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Tutorial No: 1 Thermodynamic Properties: Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

This document contains 12 problems related to thermodynamic properties and heat transfer. Specifically, it involves calculations of specific volumes, pressures, temperatures, and states of gases and liquids under various conditions. The problems require using concepts such as ideal gas law, gas laws, and properties of water to solve for unknown values. Diagrams of piston cylinders and tanks are provided to illustrate the systems under analysis.

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50 views

Tutorial No: 1 Thermodynamic Properties: Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

This document contains 12 problems related to thermodynamic properties and heat transfer. Specifically, it involves calculations of specific volumes, pressures, temperatures, and states of gases and liquids under various conditions. The problems require using concepts such as ideal gas law, gas laws, and properties of water to solve for unknown values. Diagrams of piston cylinders and tanks are provided to illustrate the systems under analysis.

Uploaded by

Paras gurung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER

TUTORIAL NO: 1

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES

1. A container having two compartments contains steam as shown in Figure P1.1. The specific
volume of steam in compartment B is 5 m3/kg. The membrane breaks and the resulting
specific volume is 8 m3/kg. Find the original specific volume of steam in compartment A.
2. A cylinder with a total volume of 1 m3 has a movable piston as shown in Figure P1.2. When
the piston is at one fourth of the length, both sides have same specific volume of 4 m 3/kg.
Determine the specific volumes of both sides when the piston is at middle of the cylinder.
3. An oxygen cylinder having a volume of 10 m3 initially contains 5 kg of oxygen. Determine
the specific volume of oxygen in the cylinder initially. During certain process 3 kg of oxygen
is consumed, determine the final specific volume of oxygen in the cylinder. Also plot the
amount of oxygen that has been consumed versus the specific volume of the remaining in the
cylinder.
4. A large chamber is separated into compartments 1 and 2, as shown in Figure P1.4, which are
kept at different pressure. Pressure gauge A reads 300 kPa and pressure gauge B reads 120
kPa. If the local barometer reads 720 mm Hg, determine the absolute pressure existing in the
compartments and the reading of gauge C. Take  = 13600 kg/m3 and g = 9.81 m/s2.

Figure P1.1 Figure P1.2 Figure P1.4


5. Figure P1.5 shows a tank within a tank, each containing air. Pressure gage A is located
inside the tank B and reads 140 kPa. The U-tube manometer connected to tank B contains
mercury. Using data on the diagram, determine the absolute pressures inside the tank A and
tank B.
6. A piston cylinder has a diameter of 0.1 m. With an outside atmospheric pressure of 100 kPa,
determine the piston mass that will create an inside pressure of 500 kPa. [Take
]
7. A piston-cylinder assembly shown in Figure P1.7 contains a gas at a pressure of 200 kPa. If
the area of cross-section of the piston is 0.01 m2 and the mass of the piston is 50 kg, what
external atmospheric pressure P0 is required to just keep the piston resting on the stops. [Take
]

2078 Even Semester TUTORIAL NO. 1


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8. For the piston cylinder device shown in Figure P1.8, determine the absolute pressure inside
the device. [Take ]

Figure P1.7

Figure P1.5 Figure P1.8


9. A piston cylinder device loaded with a linear spring with a spring constant of k = 100 kN/m
contains a gas initially at a pressure of 100 kPa and a volume of 0.05 m3, as shown in Figure
P1.9. The cross sectional area of the piston is 0.1 m2. Initially spring touches the piston but
exerts no force on it. Heat is supplied to the system until its volume doubles, determine the
final pressure.
10. Air contained within a vertical piston–cylinder assembly is shown in Figure P1.10. On its
top, the 10-kg piston is attached to a spring and exposed to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar.
Initially, the bottom of the piston is at x = 0, and the spring exerts a negligible force on the
piston. The valve is opened and air enters the cylinder from the supply line, causing the
volume of the air within the cylinder to increase by 3.9  10-4 m3. The force exerted by the
spring as the air expands within the cylinder varies linearly with x according to Fspring = kx,
where k = 10,000 N/m. The piston face area is 7.8  10-3 m2. Ignoring friction between the
piston and the cylinder wall, determine the pressure of the air within the cylinder, when the
piston is in its initial position. Repeat when the piston is in its final position. The atmospheric
pressure is 100 kPa and the local acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2.
11. A 15 kg piston in a cylinder with diameter of 0.15 m is loaded with a linear spring and the
outside atmospheric pressure of 100 kPa, as shown in Figure P1.11. The spring exerts no
force on the piston when it is at the bottom of the cylinder and for the state shown, the
pressure is 300 kPa with volume of 0.02 m3. The valve is opened to let some air in, causing
the piston to rise 5 cm. Find the new pressure. [Take ]
12. A new absolute temperature scale is proposed. On this scale the ice point of water is 1500S
and the steam point is 3000S. Determine the temperatures in 0C that correspond to 1000 and
4000S, respectively.

2078 Even Semester TUTORIAL NO. 1


3

Figure P1.9 Figure P1.10 Figure P1.11

ANSWERS
1. 2. , 3. ,
4. , , 5. ,
6. 7. 8.
9. 10. , 11. 308.47 kPa
12. ,

2078 Even Semester TUTORIAL NO. 1

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