USER GUIDE

Trimble BD982
GNSS Receiver Module

Version 4.85
Revision B 1
October 2014
Corporate Office during the warranty period, Trimble will repair OR replace the
nonconforming Product with new, equivalent to new, or reconditioned
Trimble Navigation Limited parts or Product, OR refund the Product purchase price paid by you, at
Integrated Technologies Trimble’s option, upon your return of the Product in accordance with
510 DeGuigne Drive Trimble's product return procedures then in effect.
Sunnyvale, CA 94085
USA How to Obtain Warranty Service
www.trimble.com/gnss-inertial
To obtain warranty service for the Product, please contact your local
Email: [email protected] Trimble authorized dealer. Alternatively, you may contact Trimble to
Legal Notices request warranty service by e-mailing your request to
[email protected] . Please be prepared to provide:
© 2006–2014, Trimble Navigation Limited. All rights reserved. – your name, address, and telephone numbers
Trimble and the Globe & Triangle logo are trademarks of Trimble – proof of purchase
Navigation Limited, registered in the United States and in other – a copy of this Trimble warranty
countries. CMR+, EVEREST, Maxwell, and Zephyr are trademarks of – a description of the nonconforming Product including the model
Trimble Navigation Limited. number
Microsoft, Internet Explorer, Windows, and Windows Vista are either – an explanation of the problem
registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the The customer service representative may need additional information
United States and/or other countries. from you depending on the nature of the problem.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Support for Galileo is developed under a license of the European Union Warranty Exclusions or Disclaimer
and the European Space Agency This Product limited warranty shall only apply in the event and to the
(BD910/BD920/BD930/BD970/BD982/BX982). extent that (a) the Product is properly and correctly installed, configured,
Release Notice interfaced, maintained, stored, and operated in accordance with
Trimble's applicable operator's manual and specifications, and; (b) the
This is the October 2014 release (Revision B) of the BD982 GNSS Product is not modified or misused. This Product limited warranty shall
Receiver Module User Guide. It applies to version 4.85 of the receiver not apply to, and Trimble shall not be responsible for, defects or
firmware. performance problems resulting from (i) the combination or utilization of
LIMITED WARRANTY TERMS AND CONDITIONS the Product with hardware or software products, information, data,
systems, interfaces, or devices not made, supplied, or specified by
Product Limited Warranty Trimble; (ii) the operation of the Product under any specification other
than, or in addition to, Trimble's standard specifications for its products;
Subject to the following terms and conditions, Trimble Navigation (iii) the unauthorized installation, modification, or use of the Product; (iv)
Limited (“Trimble”) warrants that for a period of one (1) year from date damage caused by: accident, lightning or other electrical discharge, fresh
of purchase unless otherwise specified, this Trimble product (the or salt water immersion or spray (outside of Product specifications); or
“Product”) will substantially conform to Trimble's publicly available exposure to environmental conditions for which the Product is not
specifications for the Product and that the hardware and any storage intended; (v) normal wear and tear on consumable parts (e.g.,
media components of the Product will be substantially free from defects batteries); or (vi) cosmetic damage. Trimble does not warrant or
in materials and workmanship. guarantee the results obtained through the use of the Product, or that
software components will operate error free.
Product Software
NOTICE REGARDING PRODUCTS EQUIPPED WITH TECHNOLOGY CAPABLE OF
Product software, whether built into hardware circuitry as firmware, TRACKING SATELLITE SIGNALS FROM SATELLITE BASED AUGMENTATION
provided as a standalone computer software product, embedded in flash SYSTEMS (SBAS) (WAAS/ EGNOS, AND MSAS), OMNISTAR, GPS, MODERNIZED
memory, or stored on magnetic or other media, is licensed solely for use
GPS OR GLONASS SATELLITES, OR FROM IALA BEACON SOURCES: TRIMBLE IS
with or as an integral part of the Product and is not sold. If accompanied
NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OPERATION OR FAILURE OF OPERATION OF ANY
by a separate end user license agreement (“EULA”), use of any such
software will be subject to the terms of such end user license agreement SATELLITE BASED POSITIONING SYSTEM OR THE AVAILABILITY OF ANY
(including any differing limited warranty terms, exclusions, and SATELLITE BASED POSITIONING SIGNALS.
limitations), which shall control over the terms and conditions set forth in THE FOREGOING LIMITED WARRANTY TERMS STATE TRIMBLE’S ENTIRE LIABILITY, AND
this limited warranty. YOUR EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES , RELATING TO THE TRIMBLE PRODUCT. EXCEPT AS
OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, THE PRODUCT, AND ACCOMPANYING
Software Fixes DOCUMENTATION AND MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS -IS ” AND WITHOUT EXPRESS
During the limited warranty period you will be entitled to receive such OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, BY EITHER TRIMBLE OR ANYONE WHO HAS BEEN
Fixes to the Product software that Trimble releases and makes INVOLVED IN ITS CREATION, PRODUCTION, INSTALLATION, OR DISTRIBUTION,
commercially available and for which it does not charge separately, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
subject to the procedures for delivery to purchasers of Trimble products AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, AND NONINFRINGEMENT. THE
generally. If you have purchased the Product from an authorized STATED EXPRESS WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITIES ON
Trimble dealer rather than from Trimble directly, Trimble may, at its THE PART OF TRIMBLE ARISING OUT OF , OR IN CONNECTION WITH, ANY PRODUCT.
option, forward the software Fix to the Trimble dealer for final BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON
distribution to you. Minor Updates, Major Upgrades, new products, or DURATION OR THE EXCLUSION OF AN IMPLIED WARRANTY, THE ABOVE LIMITATION
substantially new software releases, as identified by Trimble, are MAY NOT APPLY OR FULLY APPLY TO YOU.
expressly excluded from this update process and limited warranty.
Receipt of software Fixes or other enhancements shall not serve to
Limitation of Liability
extend the limited warranty period. TRIMBLE'S ENTIRE LIABILITY UNDER ANY PROVISION HEREIN SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE
For purposes of this warranty the following definitions shall apply: (1) AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE PRODUCT. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY
“Fix(es)” means an error correction or other update created to fix a APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL TRIMBLE OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
previous software version that does not substantially conform to its INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGE WHATSOEVER UNDER
Trimble specifications; (2) “Minor Update” occurs when enhancements ANY CIRCUMSTANCE OR LEGAL THEORY RELATING IN ANYWAY TO THE PRODUCTS ,
are made to current features in a software program; and (3) “Major SOFTWARE AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION AND MATERIALS , (INCLUDING,
Upgrade” occurs when significant new features are added to software, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS , BUSINESS
or when a new product containing new features replaces the further INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF DATA , OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS ), REGARDLESS OF
development of a current product line. Trimble reserves the right to WHETHER TRIMBLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH LOSS AND
determine, in its sole discretion, what constitutes a Fix, Minor Update, or REGARDLESS OF THE COURSE OF DEALING WHICH DEVELOPS OR HAS DEVELOPED
Major Upgrade. BETWEEN YOU AND TRIMBLE. BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT
ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR
Warranty Remedies INCIDENTAL DAMAGES , THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY OR FULLY APPLY TO
If the Trimble Product fails during the warranty period for reasons YOU.
covered by this limited warranty and you notify Trimble of such failure

2 BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide

PLEASE NOTE: THE ABOVE TRIMBLE LIMITED WARRANTY PROVISIONS WILL
NOT APPLY TO PRODUCTS PURCHASED IN THOSE JURISDICTIONS (E.G.,
MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA) IN WHICH PRODUCT
WARRANTIES ARE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE LOCAL TRIMBLE AUTHORIZED
DEALER FROM WHOM THE PRODUCTS ARE ACQUIRED. IN SUCH A CASE,
PLEASE CONTACT YOUR LOCAL TRIMBLE AUTHORIZED DEALER FOR
APPLICABLE WARRANTY INFORMATION .

Official Language
THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS IS ENGLISH. IN THE
EVENT OF A CONFLICT BETWEEN ENGLISH AND OTHER LANGUAGE VERSIONS , THE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE SHALL CONTROL.

