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B15 Vibrating String

This document outlines an experiment to determine: 1) The linear mass density of a vibrating wire by measuring its length, mass, and diameter. 2) The frequency of the local AC mains by measuring the resonant length of the wire at different tensions. 3) The velocity of waves in the vibrating wire by measuring the resonant length at different numbers of loops in the wire.

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129 views4 pages

B15 Vibrating String

This document outlines an experiment to determine: 1) The linear mass density of a vibrating wire by measuring its length, mass, and diameter. 2) The frequency of the local AC mains by measuring the resonant length of the wire at different tensions. 3) The velocity of waves in the vibrating wire by measuring the resonant length at different numbers of loops in the wire.

Uploaded by

conc oxygen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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B

15 Vibrating string
Aim:

Determine linear mass density of the wire, µ.

Determination of the frequency of the Local A.C. mains.

Determination of the velocity of the wave in Vibrating wire at the frequency of the Local
A.C. mains

Apparatus
Sonometer with wire, horseshoe magnet, small masses mains transformer Y [240V-6V],
weighing balance.
Method

Determine linear mass density of the wire, µ.


To find the mass per meter, µ, of the wire you are given a cut known length X [at least 50cm] of
the wire and weighs it carefully. If more convenient, µ can be found by measuring the diameter
of the wire at three different places in perpendicular directions to the length of the wire and
obtaining the density of the material from physical tables.

1 2 3 Mean

Length of wire X (m)

Mass, m, of X meters of wire, (kg)

Diameter of the wire (m)



Using appropriate formulae and method determine the, µ, of the wire.

Measurement of the frequency, f, of the Local A.C. mains

Clean the wire X where it passes over the metal pulley P and at the far end where it is
attached to sonometer S. Connect the wire, taking one lead from the pulley in series
with the rheostat R and the 6V secondary of the mains transformer Y.Place the magnet
G so that the wire passes between its poles and adjust the current [which may be
checked with an ammeter] until the wire can be felt to vibrate slightly without becoming
appreciably heated.Weigh the scale pan on the weighing balance and hang it on the
wire. Adjust the positions of the bridges A and B until the wire between them resonates
in its fundamental mode the magnet being at the center of AB. Measure the length L of
the vibrating wire between A and B and record. Then Place a load of about 20g in the
scale pan and get the combined mass M of the load and scale pan and repeat the above
steps.Vary the load to about 120g in steps of 20g and each time measure the new
resonating length.
Li near mass density of the wire,µ, =………………..g/m
Mass Tension ,T. Length of fundamental L2
mode ,L.
Scale pan

Draw a graph of T against L2



Using the graph determination of the frequency of the Local A.C. mains.

Determination of the velocity of the wave in the


string:
C. mains

Now Hang a single mass of approximately 20g on the the wire


Adjust the positions of the bridges A and B until the wire between them resonates in its
fundamental mode ( 1 loop) the magnet being at the center of AB. Measure the length L
of the vibrating wire between A and B and record. Then move the bridges A and B to get
the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ….. loops. Each time measure the length L of
the vibrating wire between A and B and record.

Tension on the wire=………….N linear mass density of the wire,µ, =………………..g/m


frequency of the wave=………….. Hz.

No. of loops, N, Resonating length,L.


1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Draw a graph of L against N
Using the graph determination of the velocity of the wave in the vibrating string at Local A.C.
mains.

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