WEEK 1: LEXICO – GRAMMAR – READING - KEYS

I. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the numbered
boxes.
1. It was a fantastic film. I enjoyed it ................
A. endlessly B. unendingly C. without end D. no end
- no end: very much
- endlessly adverb /ˈend.ləs.li/ : in a way that is endless (= never finishing,
or seeming never to finish)
- unending: used to describe activities or events, especially unpleasant ones, when
they seem to continue for ever

2. When the children .............. their toys, I donated them to charity.

A. outlasted B. outdated C. outgrew D. outwore
- outgrow: to lose interest in an idea or activity as you get older
- outlast (v): to live or exist, or to stay energetic and determined, longer than another person or
thing
- outdate (v): to make something outdated (= no longer as good or useful because there
are newer, more modern things

3. I was in the ______ of despair before I heard the good news.

A. depths B. profundities C. bottoms D. holes
- in the depths of despair: the feeling of having lost all hope
- profundities: /prəˈfʌn.də.ti/:
the quality of showing a clear and deep understanding of serious matters:

4. When are we going to get rid of all these empty cartons? They've been ........... up the office for weeks
now.
A. buttering B. clutching C. cluttering D. botching
- clutter (up): to fill something in an untidy or badly organized way
- butter somebody up: to be very kind or friendly to someone or try to please someone, so that
that person will do what you want them to do
- clutch /klʌtʃ/: to take or try to take hold of something tightly, usually in fear, worry, or pain
- botch /bɒtʃ/: to spoil something by doing it badly

5. “Can I use your phone?” - “___”

A. I’m afraid so B. Might as well C. Be my guest! D. Serves you right.
- Be my guest: = Help yourself or after you
- Might as well: used to suggest doing something, often when there is nothing better to do
- Serves you right: If you say that something bad serves someone right, you mean that that person
deserves it:
6. Oil spills will _________ even the healthiest of marine ecosystem.
A. play havoc on B. break ground with
C. pay the consequences for D. take their toll on

take a heavy toll (on somebody/something) | take its toll (on somebody/something): to have a bad
effect on somebody/something; to cause a lot of damage, deaths, pain, etc.
play havoc with sth/wreak havoc on sth: to make a situation much more difficult or confusing; to
damage something

7. The doctor thought he had got over the worst, but his condition suddenly _________.
A. deteriorated B. dismantled C. dissolved D. disintegrated

deteriorate: to become worse

dismantle: to take apart a machine or structure so that it is in separate pieces
 dissolve: to disappear; to make something disappear
disintegrate: to break into small parts or pieces and be destroyed

8. _________ a small creature that defends itself with lobster-like claws and a poisonous sting.
A. Scorpions are B. Many a scorpion is
C. A scorpion, which is D. The scorpion is

Simple sentence; the + a group of species  the whole

9. The library is _________ people who lose their books.

A. cracking down on B. stepping up
C. going down with D. coming up against

crack down on: to try harder to prevent an illegal activity and deal more severely with those who are
caught doing it
step up: to increase the amount, speed, etc. of something
go down with something: (especially British English) to become ill with something
come up against somebody/something: [no passive] to be faced with or opposed by
somebody/something

10. They turned down the proposal _________ that it didn’t fulfill their requirement.
A. by reason B. on the grounds
C. as a cause D. allowing

on the ground(s): with a good or true reason for saying, doing or believing something
11. She was so small and fragile and looked ____ in an army uniform.
A. incongruous B. soaking C. wispy D. ashen

incongruous = inappropriate: strange, and not suitable in a particular situation

soaking: completely wet: We arrived home soaking wet.
wispy: consisting of small, thin pieces; not thick
ashen: (usually of somebody’s face) very pale; without colour because of illness or fear

12. If you’re interested in a subject, use the Internet to ____ deeper.

A. drain B. polish C. sag D. delve

delve into something/ delve into something/ to delve deeper: to try hard to find out more
information about something
drain: to make something empty or dry by removing the liquid from it; to become empty or dry in
this way
polish: to make something smooth and shiny by rubbing it
sag: to hang or bend down in the middle, especially because of weight or pressure