COCOM limits
This notice applies to the BD910, BD920, BD920-W, BD920-W3G, BD930,
BD930-UHF, BD960, BD970, BD982, BX960, BX960-2, and BX982
receivers.
The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS
products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used in
a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The
following limitations are implemented on this product:
– Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is
disabled when the receiver velocity is computed to be greater than
1,000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The
receiver GPS subsystem resets until the COCOM situation clears. As a
result, all logging and stream configurations stop until the GPS
subsystem is cleared.
Restriction of Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical
and Electronic Equipment (RoHS)
Trimble products in this guide comply in all material respects with
DIRECTIVE 2002/95/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE
COUNCIL of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain
hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS
Directive) and Amendment 2005/618/EC filed under C(2005) 3143, with
exemptions for lead in solder pursuant to Paragraph 7 of the Annex to
the RoHS Directive applied.
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)
For product recycling instructions and more information,
please go to www.trimble.com/ev.shtml.
Recycling in Europe: To recycle Trimble WEEE (Waste
Electrical and Electronic Equipment, products that run on
electrical power.), Call +31 497 53 24 30, and ask for the
“WEEE Associate”. Or, mail a request for recycling instructions to:
Trimble Europe BV
c/o Menlo Worldwide Logistics
Meerheide 45
5521 DZ Eersel, NL

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 3

Contents

1 Introduction 6
About the BD982 GNSS receiver 7
BD982 features 8
Default settings 10
Technical support 11

2 Specifications 12
Performance specifications 13
Physical specifications 14
Electrical specifications 14
Environmental specifications 15
Communication specifications 15
Receiver drawings 16
Plan view 16
Edge view 17

3 Electrical System Integration 18

BD982 receiver pinouts 19
40-pin header 19
1PPS and ASCII time tag 22
ASCII time tag 23
Power input 24
Antenna power output 25
LED control lines 25
Power switch and reset 26
Event 26
Ethernet 28
Ethernet routing 28
Serial port 31
USB 32
USB OTG reference design 32
USB host-only reference design 33
USB device-only reference design 33
CAN 35

4 Installation 36
Unpacking and inspecting the shipment 37
Shipment carton contents 37
Reporting shipping problems 37
Installation guidelines 37
Considering environmental conditions 37

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 4

Contents

Supported antennas 37
Mounting the antennas 38
Sources of electrical interference 38
Interface board evaluation kit 39
Routing and connecting the antenna cable 41
LED functionality and operation 42

Troubleshooting receiver issues 44

 
Glossary 46

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 5

 CHAPTER
1
Introduction

In this chapter:
This manual describes how to set up and use the
n About the BD982 GNSS receiver Trimble BD982 GNSS receiver module. The BD982
receiver uses advanced navigation architecture to
n BD982 features achieve real-time centimeter accuracies with
n Default settings minimal latencies.
n Technical support Even if you have used other GNSS or GPS products
before, Trimble recommends that you spend
some time reading this manual to learn about the
special features of this product. If you are not
familiar with GNSS or GPS, visit the Trimble website
(www.trimble.com).

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 6

1 Introduction

About the BD982 GNSS receiver

The receiver is used for a wide range of precise positioning and navigation applications. These uses
include unmanned vehicles and port and terminal equipment automation, and any other
application requiring reliable, centimeter-level positioning at a high update rate and low latency.
The receiver offers centimeter-level accuracy based on carrier phase RTK and submeter accuracy
code-based solutions.
Automatic initialization and switching between positioning modes allow for the best position
solutions possible. Low latency (less than 20 msec) and high update rates give the response time
and accuracy required for precise dynamic applications.
You can configure the receiver as an autonomous base station (sometimes called a reference
station) or as a rover receiver (sometimes called a mobile receiver). Streamed outputs from the
receiver provide detailed information, including the time, position, heading, quality assurance
(figure of merit) numbers, and the number of tracked satellites. The receiver also outputs a one
pulse per second (1 PPS) strobe signal which lets remote devices precisely synchronize time.
Designed for reliable operation in all environments, the receiver provides a positioning interface to
an office computer, external processing device, or control system. The receiver can be controlled
through a serial, ethernet, USB, or CAN port using binary interface commands or the web interface.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 7

1 Introduction

BD982 features
l Position antenna based a on 220-channel Trimble Maxwell™ 6 chip:
l GPS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L2E, L2C, L5
l GLONASS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L1 P, L2 C/A L2 P
l SBAS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L5
l GALILEO: Simultaneous L1 BOC, E5A, E5B, E5AltBOC
l BeiDou: Simultaneous B1, B2
l QZSS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L1 SAIF, L2C, L5
l L-Band OmniSTAR VBS, HP, and XP
l Vector antenna based on a second 220-channel Maxwell 6 chip:
l GPS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L2E, L2C
l GLONASS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L1 P, L2 C/A, L2 P
l BeiDou: Simultaneous B1
l Advanced Trimble Maxwell Custom Survey GNSS Technology
l Very low noise GNSS carrier phase measurements with <1 mm precision in a 1 Hz bandwidth
l Proven Trimble low elevation tracking technology
l 1 USB port
l 1 CAN port
l 1 LAN Ethernet port:
l Supports links to 10BaseT/100BaseT networks
l All functions are performed through a single IP address simultaneously—including web
interface access and raw data streaming
l Network Protocols supported:
l HTTP (web GUI)
l NTP Server
l NMEA, GSOF, CMR, and so on over TCP/IP or UDP
l NTripCaster, NTripServer, NTripClient
l mDNS/UPnP Service discovery
l Dynamic DNS
l Email alerts
l Network link to Google Earth
l Support for external modems through PPP
l 4 × RS-232 ports (baud rates up to 460,800)

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 8

1 Introduction

l 1 Hz, 2 Hz, 5 Hz, 10 Hz, 20, and 50 Hz positioning and heading outputs (depending on the
installed option)
l Up to 50 Hz raw measurement and position outputs
l Correction inputs/outputs: CMR, CMR+™, sCMRx, RTCM 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.0. Note:
l The functionality to input or output any of these corrections depends on the installed
options.
l Different manufacturers may have established different packet structures for their
correction messages. Thus, the BD9xx receivers may not receive corrections from other
manufacturers receivers, and other manufacturers receivers may not be able to receive
corrections from BD9xx receivers.
l Navigation outputs:
l ASCII: NMEA-0183: GBS; GGA; GLL; GNS; GRS; GSA; GST; GSV; HDT; LLQ; PTNL,AVR;
PTNL,BPQ; PTNL,DG; PFUGDP; DTM; PTNL,GGK; PTNL,PJK; PTNL,PJT; PTNL,VGK; PTNL,VHD;
RMC; ROT; VTG; ZDA.
l Binary: Trimble GSOF.
l Control software: HTML Web browser (Google Chrome (recommended), Internet Explorer®,
Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Opera)
l 1 Pulse Per Second Output
l Event Marker Input Support
l LED drive support

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 9

1 Introduction

Default settings
All settings are stored in application files. The default application file, Default.cfg, is stored
permanently in the receiver, and contains the factory default settings. Whenever the receiver is
reset to its factory defaults, the current settings (stored in the current application file, Current.cfg)
are reset to the values in the default application file.
These settings are defined in the default application file.

Function Settings Factory default

SV Enable - All SVs enabled
General Controls Elevation mask 10°
PDOP mask 99
RTK positioning mode Low Latency
Motion Kinematic
Ports Baud rate 38,400
Format 8-None-1
Flow control None
Input Setup Station Any
NMEA/ASCII (all supported messages) All ports Off
Streamed Output All types Off
Offset=00
RT17/Binary All ports Off
Reference Position Latitude 0°
Longitude 0°
Altitude 0.00 m HAE
Antenna Type Unknown
Height (true vertical) 0.00 m
Measurement method Antenna Phase Center
1PPS Disabled

If a factory reset is performed, the above defaults are applied to the receiver. The receiver also
returns to a DHCP mode, and security is enabled (with a default login of “admin” and the password
of “password”). To perform a factory reset:

l From the web interface, select Receiver Configuration / Reset and then clear the Clear All
Receiver Settings option.
l Send the Command 58h with a 03h reset value.
l Use the Configuration Toolbox utility and from the Communications menu, select Reset
Receiver. Select both the Erase Battery-Backed RAM and Erase File System options.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 10

1 Introduction

Technical support
If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation,
send an email to [email protected].
Documentation, firmware, and software updates are available at: www.trimble.com/gnss-
inertial/GNSS-Positioning-and-Heading-Systems.aspx.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 11

 CHAPTER
2
Specifications

In this chapter:
This chapter details the specifications for the
n Performance specifications receiver.

n Physical specifications Specifications are subject to change without

notice.
n Electrical specifications
n Environmental specifications
n Communication specifications
n Receiver drawings

