Scribd
Upload
151 views17 pages

Data Communication & Networks: Unit 1

Data communication refers to the transmission of digital data between connected nodes or computers in a network. Networks can be classified based on geographical location, computational models, and network relationships. Geographically, networks include local area networks (LANs) within a building, metropolitan area networks (MANs) within a city, and wide area networks (WANs) covering large geographical areas. Computational models include centralized, distributed, and collaborative computing. Network relationships classify networks as peer-to-peer or client-server based on functional relationships between elements.

Uploaded by

Jayanthikrishnan S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
151 views17 pages

Data Communication & Networks: Unit 1

Data communication refers to the transmission of digital data between connected nodes or computers in a network. Networks can be classified based on geographical location, computational models, and network relationships. Geographically, networks include local area networks (LANs) within a building, metropolitan area networks (MANs) within a city, and wide area networks (WANs) covering large geographical areas. Computational models include centralized, distributed, and collaborative computing. Network relationships classify networks as peer-to-peer or client-server based on functional relationships between elements.

Uploaded by

Jayanthikrishnan S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

DATA COMMUNICATION &

NETWORKS

Unit 1
Data communication refers to the transmission of
digital data between two or more nodes or computers
connected in a network to exchange data. The physical
connection in a network can be established using the
wired media or wireless media.
Data communication is referred to as Local if the
communicating devices are located in the same
geographical area. It is said to Remote if the
communicating devices are apart.
NETWORK TYPES

A communication network can be classified on


the basis of different criteria, such as
1. Geographical Location
2. Computational Models
3. Network Relationship
1. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
Networks are distinguished based on their
geographical span. A network can be as small as
distance between your mobile phone and its
Bluetooth headphone and as large as the internet
itself, covering the whole geographical world. It is
divided into 3 major categories. They are
 Local Area Network
 Wide Area Network
 Metropolitan Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A computer network which spans inside a building
and controlled under single administrative system is
generally termed as Local Area Network (LAN).

LANs are distinguished from other kinds of networks


by three characteristics: (1) their size, (2) their
transmission technology, and (3) their topology.
Topology in LAN
a. Bus
b. Ring
Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
Wide Area Networks (WAN)
The subnet consists of two distinct components:
transmission lines and switching elements.
Transmission lines move bits between machines.
Switching elements are specialized computers that
connect three or more transmission lines.
When data arrive on an incoming line, the switching
element must choose an outgoing line on which to
forward them.
The collection of communication lines and routers (but
not the hosts) form the subnet.
2. NETWORK TYPE BASED ON
RELATIONSHIP

Computer networks can be classified according to


the functional relationship which exists between
the elements of the network .There are 2 types of
network architecture. They are
1. Peer to peer networks
2. Client /server networks
Peer to Peer Network
Client / Server Networks
3. NETWORK TYPES BASED ON
COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
Network can be classified on the basis of the
computational capability. There are 3
defined model. They are
1. Centralized Computing
2. Distributed Computing
3. Collaborative computing
1. CENTRALIZED COMPUTING
2. Distributed Computing
3. Collaborative computing

You might also like