13. Mr. Parris said he’d like ____ by Monday, if that’s possible.
A. finished the report B. the report finished
C. the report will be finished D. have the report finished

14. Motorists have been _____ by the sudden rise in the price of petrol.
A. hard pressed B. hard to please C. hard hit D. hard up

be hard hit: be very badly affected

15. “Would you like to go to the beach tomorrow. It’s going to be a sunny day?” – “____”
A. Can I take a rain check? B. Yes, just one of those things!
C. Sorry, it’s only a matter of time. D. Sure, I’m high and dry.
 take a rain check (on something): (especially North American English, informal) to refuse an offer
or invitation but say that you might accept it later
high and dry: in a difficult situation, without help or money
16. “I called round last night, but you weren’t in.”
“I wasn’t ________, so I went out with the neighbors.”
A. too keen on staying alone home B. such keen on staying home alone
C. being keen on staying home alone D. too keen on staying home alone
- alone /əˈləʊn/: [not before noun] adverb: without any other people
- home /həʊm/ (adv): to or at the place where you live
 stay home
- called round: To go to someone's house to visit them

17. “How are things with the new employee?”

“The boss appears ________ to her and that’s why she is now working harder.”
A. to speak B. to speaking C. to have spoken D. to be spoken
The perfect infinitive often refers to things that might have happened in the past:

18. The law was ________ because it was discriminatory towards minorities.
A. repealed B. repented C. compressed D. construed
Repeal /rɪˈpiːl/ if a Repent /rɪˈpent/ Compress /kəmˈpres/ Construe (v)
government or other to feel and show that to press things together /kənˈstruː/
group or person with you are sorry for or press something into to understand the
authority repeals a law, something bad or wrong a smaller space; to be meaning of a word, a
that law no longer has that you have done pressed in this way sentence or an action in
any legal force a particular way
SYNONYM interpret

Luật đã bị bãi bỏ bởi vì nó phân biệt đối xử đối với người thiểu số

19. It is said that every man should be held ________ for his actions.
A. trustworthy B. accountable C. irritable D. intrepid
Trustworthy Accountable (adj) Irritable (adj) Intrepid (adj)
/ˈtrʌstwɜːrði/ /əˈkaʊntəbl/ /ˈɪrɪtəbl/ /ɪnˈtrepɪd/
that you can rely on to responsible for your getting annoyed easily; very brave; not afraid of
be good, honest, decisions or actions and showing your anger danger or difficulties
sincere, etc. expected to explain SYNONYM bad- SYNONYM fearless
đáng tin cậy them when you are tempered  Traders and
asked missionaries often
proved themselves to be
intrepid explorers.

20. It is said that pregnant women ________ pickles and ice cream.
A. pine B. long C. yearn D. crave
Pine (v) /paɪn/ Long (v) Yearn (v) /jɜːrn/ Crave (v) /kreɪv/
to become very sad to want something very to want something very to have a very strong
because somebody has much especially if it much, especially when desire for something
died or gone away does not seem likely to it is very difficult to get SYNONYM long for
happen soon SYNONYM long
SYNONYM yearn
21. The sculpture is worth an ...........................₤ 10 million.
A. evaluated B. appreciated C. estimated D. assessed
- estimated: to form an idea of the cost, size, value etc. of something, but without calculating it exactly
E.g.: The satellite will cost an estimated £400 million. (collocation)
- evaluate: to form an opinion of the amount, value or quality of something after thinking about it
carefully
- appreciate: to recognize the good qualities of somebody/something
- assess: to make a judgement about the nature or quality of somebody/something

22. At first .............................., they look like photos, but they're actually drawings.
A. glimpse B. glance C. view D. gaze

- at first glance: when you first look at or think about something, often rather quickly
E.g.: At first glance the problem seemed easy.
- glimpse: a sight of somebody/something for a very short time, when you do not see the person or thing
completely
- view: what you can see from a particular place or position, especially beautiful countryside
- gaze: a long, steady look at somebody/something