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 12

2 Specifications

Performance specifications
Feature Specification
Measurements l Position antenna based on a 220-channel Maxwell 6 chip:
l GPS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L2E, L2C, L5
l GLONASS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L1 P, L2 C/A (GLONASS M Only), L2
P
l SBAS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L5
l GALILEO: Simultaneous L1 BOC, E5A, E5B, E5AltBOC
l BeiDou: Simultaneous B1, B2
l QZSS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L1 SAIF, L2C, L5
l L-Band OmniSTAR VBS, HP, and XP
l Vector antenna based on a second 220-channel Maxwell 6 chip:
l GPS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L2E, L2C
l GLONASS: Simultaneous L1 C/A, L1 P, L2 C/A, L2 P
l BeiDou: Simultaneous B1
l Advanced Trimble Maxwell 6 Custom Survey GNSS Technology
l High precision multiple correlator for GNSS pseudorange measurements
l Unfiltered, unsmoothed pseudorange measurements data for low noise,
low multipath error, low time domain correlation and high dynamic
response
l Very low noise GNSS carrier phase measurements with <1 mm precision
in a 1 Hz bandwidth
l Signal-to-Noise ratios reported in dB-Hz
Proven Trimble low elevation tracking technology
l

Code differential GPS 0.25 m + 1 ppm Horizontal

positioning accuracy1 0.50 m + 1 ppm Vertical
SBAS accuracy2 <5 m 3DRMS
RTK positioning Horizontal: ±(8 mm + 1 ppm) RMS
accuracy Vertical: ±(15 mm + 1 ppm) RMS
(<30 km) Heading: 2 m baseline <0.09°; 10 m baseline <0.05°
Initialization time Typically, less than 10 seconds

1Accuracy and reliability may be subject to anomalies such as multipath, obstructions, satellite geometry, and atmospheric conditions. Always follow

recommended practices.
2Depends on WAAS, EGNOS, and MSAS system performance.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 13

2 Specifications

Feature Specification
Initialization Typically >99.9%
reliability1

Physical specifications
Feature Specification
Dimensions (L x W x H) 100 mm x 84.9 mm x 11.6 mm
Vibration MIL810F, tailored
Random 6.2 gRMS operating
Random 8 gRMS survival
Mechanical shock MIL810D
±40 g operating
±75 g survival
I/O connector 40-pin header (Samtec TMM-120-03-L-D) (Rated for 1000 cycles)
Antenna connector 2 x MMCX receptacle (Huber-Suhner 82MMCX-50-0-1/111) (Rated
for 500 cycles);
mating connectors are MMCX plug (Suhner 11MMCX-50-2-1C) or
right-angle plug (Suhner 16MMCX-50-2-1C, or 16MMCX-50-2-10)

Electrical specifications
Feature Specification
Voltage 3.3 V DC +5%/-3%
Power Typically, 2.1 W (L1/L2 GPS)
consumption Typically, 2.2 W (L1/L2 GPS and G1/G2 GLONASS)
Typically, 3.1 W (L1/L2/L5 GPS, G1/G2 GLONASS, B1/B2 BeiDou, L1/E5 Galileo)
Typically, 3.4 W (L1/L2/L5 GPS, G1/G2 GLONASS, B1/B2 BeiDou, L1/E5 Galileo,
OmniSTAR/SPOT)
Note – These values were characterized using v4.84 firmware.
Minimum 32.5 dB
required Note – This receiver is designed to operate with the Zephyr Model 2 antenna which has a
LNA gain gain of 50 dB. Higher-gain antennas have not been tested.

1May be affected by atmospheric conditions, signal multipath, and satellite geometry. Initialization reliability is continuously monitored to ensure highest

quality.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 14

2 Specifications

Environmental specifications
Feature Specification
Temperature Operating: -40°C to 75°C (-40°F to 167°F)
Storage: -55°C to 85°C (-67°F to 185°F)
Vibration MIL810F, tailored
Random 6.2 gRMS operating
Random 8 gRMS survival
Mechanical shock MIL810D
+/- 40 g operating
+/- 75 g survival
Operating humidity 5% to 95% R.H. non-condensing, at +60°C (140°F)

Communication specifications
Feature Specification
Communications 1 LAN port l Supports links to 10BaseT/100BaseT
networks.
l All functions are performed through a single
IP address simultaneously – including web
interface access and data streaming.
4 x RS-232 ports Baud rates up to 460,800
1 USB 2.0 port
Receiver position update rate 1 Hz, 2 Hz, 5 Hz, 10 Hz, 20 Hz and 50 Hz positioning
Correction data input CMR, CMR+™, sCMRx, RTCM 2.0–2.3, RTCM 3.0, 3.1
Correction data output CMR, CMR+, sCMRx, RTCM 2.0 DGPS (select RTCM 2.1), RTCM 2.1–
2.3, RTCM 3.0
Data outputs 1PPS, NMEA, Binary GSOF, ASCII Time Tags

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 15

2 Specifications

Receiver drawings
The following drawings show the dimensions of the BD982 receiver. Refer to these drawings if you
need to build mounting brackets and housings for the receiver.
Dimensions are shown in millimeters (mm).

Plan view
❶ Primary/position antenna ❷ Secondary/vector antenna

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 16

2 Specifications

Edge view

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 17

 CHAPTER
3
Electrical System Integration

In this chapter:

n BD982 receiver pinouts

n 1PPS and ASCII time tag
n ASCII time tag
n Power input
n Antenna power output
n LED control lines
n Power switch and reset
n Event
n Ethernet
n Serial port
n USB
n CAN

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 18

3 Electrical System Integration

BD982 receiver pinouts

40-pin header
The 40-pin header (J1) has the following pinouts:

Pin Signal Description Integration notes

name
1 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
2 RTK LED RTK LED. Flashes when an RTK When used to drive an LED, a series resistor
correction is present. This is similar to
with a typical value of 300 Ohms is required.
all BD9xx products, except for the This pin supplies a maximum current of 4mA
requirement for an external resistor. For LEDs with Vf above 2.7 or current excess
of 4mA, an external buffer is required.
3 POWER_ Powers the unit on and off. Drive high with a 3.3 V to turn off, leave
OFF floating or ground to keep the unit on.
Integrators should not drive TTL signals when
the unit is not powered.
4 PPS Pulse Per Second This is 3.3 V TTL level, 4mA max drive
(Pulse Per capability. To drive 50 load to ground, an
Second) external buffer is required.
5 VCC Input VCC Input DC Card power (3.3 V only) VCC Input DC Card power (3.3 V only)
DC Card
Power
6 VCC Input VCC Input DC Card power (3.3 V only) VCC Input DC Card power (3.3 V only)
DC Card
Power
7 Event2, Event2 – Event input MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE and TTL level.
CAN1_Rx CAN1_Rx - CAN Receive line Connect Event2 to a TTL level signal to use as
and Event.
COM3_Rx COM3_Rx – COM3 Receive line
Connect CAN1_Rx to RX line of a CAN driver
to use as CAN.
Connect COM3_Rx to a transceiver if RS-232
level is required.
8 Event1 Event1 – Input Event1 (must be 3.3 V TTL level)
9 Power POWER Indicator. High when unit is When used to drive an LED, a series resistor
LED on, low when off. This is similar to all with a typical value of 300 Ohms is required.
BD9xx products, except for the This pin supplies a maximum current of 4mA
requirement for an external resistor. For LEDs with Vf above 2.7 or current excess
This allows user to use this as a control of 4mA, an external buffer is required.
line.
10 Satellite Satellite LED. Rapid flash indicates <5 When used to drive an LED, a series resistor

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 19

3 Electrical System Integration

Pin Signal Description Integration notes

name
LED satellites. Slow flash indicates >5 with a typical value of 300 Ohms is required.
satellites. This pin supplies a maximum current of 4mA
For LEDs with Vf above 2.7 or current excess
of 4mA, an external buffer is required.
11 COM2_ COM2 Clear to Send – TTL Level Connect COM2_CTS to a transceiver if RS-232
CTS level is required.
12 RESET_IN RESET_IN – ground to reset Drive low to reset the unit. Otherwise, leave
unconnected.
13 COM2_ COM 2 Request to Send – TTL Level Request to Send for COM 2 connect to a
RTS transceiver if RS-232 level is required.
14 COM2_Rx COM 2 Receive Data – TTL Level Connect COM2_RX to a transceiver if RS-232
level is required.
15 NO Reserved
CONNECT
16 COM2_Tx COM 2 Transmit Data – TTL Level Connect COM2_TX to a transceiver if RS-232
level is required
17 NO Reserved
CONNECT
18 COM1_Rx COM 1 Receive Data – RS-232 Level
19 CAN1_Tx CAN1_Tx - CAN Transmit line COM3_Tx MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE and TTL level.
and – Connect CAN1_Tx to TX line of a CAN driver to
COM3_Tx COM3 Transmit line use as CAN.
Connect COM3_Tx to a transceiver if RS-232
level is required.
20 COM1_Tx COM 1 Transmit Data – RS-232 Level
21 USB D (-) USB D (-) Bi-directional USB interface USB data for OTG mode (device and host).
data (-)
22 USB D (+) USB D (+) Bi-directional USB interface USB data for OTG mode (device and host).
data (+)
23 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
24 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
25 USB ID USB OTG ID Driving a low level puts unit into USB host
mode. High level or no-connect puts unit in
device mode. Pull-up is on unit and not
required for integration.
26 USB Vbus USB Vbus In USB device operation, Vbus is only used
for detection. In USB host mode, the unit
supplies power per USB spec (500 mA at 5 V
max).

