ANTI-SMOKING CAMPAIGN IN BARANGAY POOK NG KAPITAN: A PROPOSED

MEASURE TO PROMOTE CLEAN AND HEALTHY COMMUNITY

A Research Report on Relevant Socio-Cultural Issues

Prepared and Submitted by

Group 3

Members:

1.Rick Jimuel D. Lobos

2. Dexter D. Paraiso

3. Patricia Claire Medina

4. Daisery D. Paraiso

5. Jezrene Mae Rozelle C. Pilapil

March 12, 2020

Smoking is one of the biggest problem in the Philippines. Kidshealth.org (2015) Identifies

smoking as a hard habit to break because tobacco contains a very addictive chemical nicotine.

People start smoking for different reasons. In barangay Pook ng Kapitan it was observed that

smoking is also the main problem. According to Mrs. Teresita Hernandez, the barangay captain,

there is a very large number of young individuals among ages 12-20 years old who are using

tobacco. As what they have observed, the number of smokers are increasing over the years.

Until now, the barangay has not come up yet with the solution on how to lessen or solve this

problem. This is why the researchers conducted this study on anti-smoking campaign in order to

propose a measure to promote a clean and healthy community.

Research Questions

The researchers aim to propose an anti-smoking campaign that will keep the barangay a

smoke-free community. Specifically the researchers would like to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the present status of the community in term of smoking among aged 12-20 young

individuals?

2. What is the response of the barangay concerning this issue?

3. What will be the scheme of the proposed Anti-Smoking Campaign?

4. How will the Anti-Smoking Campaign eliminate the case smoking among youths of Barangay

Pook ng Kapitan and achieve a clean and healthy community?

Significance of the Study

This study will benefit the community in a way that it can be learning guideline for the youth,

adults, and seniors to enhance their knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking. Further,

conducting an activity like this will help the students researchers on recognizing the importance
of having a healthy body.

This study will benefit the next generation by using this as their guide. This study can help

them to add more knowledge about the research they want to have.

Literature Review

According to Vital Strategies Inc. (2015) entitled “Anti-Tobacco Campaign in the Philippines

Highlights Health Harms of Smoking and second hand smoke” there is 40% of men and 8.2% of

women in the Philippines smoke tobacco. This campaign features two public service

announcement (PSAS) one called “Cigarettes are eating you alive” showing the causes damage

to nearly every vital organ and tissue of the body and the other one is “Cigarettes are eating

your baby alive” showing the harm of SHS to children and non-smokers. It also highlighted the

diseases such as stroke, oral cancer, neck cancer and threat cancer on the packs.

In addition, it stated that smoking has a major effect. This is the effect on human health.

Moreover, knowing the bad effects of smoking will help the youth to be aware and to avoid

doing it. This will help them to enhance their knowledge about the harmful truth of smoking.

Meanwhile, the study of Guerrero (2009) entitled “Treatment of tobacco dependence”

focused on solving the problem in smoking. This case study states that DOH conducted a report

that 47.1% (14.6 million) are men and 9.0% (2.8 million) are women who is being treated. This

study focused on the prevalence of tobacco use and dependence among adolescents- as well

as the neurobiological impact and medical consequences of nicotine exposure- this case study

suggest that peaiatic primary care should deliver tobacco cesation treatments to both youth and

parents who use tobacco. It also features Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) which helps the

patient to identify its triggers, teaches them relapse prevention skills and effective coping

strategies to avoid smoking in the face of stressful situations and triggers.

This means that there are a lot of people who are interested in quitting. Knowing that DOH

has a lot of programs to offer, this can push the youth and adults on avoiding tobacco. This will
make them realize the bad effects for their selves and to others.

According to the study of Bellew (2013) entitled “Addressing the tobacco epidemic in the

Philippines progress since ratification of the WHO FCTC” Stats that tobacco kills 5 million

persons each year worldwide, 57 million global in 2008, 36 million (63%) due to NCD’s. Added

to this, Tobacco use and exposure to second hand smokes. It features the NCD or the Non

Communicable Disease who pose as one of the main health challenges of the twenty first

century. Meanwhile the effective tobacco control policies are enshrined in the World Health

Organization (WHO), a legally binding international treaty that was ratified in the Philippines in

2005.

Moreover since 2007, Bloomberg Philantropes has supported the accelerated reduction of

tobacco use in many counties, including the Philippines . Despite the considerable progress

funced by Bloomberg Initiative, significant challenges are identified that must be addressed in

future if the social health and economic burden from tobacco epidemic is to be alleriated.

