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UGNA3023 Applied Hydraulics Tutorial 3: Flow Past Structure

This document discusses flow past structures in open channels. It examines: 1) Uniform flow in a long channel without structures. It calculates flow properties for a given discharge and geometry. 2) Flow past a weir, calculating changes when round-crested weirs of different heights are placed in the channel. 3) Flow past a sluice gate, drawing expected free surface profiles for flows where the gate opening is less than or greater than the critical depth, and calculating downstream depth.

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94 views2 pages

UGNA3023 Applied Hydraulics Tutorial 3: Flow Past Structure

This document discusses flow past structures in open channels. It examines: 1) Uniform flow in a long channel without structures. It calculates flow properties for a given discharge and geometry. 2) Flow past a weir, calculating changes when round-crested weirs of different heights are placed in the channel. 3) Flow past a sluice gate, drawing expected free surface profiles for flows where the gate opening is less than or greater than the critical depth, and calculating downstream depth.

Uploaded by

木辛耳总
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UGNA3023 Applied Hydraulics Tutorial 3

Flow past structure


1. Flow without structure – uniform flow.
In a long open channel of constant cross
section and slope or far away from cross
section changes and obstructions, the flow V h
develops to become uniform with constant n = 0.03
depth and the velocity. Consider a long
Sb=0.001
and wide channel of slope Sb=0.001 and the
Figure 1.
roughness coefficient n=0.03.
(a) If the discharge q per unit width of the channel is known to be 10 m2/s, what are the
flow depth h and the average velocity V ?
(b) If the flow depth h is 4m, what are the average velocity V and the discharge q per unit
width?
(c) For either of (a) or (b), what is the critical depth hc and the Froude number
Fr=V/(gh)1/2 ?
(d) Tell if the flow is subcritical or supercritical and if this slope steep or mild.
(e) If the channel is a rectangular or other shapes rather than wide channel how do the
answers to (a) and (c) change?

2. Flow past a weir


Consider when a weir is placed in the flow
considered in Prob 1. The change of the flow can be
estimated from the Gradually-varied flow equation Figure 2.
and/or the specific energy relation.
(a) Find how the flow changes when a round-crested
weir of height x=0.5m is placed across the channel.

(b) Repeat question (a) when a round crested weir of height x=1.0 m is placed across the
channel.

(c) Repeat question (a) and (b) when the slope is Sb=0.003 instead of 0.001?
3. Flow past a gate
Consider the same flow as in problem 1.
Now a sluice gate is placed from above q

with an opening of x. Sluice gates are


x y2
used to control the flow rate but here
assume the same discharge of q=10m2/s
as in Prob.1 is flowing.

(a) Draw the expected shape of the free


surface when x<hc

(b) Draw the expected shape of the free surface when x>hc.

(c) Obtain the depth y2 downstream of the gate when x<hc.

(d) Sketch the flow downstream of the gate if x>hc.

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