23. Our town has a real problem with youth crime, ........................ do may other British towns.
A. so B. as C. like D. nor

a positive clause

24. The soloist .......................... her success on a series of acclaimed concerts.

A. manufactured B. composed C. built D. assembled

25. The .......................... buildings in town are nearly a thousand years old.
A. historic B. elderly C. historical D. outdated
26. As they travelled across the________ landscape, each one of them wondered how it was possible to
grow anything there.
A. barren B. bustling C. grimy D. mundane

barren (+landscape): (of land or soil) not good enough for plants to grow on it
bustling: barren full of people moving about in a busy way
grimy = dirty: covered with dirt
mundane = dull = ordinary: not interesting or exciting

27. Mike decided that election to the local council would provide a ________ to a career in national
politics.
A. milestone B. springboard C. highway D. turning point

springboard (for/to something): something that helps you start an activity, especially by giving you
ideas
milestone: a very important stage or event in the development of something
highway: a main road for travelling long distances, especially one connecting and going through
cities and towns
turning point (in something): the time when an important change takes place, usually with the
result that a situation improves

28. As a poet, I think she ________ comparison with the greatest this century. .
A. stands B. makes C. leads D. matches

stand/ bear comparison with: be as good as…

29. We all have to follow the rules, and none of us is ________ the law.
A. beyond B. over C. above D. onto
 be above the law: cannot be punished by the law

30. I didn’t _________out to be a millionaire – I just wanted to run a successful business.

A. set B. go C. begin D. Watch

set out: to begin a job, task, etc. with a particular aim or goal
31. The company had to cough ____________ a lot of money to indemnify for the victims in the accident.
A. up B. out C. into D. away

cough up | cough something up: (informal) to give something, especially money, unwillingly

32. “Why don’t we go for a picnic this weekend?”

-“That’s what I was just about to suggest. Great minds ________.”
A. think alike B. think the same C. meet each other D. meet likewise

great minds think alike: (informal, humorous) used to say that you and another person must both
be very clever because you have had the same idea or agree about something

33. “Mind your business” - “ ______________”

A. What, again? B. I don’t mind
C. Thank you D. All right. I didn’t mean to be nosy

34. The book is such a ______________ that I can not put it down.
A. page-turner B. best-seller C. duvet-cover D. mind-reader

page-turner: a book that is very exciting

bestseller: a product, usually a book, which is bought by large numbers of people
a duvet cover: a cover that you can wash, that you put over a duvet (vỏ tấm chăn)
mind-reader: a person who knows what somebody else is thinking without being told

35. In the ___________ of security, personnel must wear their identity badges at all times.
A. requirement B. interests C. demands D. assistance

in the interest(s) of something: in order to help or achieve something

36. Don’t count on (trust) Patrick; he is liable to ________ if things get too difficult.
A. let up B. make off C. opt out D. pass out

opt out: to choose not to take part in something

let up: to make less effort
make off: to hurry away, especially in order to escape
pass out = faint: to become unconscious

37.It was so embarrassing. We were in the middle of a crowded restaurant when they suddenly had a
____________ row.
A. blazing B. heated C. stormy D. smouldering

blazing: extremely angry or full of strong emotion

row: a number of people standing or sitting next to each other in a line  blazing row
heated: (of a person or discussion) full of anger and excitement
stormy: full of strong feelings and angry arguments
smoulder: to be filled with a strong emotion that you do not fully express

38. Fresh fruit juice is better for you than ____________ drinks.
A. fuzzy B. fizzy C. saccharine D. bubbly

fizzy: (of a drink) having bubbles of gas in it

fuzzy: covered with short soft fine hair or fur
saccharine /ˈsækərɪn/: (of people or things) too emotional in a way that seems exaggerated
bubbly: saccharinefull of bubbles: I want a nice hot bubbly bath.

