Number facts

4, 5, 6, 7, 8 a nd 9 ·
1. Any numbe r can be forme d by using the 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3,
natural or count ing numb ers.
2. All numbe rs from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... are called
3. When O is includ ed along with the natura l numbe rs, they form a set of
whole numb ers.
Whole Numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, ...
4. To write a 2-digi t numb er, we use 2 digits; to write a 3-digi t numb er, we use 3
digits; to write a 4-digi t numb er, we use 4 digits.
5. When a numb er is writte n using digits, it is called short form or notati on.
6. The smallest 4-digi t numb er is forme d by adding 1 to the larges t 3-digi t numb er:
999 + 1 = 1000.
7. The largest 4-digi t numb er is 9,999.
8. The smallest 5-digi t numb er is 9,999 + 1 = 10,000
9.When numbe rs are arrang ed from smallest to biggest, it is called ascen ding
order; and when numbe rs are arrang ed from biggest to smalle st, it is called
descending order.
10. The value of a digit depen ds on its place, i.e. units, tens, hundr eds, etc. where it
occurs. It is known as place value. The value of the digit itself, which never chang es,
is known as face value.
1

•,~------ ~~~~1:-~!~~-- !-~-~-3~-~:-~~~J:!~~~ -~alue of 4 is 4000 and face value of 4 is 4. f

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, Numbeir Facts
1. Any numbe r can be formed by using th e 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
2. All numbe rs from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, .. . are called natural or co unting numb ers.
3. When 0 is include d along with the natural numbe rs, they form a set of
whole nu1nbers.
'1\1hole Nun1bers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, ...

4. To write a 2-digit numbe r, we use 2 digits; to write a 3-digit numbe r, we use 3

digits; to write a 4-digit numbe r, we use 4 digits.
5. When a numbe r is written using digits, it is called short form or notatio n.
6. The smalles t 4-digit numbe r is formed by adding 1 to the largest 3-digit numbe r:

999 + 1 = 1000.
7. The largest 4-digit numbe r is 9,999.
8. The smalles t 5-digit numbe r is 9,999 + 1 = 10,000
9. When numbe rs are arrange d from smalles t to biggest, it is called ascend ing
order; and when numbe rs are arrange d from biggest to smalles t, it is called
descen ding order.
10. The value of a digit depend s on its place, i.e. units, tens, hundre ds, etc. where it .
occurs. It is known as place value. The value of the digit itself, which never change s, l
I
'
is known as face value.

Example: In 4387, the place value of 4 is 4000 and face value of 4 is 4.

~----- -· -- -- ----------------- ----- ------------- -----·--------------------------~---- -------~--------~~----~

.......
 Indian Sys tem of Num era tion
s:
In India n syste m of nume ration , places are group ed into perio ds as follow

Lakh s Thou sands Ones .--Pe riods

Ten
Ten Lakh s Lakh s Thou sands Hund reds Tens Ones .--Pl aces
Thou sands
2 8 9 6 4 5

The o n es perio d has three places ones, tens and hund reds

The thous ands perio d h as two places thous ands and ten thous ands

Ihe lakhs perio d has also two places lakhs and ten lakhs
45 and read as
The nu1n ber given in the above place value chart can be writte n as 2,89,6
'<Two lakh eight y-nin e thous and six hund red forty-five:'

Pla ce Value and Face Value of 5-digit Num bers

digit. In the
The value of the place of a digit in a numb er is called the place value of the
value of 4 i5
place value chart given below, the place value of 6 is 6 tens and the place
4 hund reds. Face value of the digit remai ns the same as the digit.

Cons ider the numb er 12468.

H T 0 Face Value Place Value

Trlh Th

2 4 6 8
1
I I I I
►
8 8 ones == g

►
6 6 tens== 60

---- .,-......
-- .. ' -
,__ I
_:.. --~·-.::.__ !~_ ., "
I 4 4 hund reds == 400
2
~ ., ,.f
,____..~ 2 thous an ds == 2,000
 ◄
Lakhs Thousands Ones
Ten .__Periods 1
Ten Lakhs Lakhs Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
Thousands .._ Places
2 8 9 6 4 5

The ones period has three places ones, tens and hundreds
The thousands period has h vo places thousands and ten thousands
The 1akhs period has also two places lakhs and ten lakhs
The number given in the above place value chart can be written as 2,89,645 and read as
"Two lakh eighty-nine thousand six hundred forty-five:'

Place Value and Face Value of 5-digit Numbers

The value of the place of a digit in a number is called the place value of the digit. In the
p lace value chart given belo\v, the place value of 6 is 6 tens and the place value of 4 is
4 hundreds. Face value of the digit remains the same as the digit.

Consider the number 12468.

T111 Th H T 0 Face \ -alue Place Value

1 2 4 6 8

8 8 ones= 8
•
6 6 tens= 60
•
4 4 hundreds = 400
2 2 thousands = 2,000

1 1 ten thousand = 10,000

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1. State the face value and place value of the following coloured digits.

