SECTION 4415: Aesthetic Concrete Wall Repair

100 DESCRIPTION

1. This specification describes installation of custom concrete patching compounds.

101 GENERAL

1. Wherever the words "approved by", "equivalent" or similar phrases are used in
this specification, they shall be understood to mean that the material, process or item referred to
shall require the written approval of the patching system manufacturer.

2. This specification shall be read in conjunction with project specifications,

sketches, photographs and/or drawings indicating the precise extent of work and the use and
location of specific materials.

3. Contractor shall make a pre-bid field visit to verify all work shown or not shown
on the drawings.

103 WORK INCLUDED

1. Provide all labor, equipment and materials necessary to complete the following
concrete repair work:

a. Preparation of all surfaces to receive patching compound.

b. Mixing and transportation of patching compound.
c. Repairs to delaminated and scaled areas of existing concrete.
d. Priming of repair areas and placement of patching compound.
e. Finishing and curing of patches.
f. Repair of cracks.

2. Related work, described elsewhere:

(Optional)
a. Repair/replacement of joint fillers and sealants. Section 07900.
b. Consolidant/water repellent: Section 07180.
c. Special Coatings: Section 09800.

102 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1. Restoration Specialist: Work must be performed by a firm having not less than 5
years successful experience in comparable concrete repair projects, and employing personnel
skilled in the restoration process and operations indicated.
a. Only skilled journeyman masons and/or cement finishers who are familiar and
experienced with the materials and methods specified and are familiar with the design
requirements shall be used for concrete restoration.
 b. One skilled journeyman mason or cement finisher, trained and certified by the
concrete repair system manufacturer shall be present at all times during concrete restoration and
shall personally direct the work.

2. Field Construction Mock-Ups: Prior to start of general concrete restoration,

prepare the following sample panels and sample areas on building where directed by Architect or
Owner's Representative. Obtain Architect or Owner's Representative approval of sample before
proceeding with the work. Retain accepted panels/sample areas in undisturbed condition,
suitably marked, during restoration as a standard for judging completed work.

a. Cleaning: Demonstrate materials and methods to be used for cleaning for each
type of concrete surface and condition on sample panels each approximately 25 sq. ft. in area.
Test adjacent non-masonry materials for possible reaction with cleaning materials. Allow
waiting period of duration indicated, but not less than 7 calendar days after completion of
sample panels for negative reactions.

b. Paint, Graffiti, and Metallic stain removal: Demonstrate materials and methods
to be used for paint, graffiti, and stain removal for each type of surface and condition on sample
panel 4 sq. ft. in area. The removal method or methods shall be tested on an inconspicuous area
of the building.

c. Crack Repair: Prepare a sample area for each type of crack repair required for
stone (i.e. hairline cracks and microscopic cracks 1/64"-1/16" in size; cracks and voids larger
than 1/8"). Repair shall demonstrate methods and quality of workmanship expected for crack
repair.

d. Patching: Prepare on-building sample of each type of construction to be

patched, rebuilt and/or replaced (e.g. one balcony surface, one deck area, one cornice unit, one
window sill; one wall area). Patching shall demonstrate methods and quality of workmanship
expected of repair work.

e. The samples of each type of repair work shall be done in an area that will be
exposed to the same weathering conditions as the building. Allow samples to cure at least three
days before obtaining acceptance of color, texture and detailing match. Samples shall be viewed
from an approved distance.

3. Source of Materials: Obtain materials for Patching, coating, sealing and crack
repair from a single source manufacturer to ensure match quality, color, texture and detailing.

103 SUBMITTALS

1. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's technical data for each product indicated
including recommendations for their application and use. Include test reports and certifications
substantiating that products comply with requirements.
 2. Submit the following items in time to prevent delay of the work and to allow
adequate time for review and resubmittals, if needed. Do not order materials or start work before
receiving the written approval.

a. Written certificates from the patching materials manufacturer should be

submitted stating that all installers of the patching material have successfully completed a
training workshop for installation of the patching material, or have met alternative workmanship
qualifications acceptable to the manufacturer.

b. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all specified materials.

c. Certificates, except where the material is labeled with such certification, by the
producers, of the materials, that all materials supplied comply with all the requirements of these
specifications and the appropriate standards.

d. Written verification that all specified items will be used. Provide purchase
orders, shipping tickets, receipts, etc. to prove that the specified materials were ordered and
received.