39. There she was, walking out of customs, ____________ a huge suitcase behind her.
A. towing B. manhandling C. pushing D. dragging

drag: to pull somebody/something along with effort and difficulty

tow: to pull a car, boat, etc. behind another vehicle, using a rope or chain
manhandle: to push, pull or handle somebody roughly
push: to use your hands, arms or body in order to make somebody/something move forward or
away from you; to move part of your body into a particular position

40. Everybody was busy with the spring cleaning, except Stanley, who always refused to pull
his____________.
A. socks B. weight C. fingers D. share

pull your weight: to work as hard as everyone else in a job, an activity, etc.
II. Write an appropriate preposition into each gap
COPING WITH PROBLEMS
We must all resign ourselves (1) _________ the fact that we will encounter problems throughout our
lives. We cannot safeguard (2) ________ all unpleasant events. Nor can we walk (3) __________ from
every difficult situation that comes along. We have to find ways of living (4) ________ the bad
situations that we inevitably face from time to time and find ways of ironing (5) __________difficulties.
We should not be too proud to fall (6) _________ _______ out parents for advice – we may be
surprised at how helpful they can be. If a problem is a disagreement, then we may be able to smooth
things (7) __________ . Explaining how we feel will sometimes be all that is needed to clear (8)
__________ a misunderstanding. If we have behaved badly, then we should apologize and find a way to
make (9) _________ ________ our actions. The important thing is not to resort to behaviour that we
know is wrong even if it seems to offer a temporary solution. Don’t just grasp (10) ________ the first
chance of an easy way out – it may not be the right thing to do.

Write an appropriate preposition into each gap

1. to 2. against 3. away 4. with 5. out
6. back on 7. over 8. up 9. up for 10. at

1. resign yourself to something: phrasal verb: to accept something unpleasant that cannot be changed or
avoided

o resign yourself to doing something We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on the sale.

2. safeguard against: to protect something/somebody from loss, harm or damage; to keep

something/somebody safe

 safeguard against something The leaflet explains how to safeguard against dangers in the home.

3. walk away: walk away (from somebody/something)

1. to leave a difficult situation or relationship, etc. instead of staying and trying to deal with it
o He was tempted to walk away from the problem.
4. live with something: to accept something unpleasant

o I just had to learn to live with the pain.

5. iron out: to get rid of any problems or difficulties that are affecting something

 There are still a few details that need ironing out.

6. fall back on: fall back on somebody/something: [no passive] to go to somebody for support; to have
something to use when you are in difficulty

o I have a little money in the bank to fall back on.

o She fell back on her usual excuse of having no time.

7. smooth over: to make problems or difficulties seem less important or serious, especially by talking to
people

 She spoke to both sides in the dispute in an attempt to smooth things over.

8. clear up: to solve or explain something

 to clear up a mystery/misunderstanding
 I hope this explanation clears up any confusion.

9. make up for: to do something that corrects a bad situation SYNONYM compensate

 Nothing can make up for the loss of a child.

10. grasp at: to try to take an opportunity

III. Read the following sentences and fill the gaps with appropriate prepositions.
1. Your document and his are _______ duplicate
2. I feel quite nostalgic _______ the place where I grew up.
3. He taught me how to juggle _______ four balls
4. If you want to read email, please key _______ the address of email and password first
5. I don’t like him as every time he asks me to do something, his voice is always laden _______ threat
6. Health care must be at the service _______ all who need it.
7. I overheard a fragment ______ their conversation.
8. His total disinterest ______money puzzled his family
9. They swindled him ______ hundreds of dollars.
10. I can’t believe that anyone would sink ______ such depths.

Your answer:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3. Read the following sentences and fill the gaps with appropriate prepositions.
1. in 2. for 3. with 4. in/ into 5. with
6. of 7. of 8. in 9. out of 10. to

1. in duplicate: as two copies that are exactly the same in every detail
  The contract is prepared in duplicate, so that both parties can sign it.

trùng lặp
Nostalgic for: /nɑːˈstældʒɪk/

2. having or bringing a sad feeling mixed with pleasure when you think of happy times in the past (hoài
niệm)

o nostalgic memories
o I feel quite nostalgic for the place where I grew up.

