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    Poultry Farming in India

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    Behera Rakesh
    This document discusses poultry farming in India. It covers why poultry farming is important, the strengths of the industry, and different rearing systems. Poultry farming provides employment and income, requires relatively small investments, and produces nutritious eggs and meat in high demand. Common rearing systems include extensive free-range, semi-intensive housing, and intensive control of environment. Proper care, feeding, disease prevention, and cleanliness are important for productive and healthy flocks.

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    Poultry Farming in India

    Uploaded by

    Behera Rakesh
    44 views7 pages
    This document discusses poultry farming in India. It covers why poultry farming is important, the strengths of the industry, and different rearing systems. Poultry farming provides employment and income, requires relatively small investments, and produces nutritious eggs and meat in high demand. Common rearing systems include extensive free-range, semi-intensive housing, and intensive control of environment. Proper care, feeding, disease prevention, and cleanliness are important for productive and healthy flocks.

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    This document discusses poultry farming in India. It covers why poultry farming is important, the strengths of the industry, and different rearing systems. Poultry farming provides employment and income, requires relatively small investments, and produces nutritious eggs and meat in high demand. Common rearing systems include extensive free-range, semi-intensive housing, and intensive control of environment. Proper care, feeding, disease prevention, and cleanliness are important for productive and healthy flocks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views7 pages

    Poultry Farming in India

    Uploaded by

    Behera Rakesh
    This document discusses poultry farming in India. It covers why poultry farming is important, the strengths of the industry, and different rearing systems. Poultry farming provides employment and income, requires relatively small investments, and produces nutritious eggs and meat in high demand. Common rearing systems include extensive free-range, semi-intensive housing, and intensive control of environment. Proper care, feeding, disease prevention, and cleanliness are important for productive and healthy flocks.

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    of 7

    LESSON 5: POULTRY FARMING IN INDIA

    STRUCTURE
    • Why poultry farming?
    • Strengths of poultry farming
    • System of rearing
    • Care and management of birds
    • Summary

    LEARNING OUTCOMES
    After going through this lesson, you will be able to:
    • Justify the need for poultry farming
    • Identify the strengths of poultry farming
    • List different methods of rearing
    • Describe the care and management of poultry birds

    Poultry Farming Growth


    • Poultry farming worldwide has transformed into a techno-commercial industry from
    the status of backyard farming since four decades. But, the scenario has changed from
    backyard farming into a commercial business.
    • Poultry farming is the fastest growing sector in agriculture and livestock farming
    business globally including India.
    • The annual growth rate is 8-10% in egg production and 10-12% in the broiler
    farming.
    WHY POULTRY FARMING?
    • Suitable for landless/marginal farmers - small scale or medium-scale depending upon
    the availability of infrastructure, inputs and finance.
    • Ideal for a great full/part time employment purpose
    • Ideal for students and women occupation - for production of egg and meat during the
    spare time.
    • Can run on a small scale
    • Subsidiary continuous income generation
    • Availability of high quality of productive local and foreign breeds
    • Producing high quality of protein as egg and poultry meat
    • Great demand of poultry products
    • Ideal for mixed farming with fish, paddy, and pig farming – popular in north-eastern
    states. Poultry farming is an integral part of mixed farming system in our country.
    • Nutritional security optimizer
    STRENGTHS OF POULTRY FARMING
    • Poultry farming requires minimum investment when reared on a small scale.
    However, for a large scale or commercial basis, it needs huge investment.
    • Less space for rearing when compared to other livestock species
    • Low cost effective feeds and vaccines – these two form the basic input for poultry
    farming which have significant effect on the profitability of farm.
    • Adequate Research and Development (R&D) support – since poultry farming is a
    complex job and many factors affects the productivity of birds.
    • Easy bank loan financing to poultry schemes – Most banks are encouraging farmers to
    have financial support in the form of loan. Both Central and state governments also
    support poultry farming in the form of many government schemes and subsidies.
    • Quick return of investment – For any farming, we need quick return. In poultry also,
    since the life span of the birds are limited, it is easy to take quick returns especially in
    terms of broilers wherein we get the returns within a maximum of 8 weeks. However,
    in layers, the investment is for a longer period where we have to require the birds for
    6 months without getting any return. But, after 6 months, we can get returns till 72
    weeks of age in the form of eggs.
    • Easy storage and marketing – is very important since egg and meat are perishable
    products.
    • Poultry manure - Excellent organic manure and rich in nutrients and can be used in
    agriculture fields.
    • Availability of large numbers of egg and poultry meat consumers
    • Egg and meat free from adulterants
    • Created a profitable business
    • Such a business that can never dry up

