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Assignment Module 6

Two medical researchers conducted a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of a treatment for hypertension. 45 patients were randomly assigned to a placebo group (Group A) or treatment group (Group B). After 3 months, the average blood pressure change was -0.218 for Group A and 3.359 for Group B, with unequal variances of 16.81 and 21.19 respectively. Using a significance level of 0.01 and a t-test, the researchers found a statistically significant difference between the groups, thus supporting that the treatment was effective in lowering blood pressure.

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CARL JAMES
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171 views

Assignment Module 6

Two medical researchers conducted a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of a treatment for hypertension. 45 patients were randomly assigned to a placebo group (Group A) or treatment group (Group B). After 3 months, the average blood pressure change was -0.218 for Group A and 3.359 for Group B, with unequal variances of 16.81 and 21.19 respectively. Using a significance level of 0.01 and a t-test, the researchers found a statistically significant difference between the groups, thus supporting that the treatment was effective in lowering blood pressure.

Uploaded by

CARL JAMES
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

The research director of a leading beverage conducted a research to measure the


effectiveness of a new flavoring of its beverage compared to beverage with classical
flavoring. A sample of 20 persons tasted the beverage with the classical flavoring,
and 30 persons tasted the one with new flavoring. The participants were asked to
rate their enjoyment on the beverage, the highest score is 20 and the lowest is 0. 
The summary result of the study is shown below. Assuming equal variance and at
a .01 level of significance, is there significant difference between the enjoyment level
of the two differently flavored beverages?

Flavoring Sample Average enjoyment Variance

New 30 16.75 8.97

Classical 20 15.95 8.75

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between the enjoyment level of the two differently
flavored beverages.

Alternative Hypothesis: There is significant difference between the enjoyment level of the two
differently flavored beverages

Level of Significance: 0.01/2 = 0.005

Df = n1-1 + n2-1 = 30-1 + 20-1 = 48

Critical Value: +2.682

Decision Rule: Reject the null hypothesis if t < -2.682 or t > 2.682; otherwise, do not reject the null
hypothesis.

Computation:
2
( n¿¿ 2−1)S2
S2 p=( n¿¿ 1−1) S21 + ¿¿
( 30−1 ) 8.97+ ( 20−1 ) 8.75
(n¿¿ 1−1)+(n¿¿ 2−1)= =8.8829166667 ¿ ¿
(30−1)+(20−1)

(xbar 1−xbar 2) (16.75−15.95)


t= = =0.93

√ 2 1 1
S p( + )
n1 n2 √ 1 1
8.8829166667 ( + )
30 20

Conclusion: Do not reject the null hypothesis, 0.93 < 2.682; which means there is no significant
difference between the enjoyment level of the two differently flavored beverages.
2. Two medical researchers looked into the effectiveness of a treatment for
hypertension or high blood pressure. In a clinical trial, 45 patients with hypertensions
were randomly assigned to either Group A (placebo control or Group B (treatment);
and were closely monitored for three months. After which, the researchers
measured and recorded the changes in the blood pressure of the patients in each
group.  The summary of the results is shown below.  Assuming unequal variance
and at .01 level of significance, is there evidence of significant difference on the
change in blood pressures of the two groups of patients?

Average change in blood


Groups Sample variance
pressure

A (placebo control) 21 -0.218 16.81

B (treatment) 24 3.359 21.19

Null Hypothesis: There is no evidence of significant difference on the change in blood pressures of the
two groups of patients

Alternative Hypothesis: There is evidence of significant difference on the change in blood pressures of
the two groups of patients

Level of significance: 0.01/2 = 0.005

Df = ¿ ¿

Critical Value: +2.695


Decision Rule: Reject the null hypothesis if t < -2.695 or t > 2.695; otherwise, do not reject the null
hypothesis.

( xbar 1−xbar 2 ) (−0.218−3.359 )


t= = =−2.757

√( ) √(
16.81 21.19
)
2 2
Computation: S S
1 2 +
+ 21 24
n1 n2

Conclusion: Reject the null hypothesis, -2.757 < -2.695; which means there is evidence of significant
difference on the change in blood pressures of the two groups of patients.

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