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Advanced Operating Systems Lecture Notes

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167 views

Advanced Operating Systems Lecture Notes

Uploaded by

Nguyễn Thanh Linh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Operating Systems

Lecture notes
Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka
University of Southern California
Information Sciences Institute

Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
1
CSci555: Advanced Operating Systems
Lecture 1 - September 1, 2000

Dr. Clifford Neuman


University of Southern California
Information Sciences Institute

Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
2
Some things an operating system does
 Memory Management
 Scheduling / Resource management
 Communication
 Protection and Security
 File Management - I/O
 Naming
 Synchronization
 User Interface

Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
3
Progression of Operating Systems
Primary goal of a distributed system:
– Sharing
Progression over past years
– Dedicated machines
– Batch Processing
– Time Sharing
– Workstations and PC’s
– Distributed Systems

Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
4
Structure of Distributed Systems
 Kernel
– Basic functionality and protection
 Application Level
– What does the real work
 Servers
– Service and support functions needed by
applications
– Many functions that used to be in Kernel
are now in servers.
Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
5
Structure of Distributed Systems

UP

User Space User Space


SVR SVR

Kernel Kernel

Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
6
Characteristics of a Distributed System

 Basic characteristics:
– Multiple Computers
– Interconnections
– Shared State

Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
7
Why Distributed Systems are Hard
 Scale:
– Numeric
– Geographic
– Administrative
 Loss of control over parts of the system
 Unreliability of Messages
 Parts of the system down or inaccessible
– Lamport: You know you have a distributed system when
the crash of a computer you have never heard of stops you
from getting any work done.

Copyright © 1995-2000 Clifford Neuman, Katia Obraczka - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE Fall 2000
8

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