Number Face value Place value

a. 1 2, 4 5 6
b. 3 4, 7 8 0
C. 7 2, 9 0 8
d. 2 3, 6 8 9
e. 8 6, 1 4 3
f. 9 4, 0 1 4
g. 6 7, 2 0 1
h. 4 2, 1 4 0
.
1. 5 8, 1 2 3
.
J· 1 5, 6 8 8

Numeration of 5-digit Numbers ■

Observe the example.
Nu me rat ion of S-d igit Nu mb ers II
Obse rve the exam ple.
Num ber Ten Thou sand s Hun dred s Tens Ones Num ber Nam e
'Tho usan ds
11,285 1 1 Eleven thou sand nvo '
2 8 5
hund red eigh ty-five

Sho v,in g S-d igit Nu mb ers on the Ab acu s

Let us show the num bers 1130 4 and 11285 on the abacus.
T~fh 1h H T 0 TTh Th H T 0

J.
l 1 3 0 4 1 1 2 8 5

II
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Counting S-digit Numbers on the Number Line ~

Example: • I I t I I I ►

10,000 10,001 10,002 10,003 10,004 10,005 l 0,006

!. Count on the number line.

a.
.. i
f I f I I I I I I ►
20.000 20,00 ] 20,002

b.
• I l J I I I I I I I ... >
20 2(J5 20.206
 I.. .

... ~ I
t "'
q~._•:-l) 4~ ,-• , I

d.
. I ~ ....
-.:50 4 -:-2. 50 5

Skip Counting of S-digit Numbers on the Number Line

A. Skip count in twos.

15,802 15,804

B. Skip count in threes.

29 ,003 29,006

C. Skip count in fives.

•
95 ,505 95 ,5 10

Comparing 5-digit Numbers

Rules for Comparing Numbers

1. 'n1e greater the nun1ber of digits, the greater is the rnnnbcr.
Fo r example, 12345 > 9624
5 digits 4 digit s
2. If two nurnbers have the san1 e number of digits, then the nu1nber wi1h the bigge·
digit in the ten thousands place is greater.
For example, 7 I 2 4 5 S4 6 2 8 IBoth the nun1bers have 5
digits, so we compare the
digits at ten thousands
· - 7 > 5 ..
Comparing S-dig it Num bers
Rules for Comparing Numbers
1. The greater the numbe r of digits, the greater is the number .
For exampl e, 12345 > 9624
5 digits 4 digits
2. If two number s have the same number of digits, then the number with the bigger
digit in the ten thousan ds place is greater.
For exampl e, 7124 5 > 5 9628 [Both the nun1ber s have 5
digits, so we con1pa re the
digits at ten thousan ds
"------+ 7 > 5
place.]

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If th{· ,hg it \
1

liH - di~ itN11 1 the th ut1 \ .tl\ d , pLh c

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f) •} I._l I S Y > 7
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L It tlw d1 gl1 ), 11 1 l l w 1lio11 , ar1 d ~ pl.11 , . of rite 11u 111 lll' 1 ~ ,II< ' Iii! ' ~, IJIH ' . llw11 we <0 111parc

IIH~ d 1g 1l s i n ti .. · lu111d ,e., I, pllu c.

l·nt cxntnple .
2 9 5 \ 4 8 ,;
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~

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di flcrcn l digits.
om l'·" <' I lw , or r,·~p1111d II lJ! d1g,h I rom !d i to right I ill
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l W<.' get
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u -- '-4JJJ

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1. Fill in the blan ks usin g > or <.
a. 1593 4
u 17832 b. 1394 7
(-
\ _)
(--)
_
\
13953

C. 92401
0 9278 9 d. 3586 9 \____/
3486 9

2.
e. 7254 3
0 72453 f. 2935 8 C) 2935
Circ le the large st num ber in each optio n.
a. 1394 5, 7849 2, 35945 b. 2846 5, 2864 5, 2854 6
C. 8372 9, 72839, 27983 d. 5010 5, 5510 5, 50501
e. 3061 1, 3160 1, 30161 f. 6743 1 , 4219 7, 24562
3. Circ le the smal lest num ber in each optio n.
a. 5391 7, 5913 7, 53179 b. 7285 8, 7085 8, 75858
C. 4935 5, 59355, 69355 d. 2486 1, 2586 7, 25863
e. 3460 0, 3560 0, 34400 f. 1437 9, 6245 1, 14400

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Ascending and Desce nding Order
Arranging number s from smallest to biggest is called ascendin g order.
Example: 12, 8, 9 and 17 in ascendin g order can be written as 8 < 9 < 12 < 17.
Arranging number s from biggest to smallest is called descending order.
Example : 23, 29, 11 and 88 in descend ing order can be written as 88 > 29 > 23 > 11.

1. Arrange the following numbers in ascendin

g order (smallest to biggest) .
a. 10,345, 10,356, 10,583, 10,352, 11,256
< < < <
b. 15,309, 18,597, 22,366, 89,591, 38,450

< < < <

C. 20,340, 17,659, 17,575, 20,430, 13,965

< < < <

2. Arrange the followi ng numbers in descending order (biggest to smallest) .

a. 15,239, 17,354, 18,297, 45,754, 12,987

> > > >

b. 77,890, 77,980, 87,098, 78,908, 97,777

> > > >

C. 21,232, 12,314, 15,789, 27,345, 72,435

> > > >

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