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 20

3 Electrical System Integration

Pin Signal Description Integration notes

name
27 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
28 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
29 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
30 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
31 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
32 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
33 ETH_TD+ Ethernet Transmit. Positive side of Connect straight to Ethernet connector.
differential pair. Magnetics are on-board unit.
34 ETH_RD+ Ethernet Receive. Positive side of Connect straight to Ethernet connector.
differential pair. Magnetics are on-board unit.
35 ETH_TD- Ethernet Transmit. Negative side of Connect straight to Ethernet connector.
differential pair. Magnetics are on-board unit.
36 ETH_RD- Ethernet Receive. Negative side of Connect straight to Ethernet connector.
differential pair. Magnetics are on-board unit.
37 COM4_Rx COM 4 Receive data – RS-232 level –
38 COM4_Tx COM 4 Transmit data – RS-232 level –
39 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground
40 GND Ground Digital ground Ground Digital ground

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 21

3 Electrical System Integration

1PPS and ASCII time tag

The receiver can output a 1 pulse-per-second (1PPS) time strobe and an associated time tag
message. The time tags are output on a user-selected port.
The leading edge of the pulse coincides with the beginning of each UTC second. The pulse is driven
between nominal levels of 0.0 V and 3.3 V (see below). The leading edge is positive (rising from 0 V to
3.3 V). The receiver PPS out is a 3.3 V TTL level with a maximum source/sink current of 4 mA. If the
system requires a voltage level or current source/sink level beyond these levels, you must have an
external buffer. This line has ESD protection.
The illustration below shows the time tag relation to 1PPS wave form:

The pulse is about 8 microseconds wide, with rise and fall times of about 100 nsec. Resolution is
approximately 40 nsec, where the 40 nsec resolution means that the PPS shifting mechanism in the
receiver can align the PPS to UTC/GPS time only within +/- 20 nsec, but the following external factor
limits accuracy to approximately ±1 microsecond:
l Antenna cable length
Each meter of cable adds a delay of about 2 nsec to satellite signals, and a corresponding delay
in the 1PPS pulse.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 22

3 Electrical System Integration

ASCII time tag

Each time tag is output about 0.5 second before the corresponding pulse. Time tags are in ASCII
format on a user-selected serial port. The format of a time tag is:
UTC yy.mm.dd hh:mm:ss ab
Where:

l UTC is fixed text.

l yy.mm.dd is the year, month, and date.
l hh:mm:ss is the hour (on a 24-hour clock), minute, and second. The time is in UTC, not GPS.
l a is an integer number representing the position-fix type:
1 = time solution only
2 = 1D position and time solution
3 = currently unused
4 = 2D position and time solution
5 = 3D position and time solution
l b is the number of GNSS satellites being tracked. If the receiver is tracking 9 or more satellites, b
will always be displayed as 9.
l Each time tag is terminated by a carriage return, line feed sequence. A typical printout looks
like:
UTC 02.12.21 20:21:16 56
UTC 02.12.21 20:21:17 56
UTC 02.12.21 20:21:18 56

Note – If the receiver is not tracking satellites, the time tag is based on the receiver clock. In this
case, a and b are represented by “??”. The time readings from the receiver clock are less accurate
than time readings determined from the satellite signals.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 23

3 Electrical System Integration

Power input
Item Description
Power requirement The unit operates at 3.3 V +5%/-3%.
The 3.3 V should be able to supply 2 A of surge current.

Additional integration notes —

1) To fully protect against the unit resetting while shorting any antenna
output, Trimble recommends that the 3.3 V input be rated at least 3.5 A.
Power supplies under 3.5 A will lead to the 3.3 V rail drooping, triggering a
reset to the system.
2) Worst case operation requires a 3 A supply. Worst case operation is
defined as: both antennas supplying 5 V at 100 mA, USB supplying 5 V at
250 mA, and actively using all RF bands.
The typical power consumption based on band usage is:
l L1/L2 = 2.08 W
l L1/L2/G1/G2 = 2.24 W
l L1/L2/G1/G2/SBAS = 2.27 W
l L1/L2/G1/G2/SBAS/L5 = 2.54 W
l L1/L2/G1/G2/SBAS/L5/Galileo= 2.79 W
l L1/L2/G1/G2/SBAS/L5/Galileo + Omnistar = 3.10 W

Power switch Pin 3 is an optional power-off pin. When driven high with 3.3V, the receiver
is powered off. This unit can be left floating or ground to keep the unit on.
System integrators should not drive TTL signals when unit is not powered..
Over-voltage The absolute maximum voltage is 3.6V.
protection
Under-voltage The absolute minimum voltage is 3.2 V below nominal.
protection
Reverse voltage The unit is protected down to -3.6 V.
protection

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 24

3 Electrical System Integration

Antenna power output

Item Description
Power output The antenna supplies 100 mA at 5 V.
specification
Short-circuit protection The unit has an over-current / short circuit protection. Short circuits may
cause the unit to reset.

LED control lines

Item Description
Driving LEDs The outputs are 3.3V TTL level with a maximum source/sink current of 4mA.
An external series resistor must be used to limit the current. The value of
the series resistor in Ohms is determined by:
(3.3-Vf)/(If) > Rs > (3.3 V - Vf)/(.004)
Rs = Series resistor
If = LED forward current, max typical If of the LED should be less than 3mA
Vf = LED forward voltage, max typical Vf of the LED should be less than 2.7V
Most LEDs can be driven directly as shown in the circuit below:

LEDs that do not meet If and Vf specification must be driven with a buffer to
ensure proper voltage level and source/sink current.
Power LED This active-high line indicates that the unit is powered on.
Satellite LED This active-high line indicates that the unit has acquired satellites.
A rapid flash indicates that the unit has less than 5 satellites acquired while a
slow flash indicates greater than 5 satellites acquired. This line will stay on if
the unit is in monitor mode.
RTK Correction A slow flash indicates that the unit is receiving corrections. This will also flash
when the unit is in monitor mode.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 25

3 Electrical System Integration

Power switch and reset

Item Description
Power switch The integrator may choose to power on or power off the unit. If a 3.3 V
level signal is applied to pin 3, Power_Off pin, the unit will disconnect VCC.
The system integrator must ensure that other TTL level pins remain
unpowered when Power_Off is asserted. Powering TTL-level pins while the
unit is powered off will cause excessive leakage current to be sinked by the
unit.
The integrator may choose to always have the unit powered on. This is
accomplished by leaving the Power_Off pin floating or grounded.
Reset switch Driving Reset_IN_L, Pin 12, low will cause the unit to reset. The unit will
remain reset at least 140 mS after the Reset_In_L is deasserted. The unit
remains powered while in reset.

Event
Item Description
Event 1 Pin 8 is dedicated as an Event_In pin.
This is a TTL only input, it is not buffered or protected for any inputs
outside of 0V to 3.3V. It does have ESD protection. If the system requires
event to handle a voltage outside this range, the system integrator must
condition the signal prior to connecting to the unit.
Event 2 Event 2 is multiplexed with COM3_RX and CAN_RX. The default setting is to
have this line set to COM3_RX. The Event 2 must be enabled in order to use
Event2.
When using the 63494 Development interface board, the user must not
connect anything to Port 3 and the CAN port when using Event 2. The
Com3 level selection switch is ignored when Event 2 is selected.
This is a TTL only input, it is not buffered or protected for any inputs
outside of 0 V to 3.3 V. It does have ESD protection. If the system requires
event to handle a voltage outside this range, the system integrator must
condition the signal prior to connecting to the unit.