3. juggle with something: to throw a set of three or more objects such as balls into the air and catch and
throw them again quickly, one at a time, so as to keep at least one in the air at all times
- to juggle with balls

tung hứng với

4. key in/ into: to put information into a computer using a keyboard SYNONYM enter

 Key in your password.

5. laden with: full of something, especially something unpleasant

 His voice was soft, yet laden with threat.

(Tôi không thích anh ấy vì mỗi lần anh ấy yêu cầu tôi làm điều gì đó, giọng anh ấy luôn đầy đe dọa)
6. at the service of somebody/something | at somebody’s service

1. completely available for somebody to use or to help somebody

7. fragment (of something) a single part of something; a part that is not complete

Tôi tình cờ nghe được một đoạn cuộc trò chuyện của họ

8. disinterest (in something) lack of interest

Anh ấy hoàn toàn không quan tâm đến tiền bạc khiến gia đình anh ấy bối rối
9. swindle somebody (out of something): to cheat somebody in order to get something, especially
money, from them

Họ đã lừa anh ta hàng trăm đô la.

10. sink to something: to have such low moral standards that you do something very bad

Tôi không thể tin được rằng có ai đó lại có tiêu chuẩn đạo đức thấp đến như vậy

IV. Complete the following sentences with suitable prepositions or particles. Write your answer in
the provided space.
1. He was wearing very shabby, dirty clothes and looked very down…..heel.
2. You let him slipped ……your fingers again! We had him surrounded.
3. ‘Is the place that they inhabit within easy reach?’ ‘On the contrary, they live at the back of………..’
4. Even old Henry Spalding, who has returned to Wellington in the spring, added his signature
…………good measure.
5. I was not very bright as a child, but I was so clever………….my hands that I decided to become a
pickpocket.
6. It was my first day on patrol and they threw me…..the deep end.
7. There will be nothing that can stand ……… our way to love, even the prevention from our family.
8. He’s not feeling well at the moment, but he should be up and ……again in a few days.
9. Laura saw me coming in while she was talking on the phone, so she broke…….to get me coffee.
10. The second leg wasn’t extra time when the Austrians took a 2-1 lead…… aggregate.

IV.
1. at 2.through 3.beyond 4.for 5.with
6. at 7. in 8. about 9.off 10. on

1. Look down at heel: looking less attractive and fashionable than before, usually because of a lack of
money
 The town has become very down at heel.
2. through your fingers)
1. to miss or fail to use an opportunity
o Don't let the chance to work abroad slip through your fingers.
3. the back of beyond
1. (informal) a place that is a long way from other houses, towns, etc.
o We stayed in some farmhouse in the back of beyond.
4. for good measure
1. as an extra amount of something in addition to what has already been done or given
o Use 50g of rice per person and an extra spoonful for good measure.
5. clever with her hands. B1. well-designed
6. jump/be thrown in at the deep end
1. to start or be made to start a new and difficult activity that you are not prepared for
o Junior hospital doctors are thrown in at the deep end in their first jobs.
7. stand in somebody’s way(also stand in the way) to prevent someone from doing something I always
encouraged Brian. I didn’t want to stand in his way.
8. up and about: feeling well enough to get out of bed and move around
9. break off: to stop speaking or stop doing something for a time
 He broke off in the middle of a sentence
10. on aggregate
1. (British English, sport) when the scores of a number of games are added together
o They won 4–2 on aggregate.

V. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in the space.
1. The high school jazz group included a number of _________________ musicians. BUD
2. Her story about being chased away from school by wolves seems pretty FAR
_____________________.
3. She _______________ supported the family after her husband’s death. HAND
4. A crowd of curious __________________ soon gathered to see what was LOOK
happening.
5. The museum boasts an _____________ collection of French porcelain. RIVAL
6. The film takes an ___________________ honest look at an issue that faces us all. FLINCH
7. __________________ to me, he had rented out the apartment while I was away. KNOW
8. He is a peaceful person who dislikes ________________ and disorder, and RULE
prefers calm.
9. He ___________________ cancelled the project without any previous discussion LATERAL
with the board.
10. She has made a few enemies on Instagram by ___________________ APOLIGISE
supporting causes she's passionate about.
11. When you're used to snow in January, warm sunny weather feels SEASON
____________________.
12. Their ten-point lead puts the team in an almost __________________ position. ASSAIL
13. Some experiences in early life have _________ effects. ERADICATE
14. ___________________ greedy businesses were gaining yet greater profit SATIATE
margins with lower production costs.
15. What exactly is it then about this small __________________ object that CYLINDER
provokes such intensity of feeling?
16. He's so _____________________ - like he's never done anything wrong in his RIGHT
life.
17. The verdicts are _________________ inconsistent with one another. RECONCILE
18. The incident ____________________ harmed his reputation in the small town. REPAIR
19. She is __________________ confident about the competition, and convinced REPRESS
she can win.
20. The heart attack left her brain ___________________ damaged. RETRIEVE

KEY
1. 2. 3. 4.
BUDDING FAR-FETCHED SINGLE-HANDEDLY ONLOOKERS
5. 6. 7. 8.
UNRIVALLED UNFLINCHINGLY UNBEKNOWNST/ UNRULINESS
UNBEKNOWN
9. 10. 11. 12.
UNILATERALLY UNAPOLOGETICALLY UNSEASONABLE UNASSAILABLE
13. 14. 15. 16.
INERADICABLE INSATIABLY CYLINDRICAL SELF-
RIGHTEOUS
17. 18. 19. 20.
IRRECONCILABLY IRREPARABLY IRREPRESSIBLY IRRETRIEVABLY

1. budding (a): growing or developing

2. far-fetched (a): difficult to believe and unlikely to be true
3. single-handedly (adv): without any help from anyone else
4. onlooker (n): someone who watches something that is happening in a public place but is not involved in
it
5. unrivalled (a): having no equal; better than any other of the same type
6. unflinchingly (adv): in a way that shows someone is not frightened or is not trying to avoid something
7. unbeknownst/unbeknown to sb: without a particular person knowing
8. unruliness (n): the fact of being difficult to control or manage
9. unilaterally (adv): by one person, group or country involved in a situation without the agreement of the
others
10. unapologetically (adv): without saying or showing that you are sorry about something, even in
situations in which other people might expect you to
11. unseasonable (a): unusual for the time of year
12. unassailable (a): that cannot be destroyed, defeated or questioned
13. ineradicable (a): (of a quality or situation) that cannot be removed or changed
14. insatiably (adv): in a way that cannot be satisfied
15. cylindrical (a): having the shape of a cylinder (= hollow tube)
16. self-righteous (a): feeling or behaving as if what you say or do is always morally right, and other
people are wrong
17. irreconcilably (adv): in a way that makes it impossible to find agreement, or is impossible to deal with
18. irreparably (adv): in a way that is impossible to repair or make right again
19. irrepressibly (adv): in a way that is full of energy and enthusiasm or impossible to stop
20. irretrievably (adv): in a way that is not possible to correct or is impossible to return to a previously
existing situation or condition

VI. Give the correct form of each bracketed word in the following passage. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes.
(0. INCREASE)______________, women are taking their holidays without men. For safety reasons,
camaraderie or just plain fun, a growing number of female tourists are singing up for women-only trips.
Twenty years ago only a (1. HAND) _________________of companies offered such holidays; now there
are several hundred. Travel (2. CONSULT) ______________Andre Littlewood says that the combination
of higher incomes with delayed marriage, divorce, retirement and (3. WIDOW)____________has enabled
more women to travel, often on their own. They are attracted by the sense of freedom that a holiday
without men affords them. “Women in a group tend to feel (4. INHIBIT)____________and speak more
openly than when men are around”, she adds. “Even on (5. ENERGY)_____________adventure holidays
the atmosphere is relaxed and (6. OPERATE)___________. It’s also a great deal more fun. Women laugh
more (7. READY)_____________than men, probably because they don’t mind laughing at themselves.”
Since her divorce Janice Cummings has been a regular traveler with Everywoman Tours, and Oxford-
based Company whose very name is a (8. DETER)___________ to men. “And a good thing too,” she
says. “Men simply cannot resist the (9. TEMPT)_____________to try and take control, no matter where
they are. And that includes on holiday.(10. THANK)_____________, there is none of that with
Everywoman.”

