2-Bit Full Adder Circuit (EEE-1024/DA (Theory) ) : Adithya Hariprakash 21MIC0031

2-Bit Full Adder Circuit
(EEE-1024/DA(Theory))
Adithya Hariprakash
21MIC0031
Summary:
This is a project of 2-bit Binary Full Adder Circuit which comprises of
3 inputs of (A, B and C in in form of Binary) and producing two output
signals namely SUM and CARRY. Adder circuits have vast applications
ranging from ALU, calculate addresses, table indices, increment and
decrement operators and similar operations.
CONTENTS:
1.Introduction to Adder Circuit
2.Industry Application
3. 2 Bit Adder Circuit
4.Circuit Diagram
5.Working Model Images
6.Status Report
1. Introduction to Adder Circuits
Both Half and Full adders are combinational logic circuits, and they
both differ from each other in the aspect of input processing. Any
combinational circuit is devoid of memory elements- they only
comprise the logic gates. There is a primary difference between half
adder and full adder. Half adder only adds the current inputs as 1-bit
numbers and does not focus on the previous inputs. On the other
hand, Full Adder can easily carry the current inputs as well as the
output from the previous additions.
Before we let us investigate more difference between half adder and
full adder, let us know a bit more about them individually.
Half Adder:
It is a combinational logic circuit. You can design it by connecting one

AND gate and one EX-OR gate. A half-adder circuit consists of two
input terminals- namely A and B. Both add two input digits (one-bit
numbers) and generate the output in the form of a carry and a sum.
Thus, there are two output terminals.
The output that one obtains from the EX-OR gate is the sum of the
one-bit numbers. The output obtained from the AND gate is called
the carry. But you cannot forward the carry that you obtain in one
addition into another addition. It is because of the absence of any
logic gate to process it. Thus, it’s called the Half Adder circuit.
We can write the equation of output for both the gates in the form
of a logical operation that the logic gates perform. Here, we write
the carry equation in the form of AND operation and the sum
equation in the form of EX-OR operation.
Truth Table
Here is a truth table representing the possible outputs obtained from

the possible inputs in a Half Adder:
A B Sum Carry
0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1
Logical Expression of Half Adder
Sum (S) = A ⊕ B
Carry (C) = A. B
Full Adder:
A full adder is a circuit that has two AND gates, two EX-OR gates, and
one OR gate. The full adder adds three binary digits. Among all the
three, one is the carry that we obtain from the previous addition as
C-IN, and the two are inputs A and B. It designates the input carry as
the C-OUT and the normal output as S (or SUM).
Just like the Half Adder, the Full Ladder is a combinational type of
logic circuit- meaning, it has no storage element. But it has additional
logic gates. Thus, it adds the previous carry to generate the complete
output. Thus, it is called the Full Adder.
One can also designate a Full Adder using one OR gate and two Half
Adders. The OR gate here generates a carry that it obtains after the
addition. We obtain the sum of these digits in the form of output
from the second Half Adder.
The equation for the output that you can obtain by the EX-OR gate is
the sum of all the binary digits. Here, the output that you obtain
from the AND gate is the carry that you obtain by addition. This
equation is in the form of a logical operation.
Truth Table
A truth table represents the possible outputs obtained from the

possible inputs. A truth table for the Full Adder is as follows:
A B C Sum Cout
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 0 1
0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 1 1 0
1 1 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 1
Logical Expression of Full Adder
CARRY-OUT = AB + BCin + ACin

SUM = (A ⊕ B) ⊕ Cin
2. Industry Applications
The binary bits addition can be done by half adder

using ALU within the computer because it uses adder.
Half adder combination can be used for designing a full

adder circuit.
Half adders are used in the calculators and to measure

the addresses as well as tables
These circuits are used to handle different applications

within digital circuits. In the future, it plays a key role in
digital electronics.
A Full Adder circuit is used as an element in many large

circuits such as Ripple Carry Adder. This adder adds the
number of bits simultaneously.
Full Adders are used in Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Full Adders are used in graphics-related applications like

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)
These are used in the multiplication circuit to execute

Carryout Multiplication.
In a computer, to generate the memory address & to

build the program counterpoint toward subsequent
instruction, the Arithmetic Logic Unit is used by using Full
Adders.
3. 2 Bit-Full-Adder Circuit
2-bit binary adder circuit like any other full adder roughly translates
into working by taking in 2bit with 3 inputs and returning two
outputs namely: SUM and CARRY.
4. Circuit Diagram
5. Working Model Images
Stimulated Circuit
Obtained Waveform
Truth Table Verification of 2-Bit Full -Adder Circuit
A0 A1 B0 B1 Cin Sum0 Sum1 Cout1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6. Status Report
Materials Required:
S.no. Name of the IC number Quantity
component
1. X-OR Gate 7436 4
2. AND-Gate 7408 4
3. OR -Gate 7432 2
4. Input Source Digclock/source 5
5. Connection Wires Few
Analysis:
According to the Pspice stimulations the 2-Bit Full Adder Circuit is
taking up the inputs and giving outputs Sum and Carry.
Precautions
Check if wires are connected properly to ensure proper
connection.
Check whether each component is correctly selected from the
part option.

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2-Bit Full Adder Circuit

3. 2 Bit Adder Circuit

5.Working Model Images

It is a combinational logic circuit. You can design it by connecting one

Here is a truth table representing the possible outputs obtained from

Logical Expression of Half Adder

A truth table represents the possible outputs obtained from the

Logical Expression of Full Adder

CARRY-OUT = AB + BCin + ACin

The binary bits addition can be done by half adder

Half adder combination can be used for designing a full

Half adders are used in the calculators and to measure

These circuits are used to handle different applications

A Full Adder circuit is used as an element in many large

Full Adders are used in Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

Full Adders are used in graphics-related applications like

These are used in the multiplication circuit to execute

In a computer, to generate the memory address & to

A0 A1 B0 B1 Cin Sum0 Sum1 Cout1

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