The programs such as FCTC and Bloomberg can be used on stopping the tobacco

epidemic. This can lessen the number of people who is involved in smoking. Participating in this

kind of program can give you more knowledge about the definition of smoking, number of

people who is using tobacco and how you can avoid this kind of epidemic.

Results and Discussion

After that, the researchers has come up a considerable discussions among smoking of

young individuals. In this section, the results of the study are presented and discussed with

reference to the aim of the study using a graphical repesentation.88iu9666uo67y7

Present Status of the Community

As what Arnel Catapang said, there’s a lot of reasons to considered on why are the youths
are involve in smoking. He said that the reasons why youths are involving to cigarettes are

unemployment or being jobless, guardian concerns and youths preference or willingness to

involve to this.

According to the study of Global Bridges (2020), there’s a lot of factors that are not

considered by the youths. 1.) Underestimating a persons personal risk for smoking. They can’t

see themselves as personally vulnerable to the dangers of smoking. 2.) Underestimate the risk

for health problems caused by smoking in relation to other behavior. 3.) Overestimating smoking

prevalence.

12-20 years old

Non-Smokers Smokers

40%
60%

The graph above shows the percentage of young individuals who is involve in smoking. It also

shows that the number of smokers are greater than the number of non-smokers. 60% of the

population of young individuals are smokers/involve in smoking and 40% of the population of

young individuals are nonsmokers/not involve in smoking. It only shows that there’s a lot of

young individuals that are involve in smoking that those who are non-smokers.

Response of the Barangay

As stated by Arnel Catapang (2020), the barangay officials will make a programs regarding

this issue. Programs that will lessen the number of smokers. This will make a change to the next
generation to be different from current generation who are involve in smoking. Although they will

make a program regarding this issue,still, they are not sure what will be the outcome of that

program and how effective it is. Still and all, it will be a great help for the youths to make their

selves busy and not to think about smoking anymore.

Base on the study of Respirology (2003), they have a lot of response. They are favoured

over voluntary controls, the key to the successful implementation of these measures is winning

public support and ensuring proper enforcement. Given the enormous burden that smoking

places on health services, governments in developed nations have generally responded by

introducing a range of tobacco control measures. However, the picture is far from uniform and

some of the best example of strong government-led action have occurred in less developed

nations

Both study are similar with each other. They are both favoured on having programs that will

lessen the numbers of young individual smokers. They are both concern about the effects that

are happening in their place. They both want to have a better result and outcome for the

programs and end smoking..

Scheme of Implementation

“We examine the history and effectiveness of efforts to prevent and reduce tobacco use

among young people, with an emphasis on those under 18 years of age. The first section of this

study provides background on changes in prevention strategies since the 1994 Surgeon

General’s report on preventing tobacco use among young people US Department of Health and

Human Services (1994), including summaries of scientific evidence on strategies to reduce

youth smoking, the theories underlying prevention efforts, various approaches to prevention,

and the criteria for judging the evidence of the effectiveness of prevention strategies. The

remaining sections, which review the evidence for the effectiveness of prevention” (USDDHS,2-

020).

According to ADAMHA Reorganization Act (1992), which seeks to limit the access of
youth to tobacco products. The scheme of their campaign are divided into (1) large social

environments, such as community and statewide programs and mass media campaigns; (2)

regulatory and policy-driven approaches to the policies that affect product labeling, create

smoke-free environments, restrict advertising, and raise tobacco taxes; (3) small social

environments, such as families, clinical settings, and schools; and (4) special issues, such as

preventing the use of smokeless tobacco and other tobacco products, conducting preventive

efforts with vulnerable populations, and implementing cessation interventions for youth.

This study is informative. It gives a lot of information about the steps on making the

tobacco products limited. Likewise in the Barangay Pook Ng Kapitan, they also seek on limiting

the access of tobacco products. According to Arnel Catapang (2020) they will have a survey if

their scheme is progressing. It will serve as evidence if the prevention is effective. Meaning,

they are interested in solving this problem.