    Poultry Raising:
    Starting a commercial poultry farming in India is not an easy task. It needs a proper
    knowledge and on hand training by a poultry expert. Three systems of poultry farming in
    India.
    Extensive System or Free Range System
     The birds are left free outside and provided house or shelter only during night.
     No specific housing, equipment, feeding and for that matter, disease control measures
    are followed

    Semi intensive System


     A separate shelter or small house for the birds during the night and a run required
    under this system
     This shelter will be fenced all round giving sufficient area for the birds to graze
    during the day
     Supplementary feeding is also required
     Relatively cheaper than the intensive system
     Requires less manpower
     Needs low investment

    Semi-intensive system of housing

    Intensive System of Rearing:


    • About 74% of total poultry meat and 68% of total poultry eggs under intensive
    poultry farming method
    • A highly efficient system which saves, land, feed, labour and other resources and
    increases production
    • In this system, the environment is fully controlled by the farmer.
    • So, it ensures continuous production throughout the year in any environment and
    seasons.

    Intensive system
    Deep Litter System (Bare floor covered with saw dust):
    To avoid cleaning of the floor every day, material which can absorb moisture is spread on the
    floor before leaving the birds on it. The material which is spread to absorb moisture is called
    as “Litter material”. Most of the broilers in India are being reared under this system.
     Deep-litter keeps cool during summer and warm during winter.
     They can move freely, also adds to their comfort.
     Birds derive certain un-identified growth factors.
     There will be no incidence of swellings or damaged breast region in case of
    broilers.
     Usually, there will be no problem of ammonia accumulation and house-flies in a
    well-managed deep-litter flock.
     Incidence of broken eggs is very minimal.
     Initial investment is less when the land cost is low.
     Welfare requirements of the birds are taken care of.
    Battery Cage Farming
     Increase in cost of land and availability and wages of labour has made litter system
    costly. Therefore, an alternate system in which birds are totally restricted to
    meshwork compartments (cages) was introduced.
     This saves the cost of litter material, reduces labour requirement and building cost.
     Most of the layers are grown in cages all over the world.

    FARMING CARE AND MANAGEMENT


    • Provide them nutritious feed and clean water - For producing high quality animal
    protein in the form of egg or meat, the birds have to be fed with a scientifically
    balanced feed as per the requirements either in the form of concentrate mixture or in
    the form of mash or pellet feed.
    • Clean their house on a regular basis. Suppose the birds are reared in deep litter
    system, continuous raking of the bedding material is required so that the litter may not
    get wet or moist and converted into a cake due to excretion of bird droppings.
    • Always take good care of your birds.
    • Learn more about various types of poultry diseases, symptoms, and treatment. Always
    consult veterinary doctor or poultry experts for identification and treatment of
    diseases. It is essential give proper medicine at the right time to avoid spreading of
    diseases as the disease can be easily spread from one bird to the another which may
    result in affecting the entire flock within no time. Majority of viral and bacterial
    diseases, once affects the flock, we have to provide medicine. Medicines are also
    given at a prophylactic dose to prevent occurrence of disease.
    • Vaccinate the birds timely. Following regular vaccination schedule will help in
    preventing occurrence of many viral and bacterial diseases.
    • Strict hygiene, proper sanitation and biosecurity measures is required for prevention
    of diseases.
    SUMMARY
    • Poultry farming carries several benefits over other agri-business. It is a very profitable
    enterprise and you can opt this business for egg or meat production which can give
    continuous income and also help in employment generation. It can be in the form of
    part-time or full-time employment by setting up of your own farm or serving in some
    farms.
    • Relatively requiring less investment
    • Generating continuous income
    • Can be opted for part time or full employment
    • Producing nutritious egg and meat to human beings

    REFERENCES
    http://www.agrifarming.in/poultry-farming-guide-beginners/
    www.agritech.tnau.ac.in/animal_husbandry/ani_chik_poultry rearing.html
    http://www.elearnvet.net/moodle/mod/resource/view.php?id=8315
    http://www.elearnvet.net/moodle/file.php/32/Articulate/1.Indian_poultry_industry/player.htm
    l
    http://www.roysfarm.com/poultry-farming-in-india/
    http://www.indianmirror.com/indian-industries/poultry.html
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbACrZMRvgw
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuqYKdFhcB0
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJBjFE-2RA8
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpiIPkhfMwE
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pcgou-l2X1w
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DwG_MUeUFn4
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0i0j6NSW56E

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