3. Restoration Program: Submit written program for each phase of restoration

process including protection of surrounding material on building and site during operations.
Describe in detail material, methods and equipment to be used for each phase of restoration
work.

a. If alternative methods and materials to those indicated are proposed for any
phase of restoration work, provide written description, including evidence of successful use on
other, comparable projects, and program of testing to demonstrate effectiveness for use on this
project.

104 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING:

1. Deliver materials to site in manufacturer's original unopened containers and

packaging, bearing labels as to type and names of products and manufacturers.

2. Deliver and store restoration material in manufacturer's original, unopened

containers with the grade, batch and production data shown on the container or packaging.

3. Protect restoration materials during storage and construction from wetting by

rain, snow or ground water, and from staining or intermixture with earth or other types of
materials.

4. Protect materials from deterioration by moisture and temperature. Store in a dry

location or in waterproof containers. Keep containers tightly closed and away from open flames.
Protect liquid components from freezing. Comply with manufacturer's recommendations for
minimum and maximum temperature requirements for storage.
 5. Comply with the manufacturer's written specifications and recommendations for
mixing, application, and curing of grouts and patching materials.

105 PROTECTION / SITE CONDITIONS

1. Protect persons, vehicles, building site and surrounding buildings from injury
resulting from concrete restoration work.

2. Clean concrete surfaces only when air temperatures are above 40 degrees F (4
deg. C) and will remain so until concrete has dried out.

3. Do not perform any patching unless air temperatures are between 40 degrees
Fahrenheit (10 deg. C) and 86 degrees Fahrenheit (30 deg. C) and will remain so for at least 24
hours after completion of work.

4. Do not perform any patching work if precipitation is expected. In case of

unexpected precipitation, work shall cease and all uncured material shall be adequately protected
with an impermeable polyethylene sheet.

5. If either the ambient or subsurface temperature is expected to fall between 35F

(2C) and 40F (4C) during curing and ultimate drying of the patching compound, then the cold
weather precautions outlined in item 7, below, of this section of the specification shall be
followed.

6. If ambient or surface temperature is expected to rise above 86F (30C) during

application and curing of the patching compound, then the hot weather precautions outlined in
item 8 of this section of the specifications shall be followed

7. Cold Weather Precautions:

a. CUSTOM SYSTEM 45 RL-6 liquid component shall be substituted for RL-1

grade.
b. Curing times shall be extended to compensate for lower temperature cure.
c. Do not proceed if temperatures will drop below freezing before patching
compound has reached final set. Any material disrupted by early freezing must be removed and
replaced under appropriate controls or conditions.
d. If auxiliary heating will be used to protect freshly placed materials from
freezing, equipment must not directly vent exhaust gases onto the repair materials or into repair
enclosure air. This may cause carbonation and low strength. Use moderate temperatures and
heated air or radiant heat.

8. Hot Weather Precautions:

a. CUSTOM SYSTEM 45 TYPE CN with RL-5 liquid component shall be

substituted for RL-1 grade.
b. All materials shall be kept cool, stored out of direct sun.
 c. Pre-cooling of subsurface shall be carried out by continuous wetting at least
one hour before placing patching compounds. This shall be done by covering or draping the
entire repair area with burlap and by continuously keeping the burlap wet. The burlap shall be
removed just prior to the patching of each area, as work proceeds.
d. In hot, dry, windy weather, repair areas shall be covered or draped with burlap
for a minimum of 3 hours after patch placement, to avoid rapid drying of the patches. Maximum
wet cure time shall not exceed 24 hours.

9. Prevent masonry patching materials from staining the face of other surfaces to be
left exposed. Immediately remove all patching materials that come in contact with such
surfaces.

10. Cover partially completed work when work is not in progress.

11. Protect sills, ledges and projections from droppings.

106 SEQUENCING / SCHEDULING:

1. Perform concrete restoration work in the following sequence:

a. Remove paint, stains and plant material from all surfaces.

b. Remove existing unsound materials from areas indicated to be restored.

c. Pressure wash building and repair surfaces as indicated.

d. Patch and repair existing concrete structures as indicated.

e. (Optional): Provide consolidation/water repellent treatment for concrete structures as

indicated. Water repellents/consolidants are specified in Section 07180.

f. (Optional): Provide special coating over indicated sections as specified in Section

09800.