Trimble recommends adding a Schmitt trigger and ESD protection to the Event_In pin. This prevents
any "ringing" on the input from causing multiple and incorrect events to be recognized.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 26

3 Electrical System Integration

For more information, go to www.trimble.com/OEM_ReceiverHelp/V4.85/default.html#AppNote_

EventInput.html.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 27

3 Electrical System Integration

Ethernet
Since the magnetics are on-board, the Ethernet interface can be implemented using only a RJ-45
connector, and termination discretes. See design example below:

Optional surge protection is provided by a Semtech SLVU2.8-4. To meet electrical isolation

requirements, Trimble recommends using capacitors with a greater than 2 kV breakdown voltage.

Ethernet routing
Minimize the distance from the RJ-45 to the receiver main connector to prevent issues with
conducted emissions.
The sample routing below shows a four-layer stack up, with dual-side board placement. The routing
shown ensures that the differential pairs are routed over solid internal planes.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 28

3 Electrical System Integration

Top view

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 29

3 Electrical System Integration

Bottom view

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 30

3 Electrical System Integration

Serial port
Item Description
COM 1 RS-232 level no COM 1 is already at RS-232 level and already has 8 kV contact discharge/15
flow control kV air gap discharge ESD Protection. This is labeled Port 1 on the I/O board.
COM 2 TTL level with COM 2 is at 0-3.3 V TTL. This port has RTS/CTS to support hardware flow
flow control control. If the integrator needs this port to be at RS-232 level, a proper
transceiver powered by the same 3.3V that powers the receiver needs to be
added.
For development using the I/O board, this COM port is already connected
to an RS-232 transceiver. This is labeled Port 2 on the I/O board.
COM 3 TTL level no COM 3 is at 0-3.3 V TTL and is multiplexed with CAN. The receive line is also
flow control multiplexed with Event 2. The integrator must have a BD982 receiver
configured to use the serial port in order to use this port as a serial port.
The functionality cannot be multiplexed in real time. If the integrator needs
this port to be at RS-232 level, a proper transceiver powered by the same
3.3 V that powers the receiver needs to be added.
For development using the I/O board, this com port is already connected to
an RS-232 transceiver. This is labeled Port 3 on the I/O board. SW4, labeled
COM3 HW Xciever Selection, must be set to RS-232. There should not be
anything connected to TP5, labeled Event 2.
COM 4 RS-232 level no COM 4 is on-board level translated to RS-232 voltages, with 8 kV contact
flow control discharge/15 kV air gap discharge ESD protection. This is labeled Port 4 on
the I/O board.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 31

3 Electrical System Integration

USB
The CPU of the receiver has an integrated PHY that supports both USB 2.0 Device and Host
configuration at low speed, full speed, and high speed. In Host mode, the receiver supplies 5 V to a
USB device, such as a memory stick. In Device mode, the receiver behaves like an external storage
device to a computer.

USB OTG reference design

To be OTG-compliant, the connector must be MICRO AB. An OTG-compliant cable has A and B ends.
When the B-side of the cable is inserted, the ID pin is not connected (floating) and the receiver
enters Device mode through a pull-up resistor. The A-side of the cable connects the ID pin to
ground, which enables Host mode on the receiver.

To reduce EMI, place a USB 2.0 compliant common mode choke on the data lines. To ensure best
EMI performance, locate the choke near the USB MICRO AB connector. Trimble recommends that
you use an L-C-L type EMI filter for the output power.
For product robustness and protection, place ESD protection diodes on both the USB_VBUS and
USB_OTG_ID lines. The receiver has internal high-speed ESD protection on the USB data lines.
To ensure best USB high-speed performance, carefully consider PCB routing and placement
practices:

l Place components so the trace length is minimized.

l Do not have stubs on data lines more than 0.200".
l Route data lines differentially but as parallel as possible.
l Data lines must be controlled to 90 Ohms differential impedance, and 45 Ohms single-ended

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 32

3 Electrical System Integration

impedance.
l Route over continuous reference plane (either ground or power).

For more detailed information, refer to the Intel High Speed USB Platform Design Guidelines.

USB host-only reference design

For USB host-only support, a type-A connector is required. Since the receiver dos not support
dynamic role switching, the ID pin should be grounded on the receiver. In Host mode, the receiver
supplies nominal 5 V output at 500 mA to the USB device.

For recommendations about EMI, ESD protection, and layout considerations, refer to the section
above.

USB device-only reference design

For device-only operation, the USB_OTG_ID pin is left floating. For reference, the receiver has an
internal 10K Ohm pull-up to 3.3 V. In this mode, the USB_DEVICE_VBUS is used only by receiver to
detect if host power is connected.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 33

3 Electrical System Integration

For recommendations about EMI, ESD protection, and layout considerations, refer to the section
above.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 34

3 Electrical System Integration

CAN
COM 3 is at 0-3.3 V TTL and is multiplexed with CAN. The receive line is also multiplexed with Event 2.
The integrator must have a receiver configured to use the CAN port in order to use this port as a
serial port. The functionality cannot be multiplexed in real time. The integrator must add a CAN
transceiver in order to use the CAN Port.
For development using the I/O board, this com port is already connected to a CAN transceiver. This
is labeled CAN on the I/O board. SW4, labeled COM3 HW Xciever Selection, must be set to CAN.
There shouldn't be anything connected to TP5, labeled Event 2.
The following figure shows a typical implementation with a 3.3 V CAN transceiver. It also shows a
common mode choke as well as ESD protection. A 5 V CAN Transceiver can be used if proper level
translation is added.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 35

 CHAPTER
4
Installation

In this chapter:

n Unpacking and inspecting the shipment

n Installation guidelines
n Interface board evaluation kit
n Routing and connecting the antenna cable
n LED functionality and operation

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 36

4 Installation

Unpacking and inspecting the shipment

Visually inspect the shipping cartons for any signs of damage or mishandling before unpacking the
receiver. Immediately report any damage to the shipping carrier.

Shipment carton contents

The shipment will include one or more cartons. This depends on the number of optional accessories
ordered. Open the shipping cartons and make sure that all of the components indicated on the bill
of lading are present.

Reporting shipping problems

Report any problems discovered after you unpack the shipping cartons to both Trimble Customer
Support and the shipping carrier.

Installation guidelines
The receiver is designed to be standoff mounted. You must use the appropriate hardware and all of
the mounting holes. Otherwise, you violate the receiver hardware warranty. For more information,
refer to the drawings of the receiver.

Considering environmental conditions

Install the receiver in a location situated in a dry environment. Avoid exposure to extreme
environmental conditions. This includes:

l Water or excessive moisture

l Excessive heat greater than 75 °C (167 °F)
l Excessive cold less than –40 °C (–40 °F)
l Corrosive fluids and gases

Avoiding these conditions improves the receiver’s performance and long-term product reliability.

Supported antennas
The receiver tracks multiple GNSS frequencies; the Trimble Zephyr™ II antenna supports these
frequencies.
Other antennas may be used with the receiver. However, ensure that the antenna you choose
supports the frequencies you need to track.
For the BD982 receiver, the antenna must operate at 5 V with a greater than 32.5 dB signal at the
board antenna port.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 37

4 Installation

Mounting the antennas

Choosing the correct location for the antenna is critical to the installation. Poor or incorrect
placement of the antenna can influence accuracy and reliability and may result in damage during
normal operation. Follow these guidelines to select the antenna location:

l If the application is mobile, place the antenna on a flat surface along the centerline of the
vehicle.
l Choose an area with clear view to the sky above metallic objects.
l Avoid areas with high vibration, excessive heat, electrical interference, and strong magnetic
fields.
l Avoid mounting the antenna close to stays, electrical cables, metal masts, and other antennas.
l Avoid mounting the antenna near transmitting antennas, radar arrays, or satellite
communication equipment.

