 4%) = 8.4 / 8 (units);
 Data analysis question.
A simple pendulum of length l consists of a small mass attached to the end of a
light string.

The time T taken for the mass to swing through one cycle is given by

T = 2π√
l
g

where g is the acceleration due to gravity.

33. A student measures T for one length l to determine the value of g. Time [2 marks]
T = 1.9s ± 0.1s and length l = 0.880m ± 0.001m. Calculate the
fractional uncertainty in g.

Markscheme

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