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Hardware: Made By: Alecsandra Josan García Katia Contreras Camacho 4 Eso A

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Katia Contreras
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61 views16 pages

Hardware: Made By: Alecsandra Josan García Katia Contreras Camacho 4 Eso A

Uploaded by

Katia Contreras
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HARDWARE

DEFINITION: The Hardware is the physical part


of a computer: both the box and the internal
components (motherboard, hard disk, etc.) and
the elements connected to it (keyboard, mouse,
monitor, printer)
Made by: Alecsandra Josan García
Katia Contreras Camacho
4 ESO A
...INTERNAL
PC COMPONENTS • Motherboard
•
COMPONENTS...
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Power Supply Unit (PSU)
• Video card
• Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
• Solid-State Drive (SSD)
• Optical disk drive (e.g., BD/DVD/CD drive)
• Card reader (SD/SDHC, CF...)

...OUTSIDE COMPONENTS...
• Monitor
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
• Flash drive
• Printer
• Speakers
• External hard drive
• Pen tablet
LESS COMMON
INDIVIDUAL COMPUTER
HARDWARE DEVICES

Sound card
MOBILE COMPONENTS
•

• Network Interface Card (NIC)


• Expansion card (FireWire, USB, etc.) • Antenna • Ear Speaker
• Scanner • Battery • Microphone
• Projector • Central Processing Unit (CPU) • Vibrator Motor
• Floppy disk drive
• RAM (Random Access Memory) • SIM card
• ROM (Read Only Memory) SIM card Socket
• Joystick • Visual Display
•

• Webcam
• Memory Card
• Antenna Switch • Camera
• Microphone • Audio IC • Screen
• LED (Light Emitting Diode)
PROCESSORS: CONTROL UNIT.
ARITHMETIC-LOGICAL UNIT
PROCESSORS: CONTROL UNIT.
ARITHMETIC-LOGICAL UNIT
An arithmetic-logic unit is the part of a central processing unit that carries
out arithmetic and logic operations on the operands in computer
instruction words.

The microprocessor performs arithmetical-logical operations


the ALU has direct input and output access to the processor controller,
main memory (RAM).
MEMORIES
MEMORIES
There are several types of memories in a computer:

• RAM: any part of it can be accessed and permits reading and writing. It’s volatile: when
the power supply is turned off, the informartion stored in it is lost. It’s inserted in the
motherboard.

• ROM: it isn’t volatile.Information is not lost when the computer it’s turned off. Ideal for
storing basic hardware routines, such as the computer booting program or memory testing.

• Cache memory: is faster and has a lower capacity than RAM. It serves as a bridge between
the microprocessor and RAM. Computers include this memory in the microprocessor chip.
INTERNAL CONNECTORS
AND PORTS
INTERNAL CONNECTORS AND PORTS

The internal connectors are the expansion slots connected to the


motherboard, together with the internal ports or interfaces. There are
two types of slots.

• PCI: allow new components to be added


• AGP: is used for graphics and connectivity
INTERNAL CONNECTORS AND PORTS

• IDE / ATA: these control mass storage devices, such as hard disks, DVD…

• SATA: it’s a transmission interface between the motherboard and certain


devices. It’ll replace the other interfaces. The eSATA (external SATA) is
becaming popular nowadays.
PORTS
Ports are used to connect input/output peripherals to the
motherboard:

• USB: allows interconnection with any device. Connection and


recognition doesn’t require the device to be rebooted.

• IEEE 1394: it’s and interface that allows the interconnection of


cameras, videos, phones, external hard disks, printers and scanners
with the computer.
Other connectors are:
• VGA: graphics connector
• ATX: power connector
• RJ-45 network connector: to enable Internet connection

• Parallel: transmits data in parallel. Used for printers and scanners


• DVI-VGA and HDMI
• Molex and Molex-SATA power connectors
Peripherals: Input/Output
Systems
Peripherals: Input/Output Systems
• Input/output peripherals are the means by which the user and the computer
communicate with each other. The input device is needed so that the user can tell
the machine what he wants it to do, and to enter data. The output device reports
the results to the user.

• Input -Image scanner


-Keyboard -Microphone
-Computer mouse -Webcam
-Graphic tablet -Game controller
-Touchscreen -Light pen
-Scanner
-Barcode reader
-Digital camera
Peripherals: Input/Output Systems
• Output
-Computer display -Disk drive
-Printer -Smartphone or Tablet computer
-Projector storage interface
-Speaker -CD/DVD drive
-Storage devices -Input/Output
-Floppy disk drive -Modem
-Flash drive -Network interface controller (NIC)
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STORAGE UNITS
● Storage units are used to save information. The internal storage units are hard disks
and can be:
- Hard disk drive: uses a magnetic recording system to record digital data on a
series of platters or disks by means of a moving head.
-Solid-state disk/drive: stores information on non-volatile NAND memory
microchips. Don’t contain moving parts so they are fatser and more energy
efficient.
● External storage units include Cds, DVDs and Blu-ray disks. Others are USB
frash/pen drives and memory cards: SD, MMC...

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