Sources of electrical interference

Avoid the following sources of electrical and magnetic noise:

l gasoline engines (spark plugs)

l television and computer monitors
l alternators and generators
l electric motors
l propeller shafts
l equipment with DC-to-AC converters
l fluorescent lights
l switching power supplies

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 38

4 Installation

Interface board evaluation kit

An evaluation kit is available for testing the receiver. This includes an I/O board that gives access to
the following:

l Power input connector

l Power ON/OFF switch
l Four serial ports through DB9 connectors
l Ethernet through an RJ45 connector
Note – There are separate Ethernet jacks for the BD970 and BD982 boards.
l USB port through USB Type A and Type B receptacles
l CAN port through a DB9 connector
l Two event input pins
l 1PPS output on BNC connector
l CAN / Serial port 3 switch
Note – To switch between serial port 3 and CAN, you must configure the receiver using the
web interface or binary commands. If you do not set an option bit to make CAN the default,
the receiver defaults to serial.
l Three LEDs to indicate satellite tracking, receipt of corrections, and power

The following figure shows a typical I/O board setup:

❶ BD982 receiver ❷ I/O board ❸ Zephyr antennas

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 39

4 Installation

The computer connection provides a means to set up and configure the receiver.
Included with the BD982 I/O board is a small plastic bag that contains four standoffs. Screw these
into the I/O board to coincide with the four corner holes of the receiver when seated on the J3
connector.
Current or prospective customers may obtain schematic drawings or Gerber files of the evaluation
I/O board by contacting [email protected].

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 40

4 Installation

Routing and connecting the antenna cable

1. After mounting the antenna, route the antenna cable from the GPS antenna to the receiver.
Avoid the following hazards when routing the antenna cable:
l Sharp ends or kinks in the cable
l Hot surfaces (such as exhaust manifolds or stacks)
l Rotating or reciprocating equipment
l Sharp or abrasive surfaces
l Door and window jams
l Corrosive fluids or gases
2. After routing the cable, connect it to the receiver. Use tie-wraps to secure the cable at several
points along the route. For example, to provide strain relief for the antenna cable connection
use a tie-wrap to secure the cable near the base of the antenna.
Note – When securing the cable, start at the antenna and work towards the receiver.
3. When the cable is secured, coil any slack. Secure the coil with a tie-wrap and tuck it in a safe
place.

❶ BD982 GNSS receiver ❷ MMCX connectors ❸ GNSS antennas

Note – The MMCX connector at the end of antenna cable needs a CBL ASSY TNC-MMCX connector
to interface with the receiver module.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 41

4 Installation

LED functionality and operation

The evaluation interface board comes with three LEDs to indicate satellite tracking, RTK receptions,
and power. The initial boot-up sequence for a receiver lights all the three LEDs for about three
seconds followed by a brief duration where all three LEDs are off. Thereafter, use the following table
to confirm tracking of satellite signals or for basic troubleshooting.
For single antenna configurations, the following LED patterns apply:

Power LED RTK Corrections SV Tracking Status

LED LED
On Off Off The receiver is turned on, but not tracking satellites.
(continuous)
On Off Blinking at 1 Hz The receiver is tracking satellites, but no incoming
(continuous) RTK corrections are being received.
On Blinking at 1 Hz Blinking at 1 Hz The receiver is tracking satellites and receiving
(continuous) incoming RTK corrections.
On Off or blinking Blinking at 5 Hz Occurs after a power boot sequence when the
(continuous) (receiving for a short receiver is tracking less than 5 satellites and
corrections) while searching for more satellites.
On Blinking at 1 Hz Off The receiver is receiving incoming RTK corrections,
(continuous) but not tracking satellites.
On Blinking at 5 Hz Blinking at 1 Hz The receiver is receiving Moving Base RTK
(continuous) corrections at 5 Hz.
On On (continuous) Blinking at 1 Hz The receiver is receiving Moving Base RTK
(continuous) corrections at 10 or 20 Hz (the RTK LED turns off for
100 ms if a correction is lost).
On On, blinking off Blinking at 1 Hz The receiver is in a base station mode, tracking
(continuous) briefly at 1 Hz satellites and transmitting RTK corrections.
On Blinking at 1 Hz On The receiver is in Boot Monitor Mode. Use the
(continuous) (continuous) WinFlash utility to reload application firmware onto
the board. For more information, contact technical
support.

For two antenna configurations, the following LED patterns apply:

Power LED RTK SV Tracking LED Status

Corrections
LED
On Off Off The receiver is turned on, but not tracking
(continuous) satellites.
On Off Blinking at 1 Hz then a The receiver is tracking satellites on the
(continuous) high-frequency blinking position antenna and the vector antenna.
burst every 5 seconds However, no incoming RTK corrections are

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 42

4 Installation

Power LED RTK SV Tracking LED Status

Corrections
LED
being received.
On Blinking at 1 Blinking at 1 Hz than a The receiver is tracking satellites on the
(continuous) Hz high-frequency blinking position antenna and the vector antenna,
burst every 5 seconds and incoming RTK corrections are being
received.
On Off or blinking Blinking at 5 Hz for a Occurs after a power boot sequence when
(continuous) (receiving short while the position antenna is searching for
corrections) satellites.
On Off or blinking Off, then a high- The receiver is tracking satellites on the
(continuous) (receiving frequency blinking burst vector antenna only. The position antenna is
corrections) every 5 seconds not tracking.
On Blinking at Off The receiver is receiving incoming
(continuous) 1 Hz RTK corrections, but not tracking satellites on
either the position or vector antenna.
On Blinking at 5 Blinking at 1 Hz then a The position antenna is receiving Moving
(continuous) Hz high-frequency blinking Base RTK corrections at 5 Hz.
burst every 5 seconds
On Continuously Blinking at 1 Hz then a The position antenna is receiving Moving
(continuous) on high-frequency blinking Base RTK corrections at 10 or 20 Hz (the RTK
burst every 5 seconds LED turns off for 100 ms if a correction is lost).
On On, blinking Blinking at 1 Hz then a The position antenna is in a base station
(continuous) off briefly at 1 high-frequency blinking mode, tracking satellites and transmitting
Hz burst every 5 seconds RTK corrections.
On Blinking at On (continuous) The receiver is in Boot Monitor Mode. Use
(continuous) 1 Hz the WinFlash utility to reload application
firmware onto the board. For more
information, contact technical support.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 43

 Troubleshooting receiver issues

Troubleshooting receiver issues

This section describes some possible receiver issues, possible causes, and how to solve them. Please
read this section before you contact Technical Support.

Issue Possible cause Solution

The receiver does External power is Check that the input voltage is within limits.
not turn on. too low.
The base station Port settings Check the settings on the radio and the receiver.
receiver is not between
broadcasting. reference receiver
and radio are
incorrect.
Faulty cable Try a different cable.
between receiver Examine the ports for missing pins.
and radio. Use a multimeter to check pinouts.
No power to If the radio has its own power supply, check the charge and
radio. connections.
Examine the ports for missing pins.
Use a multimeter to check pinouts.
Rover receiver is not The base station See the issue "The base station receiver is not
receiving radio. receiver is not broadcasting" above.
broadcasting.
Incorrect over air Connect to the rover receiver radio, and make sure that it
baud rates has the same setting as the reference receiver.
between
reference and
rover.
Incorrect port If the radio is receiving data and the receiver is not getting
settings between radio communications, check that the port settings are
roving external correct.
radio and
receiver.
The receiver is not The GPS antenna Make sure that the GPS antenna cable is tightly seated in
receiving satellite cable is loose. the GPS antenna connection on the GPS antenna.
signals. The cable is Check the cable for any signs of damage. A damaged cable
damaged. can inhibit signal detection from the antenna at the
receiver.
The GPS antenna Make sure that the GPS antenna is located with a clear view
is not in clear line of the sky.
of sight to the Restart the receiver as a last resort (turn off and then turn it
sky. on again).

