Operating System
Operating System
Operating System
When you turn on a computer, the operating system programs run and
check to be sure all the parts of the computer are functioning properly
Once loaded, the operating system manages all activities on the computer
and the interactions with input (keyboard, mouse, etc.) and output devices
(printers, monitors, etc.).
OPERATING SYSTEMS
Memory Management
FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM
Process Management
FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM
File Management
OTHER IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES
SECURITY
ERROR DETECTION
CONTROL SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE
JOB ACCOUNTING
COORDINATE OTHER
SOFTWARE AND USER
DIFFERENT TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
DISK
When you turn the computer on, all you can see is the
OPERATING command prompt which looked like c:\ >.
SYSTEM
You have to type all commands at the command prompt which
might look like c:\>wp\wp.exe.
product of Microsoft
Macintosh
Program execution
Operating systems handle many kinds of activities from user programs to system
programs like printer spooler, name servers, file server, etc. Each of these activities is
encapsulated as a process.
Loads a program into memory
Executes the program
Handles program's execution
Provides a mechanism for process synchronization
Provides a mechanism for process communication
Provides a mechanism for deadlock handling
OPERATING SYSTEMS SERVICES
I/O Operations
An I/O subsystem comprises of I/O devices and their
corresponding driver software. Drivers hide the peculiarities of
specific hardware devices from the users.
I/O operation means read or write operation with any file or any
specific I/O device.
Operating system provides the access to the required I/O device
when required.
OPERATING SYSTEMS SERVICES
Communication
In case of distributed systems which are a collection of processors that do not share
memory, peripheral devices, or a clock, the operating system manages
communications between all the processes. Multiple processes communicate with
one another through communication lines in the network.
Two processes often require data to be transferred between them.
Both the processes can be on one computer or on different computers, but are
connected through a computer network.
Communication may be implemented by two methods, either by Shared Memory or by
Message Passing.
OPERATING SYSTEMS SERVICES
Error Detection
Errors can occur anytime and anywhere. An error may
occur in CPU, in I/O devices or in the memory
hardware.
The OS constantly checks for possible errors.
The OS takes an appropriate action to ensure correct and
consistent computing.
OPERATING SYSTEMS SERVICES
Resource Allocation
In case of multi-user or multi-tasking environment, resources
such as main memory, CPU cycles and files storage are to be
allocated to each user or job.
The OS manages all kinds of resources using schedulers.
CPU scheduling algorithms are used for better utilization of CPU.
OPERATING SYSTEMS SERVICES
Protection
Protection refers to a mechanism or a way to control the
access of programs, processes, or users to the resources
defined by a computer system.
The OS ensures that all access to system resources is controlled.
The OS ensures that external I/O devices are protected from
invalid access attempts.
The OS provides authentication features for each user by means
of passwords.