Eliminating the case of smoking

“ An anti-smoking advertising campaign initiated by Vermont researchers was found to

be the most cost effective in that it significantly reduced adolescent smoking prevalence at a low

per capita cost. Next in order of cost effectiveness were California, Massachusetts, and Florida

because behavioural outcomes were inconsistent across time and/or grades. California was

ranked higher than the other two because it spent less per capita. Minnesota and Canada were

ineffective at reducing adolescent smoking prevalence, and no comparison associated with

increased cost effectiveness: (1) a greater use of message content that prior research suggests

is efficacious with youth; (2) a more concentrated use of a single efficacious message; (3) an

avoidance of unclear messages; and (4) an increased use of youthful spokespeople that

adolescents could more readily identify with. No indication was found that depictions of smoking

undermined campaign effectiveness by inadvertently implying that smoking was prevalent”

(Pechmann, 2020).
 The highly cost effective Vermont campaign can be used as a model for future efforts. It

is estimated that 79% of the Vermont advertisements conveyed efficacious messages, 58%

concentrated on a single efficacious message, 70% showed youthful spokespeople, and only

4% contained unclear messages. The results suggest that, in the less effective campaigns, as

few as 25% of the advertisements contained messages that prior research indicates should be

efficacious with youth, as few as 10% of the advertisements focused on one efficacious

message, and up to 32% of the advertisements lacked clearcut messages.

This study only shows that anti-smoking campaign has a big impact as a solution in

deteriorating case of smoking. Like in US anti smoking campaign is the tool that they used to at

least lessen the number of smokers. It cannot be eliminated but it can be decreased. Even there

are a lot of programs it cannot be end. But if the numbers of smokers will be decrease we will

achieve a clean and healthy community that all of us wants. This campaign will serve as an

instrument to make the community clean and healthy.

Conclusion

After a that smoking by youth and young adults has immediate averse health

consequences including addiction and accelerate the development of diseases across the life

course. The proposed campaign will benefit the youth by making their selves busy and it will

also benefit the community by making it healthy and clean.

It recommends to add more activities that can help to lessen the number of youth

smokers. Having this makes the barangay active in a lot of ways and make it a smoke-free

community.

APPENDICES
Activity 1: Brain Storming for Ideas

Top 3 Issues:

 Youth Addiction

 Improper Waste Disposal

 Citizen’s Debt in Micro Finances

Name: Teresita Hernandez

Interview:

“ Ang mga isyung kinakaharap ng ating barangay sa ngayon ay yung mga basura na nasa

kanluran, basta-basta na lamang tinatapon kung saan saan. Isa pa ay yung sa mga kabataan,

mga kabataang walang disiplina at mga nagloloko. Kahit sila ay nasisita at nahuhuli na, kahit

sila ay may record na, hindi parin sila marunong makinig at inuulit parin ang kanilang ginagawa.

Pagkaadik din ng mga kabataan sa sigarilyo o yosi at sa mga alak. Sanhi ng pagkakaroon ng

gulo at away sa mga kabataan. Siguro isa din sa problema sa ating barangay ay pagkakaroon

ng utang. Utang sa mga micro finances dahil sa kahirapan at pagkakaroon din nila sa ibang tao.

Nagiging bunga nito ay ang pagkakaroon ng usapin at pagpupulong”.

Activity 2: Selecting Research Topic

1. Brainstorm for Ideas

We would like to research about the rampant issues of our barangay. It is about the youth

addiction. We choose this issue because we also want to know the main cause why youths are

addicted to cigarettes and alcohol

2. Identify the sources of General Background Information

The sources we had to gather information is through interview. The Brgy. Captain,

councilors, brgy. police and other concerned citizens can help us to provide information. We can

also use the internet as source to add more information. Other organizations such as BHW and
SK can greatly help to gather information.

3. Focus on Topic

We will focus on the topic about the youth addiction. We decided to focus on this topic

because as we all know, youths are very aggressive and very hard headed nowadays. The

people who are living in our barangay are affected by this issue especially the parents of those

youths.

4. Make a List of Useful Keywords

Anti-Smoking, Tobacco, Youths, Scheme, Users/Smokers, Campaign

5. Be flexible

We must ensure that the information we gathered are legit and reliable because it is the

thing that we need to consider to conduct a research.

6. Define your topic as a Focused Research Question

How to stop the youths on being addicted to cigarettes and alcohol?

7. Formulate a Thesis Statement

Implementing anti-smoking campaign to end youth addiction to cigarette

Activity 3: Formulating Thesis Statement

Title: Anti-Smoking Campaign in Barangay Pook Ng Kapitan: A Proposed Measure to Promote

Clean and Healthy Community

Question: What is the proposed scheme of anti-smoking campaign in the barangay?