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 44

 Troubleshooting receiver issues

Issue Possible cause Solution

Communication to The internal With the receiver in the I/O board, apply power while
the receiver is lost firmware may be pressing the Boot Monitor button. Reload firmware using
and the LEDs are not corrupt. the WinFlash utility. Refer to the topic "Upgrading the
behaving normally. receiver firmware" in the BD9xx Receiver WebHelp.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 45

Glossary  
1PPS Pulse-per-second. Used in hardware timing. A pulse is generated in conjunction
with a time stamp. This defines the instant when the time stamp is applicable.
almanac A file that contains orbit information on all the satellites, clock corrections, and
atmospheric delay parameters. The almanac is transmitted by a GNSS satellite to a
GNSS receiver, where it facilitates rapid acquisition of GNSS signals when you start
collecting data, or when you have lost track of satellites and are trying to regain
GNSS signals.
The orbit information is a subset of the ephemeris/ephemerides data.
base station Also called reference station. In construction, a base station is a receiver placed at a
known point on a jobsite that tracks the same satellites as an RTK rover, and
provides a real-time differential correction message stream through radio to the
rover, to obtain centimeter level positions on a continuous real-time basis. A base
station can also be a part of a virtual reference station network, or a location at
which GNSS observations are collected over a period of time, for subsequent
postprocessing to obtain the most accurate position for the location.
BeiDou The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (also known as BDS) is a Chinese satellite
navigation system.
The first BeiDou system (known as BeiDou-1), consists of four satellites and has
limited coverage and applications. It has been offering navigation services mainly
for customers in China and from neighboring regions since 2000.
The second generation of the system (known as BeiDou-2) consists of satellites in a
combination of geostationary, inclined geosynchronous, and medium earth orbit
configurations. It became operational with coverage of China in December 2011.
However, the complete Interface Control Document (which specifies the satellite
messages) was not released until December 2012. BeiDou-2 is a regional navigation
service which offers services to customers in the Asia-Pacific region.
A third generation of the BeiDou system is planned, which will expand coverage
globally. This generation is currently scheduled to be completed by 2020.
BINEX BInary EXchange format. BINEX is an operational binary format standard for
GPS/GLONASS/SBAS research purposes. It is designed to grow and allow
encapsulation of all (or most) of the information currently allowed for in a range of
other formats.
broadcast server An Internet server that manages authentication and password control for a network
of VRS servers, and relays VRS corrections from the VRS server that you select.
carrier A radio wave having at least one characteristic (such as frequency, amplitude, or
phase) that can be varied from a known reference value by modulation.
carrier frequency The frequency of the unmodulated fundamental output of a radio transmitter. The
GPS L1 carrier frequency is 1575.42 MHz.
carrier phase Is the cumulative phase count of the GPS or GLONASS carrier signal at a given time.
cellular modems A wireless adaptor that connects a laptop computer to a cellular phone system for
data transfer. Cellular modems, which contain their own antennas, plug into a PC
Card slot or into the USB port of the computer and are available for a variety of

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 46

Glossary

wireless data services such as GPRS.

CMR/CMR+ Compact Measurement Record. A real-time message format developed by Trimble
for broadcasting corrections to other Trimble receivers. CMR is a more efficient
alternative to RTCM.
CMRx A real-time message format developed by Trimble for transmitting more satellite
corrections resulting from more satellite signals, more constellations, and more
satellites. Its compactness means more repeaters can be used on a site.
covariance A statistical measure of the variance of two random variables that are observed or
measured in the same mean time period. This measure is equal to the product of
the deviations of corresponding values of the two variables from their respective
means.
datum Also called geodetic datum. A mathematical model designed to best fit the geoid,
defined by the relationship between an ellipsoid and, a point on the topographic
surface, established as the origin of the datum. World geodetic datums are typically
defined by the size and shape of an ellipsoid and the relationship between the
center of the ellipsoid and the center of the earth.
Because the earth is not a perfect ellipsoid, any single datum will provide a better
model in some locations than in others. Therefore, various datums have been
established to suit particular regions.
For example, maps in Europe are often based on the European datum of 1950 (ED-
50). Maps in the United States are often based on the North American datum of
1927 (NAD-27) or 1983 (NAD-83).
All GPS coordinates are based on the WGS-84 datum surface.
deep discharge Withdrawal of all electrical energy to the end-point voltage before the cell or
battery is recharged.
DGPS See real-time differential GPS.
differential correction Differential correction is the process of correcting GNSS data collected on a rover
with data collected simultaneously at a base station. Because the base station is on a
known location, any errors in data collected at the base station can be measured,
and the necessary corrections applied to the rover data.
Differential correction can be done in real-time, or after the data is collected by
postprocessing.
differential GPS See real-time differential GPS.
DOP Dilution of Precision. A measure of the quality of GNSS positions, based on the
geometry of the satellites used to compute the positions. When satellites are
widely spaced relative to each other, the DOP value is lower, and position precision
is greater. When satellites are close together in the sky, the DOP is higher and GNSS
positions may contain a greater level of error.
PDOP (Position DOP) indicates the three-dimensional geometry of the satellites.
Other DOP values include HDOP(Horizontal DOP) and VDOP (Vertical DOP), which
indicate the precision of horizontal measurements (latitude and longitude) and
vertical measurements respectively. PDOP is related to HDOP and VDOP as follows:
PDOP² = HDOP² + VDOP².
dual-frequency GPS A type of receiver that uses both L1 and L2 signals from GPS satellites. A dual-

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 47

Glossary

frequency receiver can compute more precise position fixes over longer distances
and under more adverse conditions because it compensates for ionospheric delays.
EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service. A Satellite-Based
Augmentation System (SBAS) that provides a free-to-air differential correction
service for GNSS. EGNOS is the European equivalent of WAAS, which is available in
the United States.
elevation The vertical distance from a geoid such as EGM96 to the antenna phase center. The
geoid is sometimes referred to as Mean Sea Level.
elevation mask The angle below which the receiver will not track satellites. Normally set to 10
degrees to avoid interference problems caused by buildings and trees, atmospheric
issues, and multipath errors.
ellipsoid An ellipsoid is the three-dimensional shape that is used as the basis for
mathematically modeling the earth’s surface. The ellipsoid is defined by the lengths
of the minor and major axes. The earth’s minor axis is the polar axis and the major
axis is the equatorial axis.
EHT Height above ellipsoid.
ephemeris/ephemerides A list of predicted (accurate) positions or locations of satellites as a function of time.
A set of numerical parameters that can be used to determine a satellite’s position.
Available as broadcast ephemeris or as postprocessed precise ephemeris.
epoch The measurement interval of a GNSS receiver. The epoch varies according to the
measurement type: for real-time measurement it is set at one second; for
postprocessed measurement it can be set to a rate of between one second and
one minute. For example, if data is measured every 15 seconds, loading data using
30-second epochs means loading every alternate measurement.
feature A feature is a physical object or event that has a location in the real world, which
you want to collect position and/or descriptive information (attributes) about.
Features can be classified as surface or non-surface features, and again as points,
lines/break lines, or boundaries/areas.
firmware The program inside the receiver that controls receiver operations and hardware.
GAGAN GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation. A regional SBAS system currently in
development by the Indian government.
Galileo Galileo is a GNSS system built by the European Union and the European Space
Agency. It is complimentary to GPS and GLONASS.
geoid The geoid is the equipotential surface that would coincide with the mean ocean
surface of the Earth. For a small site this can be approximated as an inclined plane
above the Ellipsoid.
GHT Height above geoid.
GIOVE Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element. The name of each satellite for the European
Space Agency to test the Galileo positioning system.
GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System. GLONASS is a Soviet space-based
navigation system comparable to the American GPS system. The operational system
consists of 21 operational and 3 non-operational satellites in 3 orbit planes.
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System.
GPS Global Positioning System. GPS is a space-based satellite navigation system
consisting of multiple satellites in six orbit planes.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 48

Glossary

GSOF General Serial Output Format. A Trimble proprietary message format.

HDOP Horizontal Dilution of Precision. HDOP is a DOP value that indicates the precision of
horizontal measurements. Other DOP values include VDOP (vertical DOP) and
PDOP (Position DOP).
Using a maximum HDOP is ideal for situations where vertical precision is not
particularly important, and your position yield would be decreased by the vertical
component of the PDOP (for example, if you are collecting data under canopy).
height The vertical distance above the Ellipsoid. The classic Ellipsoid used in GPS is WGS-
84.
IBSS Internet Base Station Service. This Trimble service makes the setup of an Internet-
capable receiver as simple as possible. The base station can be connected to the
Internet (cable or wirelessly). To access the distribution server, the user enters a
password into the receiver. To use the server, the user must have a Trimble
Connected Community site license.
L1 The primary L-band carrier used by GPS and GLONASS satellites to transmit satellite
data.
L2 The secondary L-band carrier used by GPS and GLONASS satellites to transmit
satellite data.
L2C A modernized code that allows significantly better ability to track the L2 frequency.
L5 The third L-band carrier used by GPS satellites to transmit satellite data. L5 will
provide a higher power level than the other carriers. As a result, acquiring and
tracking weak signals will be easier.
Location RTK Some applications such as vehicular-mounted site supervisor systems do not
require Precision RTK accuracy. Location RTK is a mode in which, once initialized,
the receiver will operate either in 10 cm horizontal and 10 cm vertical accuracy, or
in 10 cm horizontal and and 2 cm vertical accuracy.
Mountpoint Every single NTripSource needs a unique mountpoint on an NTripCaster. Before
transmitting GNSS data to the NTripCaster, the NTripServer sends an assignment of
the mountpoint.
Moving Base Moving Base is an RTK positioning technique in which both reference and rover
receivers are mobile. Corrections are sent from a “base” receiver to a “rover”
receiver and the resultant baseline (vector) has centimeter-level accuracy.
MSAS MTSAT Satellite-Based Augmentation System. A Satellite-Based Augmentation
System (SBAS) that provides a free-to-air differential correction service for GNSS.
MSAS is the Japanese equivalent of WAAS, which is available in the United States.
multipath Interference, similar to ghosts on an analog television screen, which occurs when
GNSS signals arrive at an antenna having traversed different paths. The signal
traversing the longer path yields a larger pseudorange estimate and increases the
error. Multiple paths can arise from reflections off the ground or off structures
near the antenna.
NMEA National Marine Electronics Association. NMEA 0183 defines the standard for
interfacing marine electronic navigational devices. This standard defines a number
of 'strings' referred to as NMEA strings that contain navigational details such as
positions. Most Trimble GNSS receivers can output positions as NMEA strings.
NTrip Protocol Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol (NTrip) is an application-level