107 SUPERVISION & INSPECTIONS:

(Optional)
1. Contractor shall engage manufacturer's technical representative at contractor's
expense, to provide: (Select one)

a. Periodic inspections of work in progress: As a minimum, manufacturer's

technical representative shall be present to review conditions and methods prior to start of work,
and again when surface preparation has been substantially performed, but prior to patching,
again when patching work is approximately 50% complete, and a final inspection shall be
performed upon substantial completion of work.
 or: b. A technical representative of the manufacturer shall be present to supervise
execution of the work to the extent deemed necessary by the manufacturer, in order to assure
that all work is carried out in strict accordance with this specification.

200 MATERIALS

1. This specification describes the materials used in, and in conjunction with
concrete patching.

201 PRODUCTS

1. Patching compound shall be a prepackaged, 2-component, reactive acrylic latex

polymer modified blend of portland cement, specially graded aggregates and admixtures,
designed for low shrinkage, low stress cure, and compatibility with existing host concrete.

a. Patching compound shall develop a minimum 200 psi direct tensile adhesion
with host substrate, when applied in accordance with these specifications.

b. Tensile strength of patching compound shall be a minimum of 300 psi.

Flexural modulus shall be 1.1 x 106 psi. Material must be vapor permeable, with a minimum
permeance of 8 perms at 1/2" depth as measured by ASTM E-96.

c. Water used for cleaning, mixing and finishing shall be clean, potable, free from
oil, acid, injurious amounts of vegetable matter, alkali or other salts.

d. No colorants, accelerators, bonding agents or other additives shall be added to

the patching compound without express written direction of the manufacturer.

e. Acceptable products: CUSTOM SYSTEM 45 TYPE CN, as manufactured by

Edison Coatings, Inc., (800) 341-6621, or approved equal.

2. Crack Sealants
a. Low viscosity crack sealant for small cracks shall be a 100% solids,
2-component elastomeric epoxy with 110% elongation and minimum 1200 psi tensile strength as
measured by ASTM D412. Acceptable products: Flexi-Seal 510 as manufactured by Edison
Coatings, Inc. (800) 341-6621, or approved equal.
b. Paste grade crack sealant for larger cracks shall be a 100% solids, 2-coponent
flexibilized epoxy-urethane filler with 10% elongation and minimum 1200 psi tensile strength.
Acceptable products shall be Flexi-Fill 530 as manufactured by Edison Coatings, Inc. (800) 341-
6621.

3. Primer and reinforcing steel primer/corrosion inhibitor shall be an alkaline, silica

fume modified, latex modified cementitious coating.
a. Acceptable products: SYSTEM 49 CPBA, as manufactured by Edison
Coatings, Inc., (800) 341-6621, or approved equal.
 4. Retarder for exposed aggregate finish replication shall be System 22 as
manufactured by Edison Coatings, Inc., (800) 341-6621.

5. The products specified herein shall be assumed to meet the performance criteria
specified. If a proposed equal is submitted, thorough lab testing shall be required to establish
equivalent performance levels. An independent testing laboratory shall be utilized as determined
by the Architect, and shall be paid for by the submitting party.

300 EXECUTION: SURFACE PREPARATION & DETAILING

1. This section describes the preparation required for various surfaces which are to
receive patching compound.

301 SURFACE PREPARATION

1. Prior to patching, all surfaces must be prepared in accordance with this section of
the specifications.

2. Remove all unsound concrete, using lightweight demolition hammers, not to

exceed 18 pounds in weight. All removals to be performed in accordance with ICRI Guideline
#03730, which shall be a part of these specifications, with regard to removal geometry,
exposing, undercutting and cleaning of embedded reinforcement, and conditioning of edges and
surfaces. Following demolition, test surfaces for alkalinity/carbonation with a 1% solution of
phenolphthaline. Surfaces which do not indicate alkalinity (solution turns pink) shall require
further demolition.