KEYS

0. Increasingly
1. handful 2. consultant 3. widowhood 4. uninhibited 5. energy-sapping
6. cooperative 7. readily 8. deterrent 9. temptation 10. Thankfully
1. handful (n): handful (of something) the amount of something that can be held in one hand
 the article “a” + n
2. consultant (n): a person who knows a lot about a particular subject and is employed to give advice
about it to other people
 travel consultant – compound noun
3. widowhood (n): the state or period of being a widow or widower
 n, n, n and n
4. uninhibited (a): behaving or expressing yourself freely without worrying about what other people think
 feel (a linking verb) + adj
5. energy-sapping (a): exhausting
 the adjective “energy-sapping” is used to modify the noun phrase “adventure holidays”
6. cooperative (a): involving doing something together or working together with others towards a shared
aim
 adjective and adjective
7. readily (adv): willingly
 the adverb “readily” is used to modify the verb “laugh”
8. deterrent (n): something that makes somebody less likely to do something (= that deters them)
 the article “a” + n
9. temptation (n): the desire to do or have something that you know is bad or wrong
 the article “the” + n
10. thankfully (adv) = fortunately: used to show that you are pleased that something good has happened
or that something bad has been avoided
 the adverb “thankfully” is used to modify the whole sentence
VII. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer that BEST
fits the blank space in the following passage.
(1) __________ popular belief, one does not have to be a trained programmer to work online. Of
course, there are plenty of jobs available for people with high-tech computer skills, but the growth of new
media has (2) __________ up a wide range of Internet career opportunities requiring only a minimal level
of wide range of Internet career opportunities requiring only a minimal level of technical (3) __________.
Probably one of the most well-known online job opportunities is the job of Webmaster. However, it is
hard to define one basic job description for this position. The qualifications and responsibilities depend on
what tasks a particular organization needs a Webmaster to (4) __________.
To specify the job description of a webmaster, one needs to identify the hardware and software that
the website will manage to run (5) __________. Different types of hardware and software require different
skill sets to manage them. Another key factor is whether the website will be running internally or
externally. Finally, the responsibilities of a webmaster also depend on whether he or she will be working
independently, or whether the firm will provide people to help. All of these factors need to be considered
before one can create requiring (6) __________ knowledge of the latest computer applications. (7)
__________, there are also online jobs available for which traditional skills remain in high (8)
__________. Content jobs require excellent writing skills and a good sense of the web as a “new media’.
The term “new media” is difficult to define because it encompasses a (9) __________ growing set
of new technologies and skills. Specifically, it includes websites, email, internet technology, CD-ROM,
DVD, streaming audio and video, interactive multimedia presentations, e-books, digital music, computer
illustration, video games, (10) __________ reality, and computer artistry.

Question 1: A. Apart from B. Contrary to C. Prior to D. In contrast to

Question 2: A. taken B. sped C. set D. opened
Question 3: A. expertise B. master C. efficiency D. excellency
Question 4: A. conduct B. perform C. undergone D. overtake
Question 5: A. on B. over C. in D. with
Question 6: A. built-in B. up-market C. in-service D. in-depth
Question 7: A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Then
Question 8: A. content B. demand C. reference D. requirement
Question 9: A. constantly B. continually C. increasingly D. invariably
Question 10: A. fancy B. imaginative C. illusive D. virtual

1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D

Question 1: B. Contrary to (popular beliefs): different from something; against something