Thesis Statement: Implementing anti-smoking campaign to end youth addiction to cigarette

Activity 4: Developing Questionnaire

the study “Anti-Smoking Campaign in Barangay Pook Ng Kapitan: A Proposed Measure to

Promote Clean and Healthy Community”.

Name: Teresita Hernandez

Position: Former Barangay Captain

Address: Pook Ng Kapitan, San Pascual Batangas

Question: Ano ang mga suliraning kinakaharap ng ating barangay?

Answer:

“ Ang mga isyung kinakaharap ng ating barangay sa ngayon ay yung mga basura na

nasa kanluran, basta-basta na lamang tinatapon kung saan saan. Isa pa ay yung sa mga

kabataan, mga kabataang walang disiplina at mga nagloloko. Kahit sila ay nasisita at nahuhuli

na, kahit sila ay may record na, hindi parin sila marunong makinig at inuulit parin ang kanilang

ginagawa. Pagkaadik din ng mga kabataan sa sigarilyo o yosi at sa mga alak. Sanhi ng

pagkakaroon ng gulo at away sa mga kabataan. Siguro isa din sa problema sa ating barangay

ay pagkakaroon ng utang. Utang sa mga micro finances dahil sa kahirapan at pagkakaroon din

nila sa ibang tao. Nagiging bunga nito ay ang pagkakaroon ng usapin at pagpupulong.”NN

Activity 5: Research Questions

The researchers aim to propose an anti-smoking campaign that will keep the barangay a

smoke-free community. Specifically the researchers would like to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the present status of the community in term of smoking among aged 12-20 young

individuals?

2. What is the response of the barangay concerning this issue?

3. What will be the scheme of the proposed Anti-Smoking Campaign?

4. How will the Anti-Smoking Campaign eliminate the case smoking among youths of Barangay
Pook ng Kapitan and achieve a clean and healthy community?

Activity 6: Literature Review Matrix

Anti-Tobacco Internet Vital 2015 40% mean and 8.2 % of

Campaign in the https:// Strategies women in the Philippine

Philippines www.vitalstrategi Inc. Smoke Tobacco

Highlights Health es.org/anti-

Harms of Smoking tobacco-

and Second Hand campaign-in-the-

Smoke philippines-

highlights-health-

harms-of-

smoking/

Treatment of Internet Remedios 2009 DOH conducted a

Tobacco https:// Guirrero report that 28.3% (17.3

Dependence www.drugabuse. million) of the

gov/ population aged 15 y.o.

publications/ 47.6% (14.6 million) are

research- men while 9.0% (2.8

reports/tobacco- million) are women

nicotine-e-

cigarettes/what-

are-treatments-

tobacco-

dependence

Addressing the Internet B. Belle 2013 Tobacco kills 5 million

tobacco epidemic in https:// M. Antonio persons each year

the Philippines www.ncbi.nlm.ni worldwide

ratification of WHO articles/

FCTC PMC4463107/

List of References

1.) MD,E.P.B-J. (2019 September). Smoking. Nemours KidsHealth. Retrived from March 7,

2020, from https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/smoking.html

2.) Vital Strategies Inc., (2015, August 6). Anti-Tobacco Campaign in the Philippines Highlights

Health Harms of Smoking and Second-Hand Smoke. Tobacco Control. Retrieved from March

7, 2020 from https://www.vitalstrategies.org/anti-tobacco-campaign-in-the-philippines-highlights-

health-harms-of-smoking/

3.) Guerrero, R. (2020, January). What are treatments for tobacco dependence. Tobacco,

Nicotine, and E-Cigarettes. Retrieved from March 7,2020 from

https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/tobacco-nicotine-e-cigarettes/what-

are-treatments-tobacco-dependence

4.) Bellew, B. (2013, June 21). Addressing the tobacco epidemic in the Philippines: progress

since ratification of the WHO FCTC. Public Health Action. Retrieved from March 7, 2020 from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4463107/

5.) Global Bridges Org., (2012, April 24). Bakit Nagsisigarilyo ang mga Kabataan?. Healthcare

Alliance for Tobacco Dependence Treatment. Retrieved from March 10, 2020 from

https://globalbridges.org/tl/news/blog/2012/04/24/why-do-young-people-smoke/#.XmhJPagzbIU
6.) Respirology, S. (2003,March 3). Government Action to Reduce Smoking. US National

Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. Retrieved from March 10, 2020 from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12856736