3. Pressure wash all indicated surfaces using 3000-4000 psi water, as required to
remove all dust and dirt. Abrasive shall be used in combination with water when cleaning repair
cavities, as required to eliminate micro-cracked surface materials resulting from demolition. No
water with concrete dust shall be allowed to remain on any surface following washing, and must
be immediately removed, prior to drying and re-hardening.

4. The result of this preparation shall render a surface clean, meaning having
complete exposure of sound original material without any deposits of contaminants, foreign
matter or loose material, which could affect the bond or long-term durability of the surface and
the patching compound.

302 CRACK REPAIR

1. Patching compounds are not to be used to bridge working cracks or joints.

2. Crack repair for small cracks less than 1/16" (62 mils, 1.5 mm) shall be
performed following pressure washing and drying by gravity filling with elastomeric crack
sealant. Cracks wider than than 1/16" shall be grooved out to a nominal 1/4" x 1/4" (6mm x
6mm), and filled with crack sealant.
 3. Expansion joints are not included under this section of the specification.

303 PRIMING OF REINFORCING STEEL

1. Any steel reinforcement exposed in the course of removing unsound materials

shall be cleaned and prepared in accordance with the above specifications. The result of this
cleaning shall be a steel surface free from visible rust or scale.

2. Following cleaning and prior to patching, apply cementitious corrosion inhibitive

primer and bonding agent to all steel surfaces in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
Care must be taken to create a continuous coating on the full surface, including the underside of
the undercut reinforcement. Observe manufacturer's guidelines with regard to inimum and
maximum timing "windows" for patching after application of primer.

400 CONCRETE PATCHING

1. Following preparation, as specified above, contractor shall maintain work area in

a clean condition, including materials, equipment and workers' footwear, to avoid tracking in of
contaminants, dirt, dust, mud or other materials which may interfere with adhesion and
durability of repairs.

2. Prior to patching, all repair areas to be patched shall be kept continuously wet for
at least 20 minutes prior to application of patching compound. Before placing patch, excess
water shall be blown, vacuumed or otherwise removed from the surface, leaving the surface
damp or saturated/surface dry.

3. Vigorously brush-apply a slurry coat of cementitious primer / bonding agent with

into all cavity surfaces.

4. Immediately after primer application, and while primer is still wet, mix and place
patching compound in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

5. Mix the liquid component with the patching compound dry component to obtain
the proper mix consistency. DO NOT ADD WATER. Mix using slow speed drill (450 rpm
maximum) with mud or paddle mixer. Motorized mortar mixers may be used for mixing larger
quantities. Mix for precisely 4 minutes, using a mix timer. Mix to a uniform consistency, free of
lumps or dry material. Do not whip air into the mix. Do not over-mix.

6. When placing the patching compound, care shall be taken to assure that all
corners and gaps under reinforcing steel and entire cavity profile is completely filled and
properly compacted to prevent formation of voids or unbonded areas. Work the material into
corners and gaps, and onto cavity sidewalls using pressure on the trowel to assure good contact
between patch and substrates.
 7. Patches deeper than 1½" (25 mm) may be applied in multiple lifts. Leave the
surface of the previous application rough and grooved with an open “V” groove profile and
allow material to reach initial set before applying the subsequent lift. Apply additional lifts with
3 days of initial application. If base materials dry out before subsequent lifts are applied, dampen
with water prior to the next application.

8. Do net retemper material which has begun to set. Discard any unused material
after 30 minutes. Do not excessively wet patch surfaces after placement or as an aid to
trowelling. Limit surface water addition to light misting and do not wet or rework repeatedly.

9. Exposed aggregate finish formulations are extended with coarse aggregates. To

expose the aggregate, mist freshly placed patches with System 22 retarder, and maintain damp
surface condition until patching material just below the surface has begun to set, typically 1-2
hours after initial mixing. Then scrub the surface paste from the surface of the embedded stone
using a damp nylon bristle brush, taking care not to disrupt base materials or to smear patching
compounds onto adjacent surfaces.

10. Observe the curing requirements for each day's working conditions, as specified
herein. Do not extend wet curing beyond the maximum specified. Do not open to traffic or
expose to weather until adequate strength has been reached, as affected by working and curing
conditions.