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 49

Glossary

protocol that supports streaming Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data
over the Internet. NTrip is a generic, stateless protocol based on the Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP). The HTTP objects are extended to GNSS data streams.
NTripCaster The NTripCaster is basically an HTTP server supporting a subset of HTTP
request/response messages and adjusted to low-bandwidth streaming data. The
NTripCaster accepts request messages on a single port from either the NTripServer
or the NTripClient. Depending on these messages, the NTripCaster decides whether
there is streaming data to receive or to send.
Trimble NTripCaster integrates the NTripServer and the NTripCaster. This port is
used only to accept requests from NTripClients.
NTripClient An NTripClient will be accepted by and receive data from an NTripCaster, if the
NTripClient sends the correct request message (TCP/UDP connection to the
specified NTripCaster IP and listening port).
NTripServer The NTripServer is used to transfer GNSS data of an NTripSource to the NTripCaster.
An NTripServer in its simplest setup is a computer program running on a PC that
sends correction data of an NTripSource (for example, as received through the
serial communication port from a GNSS receiver) to the NTripCaster.
The NTripServer - NTripCaster communication extends HTTP by additional message
formats and status codes.
NTripSource The NTripSources provide continuous GNSS data (for example, RTCM-104
corrections) as streaming data. A single source represents GNSS data referring to a
specific location. Source description parameters are compiled in the source-table.
OmniSTAR The OmniSTAR HP/XP service allows the use of new generation dual-frequency
receivers with the OmniSTAR service. The HP/XP service does not rely on local
reference stations for its signal, but utilizes a global satellite monitoring network.
Additionally, while most current dual-frequency GNSS systems are accurate to
within a meter or so, OmniSTAR with XP is accurate in 3D to better than 30 cm.
Orthometric elevation The Orthometric Elevation is the height above the geoid (often termed the height
above the 'Mean Sea Level').
PDOP Position Dilution of Precision. PDOP is a DOP value that indicates the precision of
three-dimensional measurements. Other DOP values include VDOP (vertical DOP)
and HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of Precision).
Using a maximum PDOP value is ideal for situations where both vertical and
horizontal precision are important.
postprocessing Postprocessing is the processing of satellite data after it is collected, in order to
eliminate error. This involves using computer software to compare data from the
rover with data collected at the base station.
QZSS Quasi-Zenith Satellite System. A Japanese regional GNSS eventually consisting of
three geosynchronous satellites over Japan.
real-time differential Also known as real-time differential correction or DGPS. Real-time differential GPS is
GPS the process of correcting GPS data as you collect it. Corrections are calculated at a
base station and then sent to the receiver through a radio link. As the rover
receives the position it applies the corrections to give you a very accurate position
in the field.
Most real-time differential correction methods apply corrections to code phase

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 50

Glossary

positions.
While DGPS is a generic term, its common interpretation is that it entails the use of
single-frequency code phase data sent from a GNSS base station to a rover GNSS
receiver to provide sub-meter positionaccuracy. The rover receiver can be at a
long range (greater than 100 kms (62 miles)) from the base station.
rover A rover is any mobile GNSS receiver that is used to collect or update data in the
field, typically at an unknown location.
Roving mode Roving mode applies to the use of a rover receiver to collect data, stakeout, or
control earthmoving machinery in real time using RTK techniques.
RTCM Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services. A commission established to
define a differential data link for the real-time differential correction of roving
GNSS receivers. There are three versions of RTCM correction messages. All Trimble
GNSS receivers use Version 2 protocol for single-frequency DGPS type corrections.
Carrier phase corrections are available on Version 2, or on the newer Version 3
RTCM protocol, which is available on certain Trimble dual-frequency receivers. The
Version 3 RTCM protocol is more compact but is not as widely supported as Version
2.
RTK real-time kinematic. A real-time differential GPS method that uses carrier
phasemeasurements for greateraccuracy.
SBAS Satellite-Based Augmentation System. SBAS is based on differential GPS, but applies
to wide area (WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS) networks of reference stations. Corrections
and additional information are broadcast using geostationary satellites.
sCMRx Scrambled CMRx. CMRx is a new Trimble message format that offers much higher
data compression than Trimble's CMR/CMR+ formats.
signal-to-noise ratio SNR. The signal strength of a satellite is a measure of the information content of the
signal, relative to the signal’s noise. The typical SNR of a satellite at 30° elevation is
between 47 and 50 dBHz.
skyplot The satellite skyplot confirms reception of a differentially corrected GNSS signal and
displays the number of satellites tracked by the GNSS receiver, as well as their
relative positions.
SNR See signal-to-noise ratio.
Source-table The NTripCaster maintains a source-table containing information on available
NTripSources, networks of NTripSources, and NTripCasters, to be sent to an
NTripClient on request. Source-table records are dedicated to one of the following:

l data STReams (record type STR)

l CASters (record type CAS)
l NETworks of data streams (record type NET)
All NTripClients must be able to decode record type STR. Decoding types CAS and
NET is an optional feature. All data fields in the source-table records are separated
using the semicolon character.
triple frequency GPS A type of receiver that uses three carrier phase measurements (L1, L2, and L5).
UTC Universal Time Coordinated. A time standard based on local solar mean time at the
Greenwich meridian.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 51

Glossary

xFill Trimble xFill™ is a new service that extends RTK positioning for several minutes
when the RTK correction stream is temporarily unavailable. The Trimble xFill
service improves field productivity by reducing downtime waiting to re-establish
RTK corrections in black spots. It can even expand productivity by allowing short
excursions into valleys and other locations where continuous correction messages
were not previously possible. Proprietary Trimble xFill corrections are broadcast by
satellite and are generally available on construction sites globally where the GNSS
constellations are also visible. It applies to any positioning task being performed
with a single-base, Trimble Internet Base Station Service (IBSS), or VRS™ RTK
correction source.
variance A statistical measure used to describe the spread of a variable in the mean time
period. This measure is equal to the square of the deviation of a corresponding
measured variable from its mean. See also covariance.
VDOP Vertical Dilution of Precision. VDOP is a DOP value (dimensionless number) that
indicates the quality of GNSS observations in the vertical frame.
VRS Virtual Reference Station. A VRS system consists of GNSS hardware, software, and
communication links. It uses data from a network of base stations to provide
corrections to each rover that are more accurate than corrections from a single
base station.
To start using VRS corrections, the rover sends its position to the VRS server. The
VRS server uses the base station data to model systematic errors (such as
ionospheric noise) at the rover position. It then sends RTCM correction messages
back to the rover.
WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System. WAAS was established by the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) for flight and approach navigation for civil aviation. WAAS
improves the accuracy and availability of the basic GNSS signals over its coverage
area, which includes the continental United States and outlying parts of Canada and
Mexico.
The WAAS system provides correction data for visible satellites. Corrections are
computed from ground station observations and then uploaded to two
geostationary satellites. This data is then broadcast on the L1 frequency, and is
tracked using a channel on the GNSS receiver, exactly like a GNSS satellite.
Use WAAS when other correction sources are unavailable, to obtain greater
accuracy than autonomous positions. For more information on WAAS, refer to the
FAA website at http://gps.faa.gov.
The EGNOS service is the European equivalent and MSAS is the Japanese equivalent
of WAAS.
WGS-84 World Geodetic System 1984. Since January 1987, WGS-84 has superseded WGS-
72 as the datum used by GPS.
The WGS-84 datum is based on the ellipsoid of the same name.

BD982 GNSS Receiver Module User Guide 52