 Apart from: except for/ in addition to; as well as
 Prior to: before something
 In contrast to: used to introduce a difference between two or more people or things that
you can see clearly when they are compared or put close together; the fact of comparing two or
more things in order to show the differences between them
Question 2: D. opened up: to become or make something possible, available or able to be reached
 take up: to learn or start to do something, especially for pleasure
 speed up: to move or happen faster; to make something move or happen faster
 set: to create something or start it
Question 3: A. expertise: expert knowledge or skill in a particular subject, activity or job
 B. master: a person who shows a lot of skill at something
 C. efficiency: the quality of doing something well with no waste of time or money
 D. excellency: a title used when talking to or about somebody who has a very important
official position, especially an ambassador
Question 4: B. perform (a task): to do something, such as a piece of work, task or duty
 conduct: (formal) to organize and/or do a particular activity
 undergo: to experience something, especially a change or something unpleasant
  overtake: if something unpleasant overtakes a person, it unexpectedly starts to happen
and to affect them
Question 5: on the website
Question 6: D. in-depth: very detailed, careful and complete
 built-in: included as part of something and not separate from it
 up-market: designed for or used by people who belong to a high social class or have a lot
of money
 in-service: (of training, courses of study, etc.) done while somebody is working in a job, in
order to learn new skills
Question 7: A. However: u sed to introduce a statement that contrasts with something that has just
been said
 B. Therefore: used to introduce the logical result of something that has just been
mentioned
 C. Moreover: used to introduce some new information that adds to or supports what you
have said previously
 D. Then
Question 8: B. demand: [countable] a very strong request for something; something that somebody
needs
 A. content: the things that are contained in something
 C. reference: a thing you say or write that mentions somebody/something else; the act of
mentioning somebody/something
 D. requirement: [plural] something that you need or want
Question 9: A. constantly: all the time; repeatedly
 B. continually: in a way that is repeated many times so that it is annoying
 C. increasingly: more and more all the time
 D. invariably: always
Question 10: D. virtual reality: images and sounds created by a computer that seem almost
real to the user, who can interact with them by using sensors
VIII. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. Write your answer in the
space provided.
2, 10)
A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater lake, one of the world's
largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge
body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its
unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warmed by geothermal heat from the earth's
core. The thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from the frigid temperatures on the surface.
4A
The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the
area. 4bRadio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of
indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists
aware of the tremendous size of the lake; 5the satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where
the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.
7)
The discovery of such a huge freshwater lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific
community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for
thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet
light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. 9)The downside of the discovery, however, lies
in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated
with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination.
Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.
1. The word "hidden" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______ .
A. undrinkable B. untouched C. unexploitable D. undiscovered
2. What is true of Lake Vostok?
A. It is completely frozen. B. It is a saltwater lake.
C. It is beneath a thick slab of ice. D. It is heated by the sun.
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “frigid” in paragraph 1?
A. extremely cold B. easily broken C. quite harsh D. lukewarm
4. All of the following are true about the 1970 survey of Antarctica EXCEPT that it ______.
A. was conducted by air B. made use of radio waves
C. could not determine the lake's exact size D. was controlled by a satellite
5. It can be inferred from the passage that the ice would not be flat if _______.
A. there were no lake underneath B. the lake were not so big
C. Antarctica were not so cold D. radio waves were not used
6. The word "microbes" in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by which of the following?
A. Pieces of dust B. Tiny bubbles C. Tiny organisms D. Rays of light
7. Lake Vostok is potentially important to scientists because it ______.
A. can be studied using radio waves
B. may contain uncontaminated microbes
C. may have elevated levels of ultraviolet light
D. has already been contaminated
8. The word "downside" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. bottom level B. negative aspect C. underside D. buried section
9. The last paragraph suggests that scientists should be aware of ______.
A. further discoveries on the surface of Antarctica
B. problems with satellite-borne radar equipment
C. ways to study Lake Vostok without contaminating it
D. the harsh climate of Antarctica
10. The purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. explain how Lake Vostok was discovered
B. provide satellite data concerning Antarctica
C. discuss future plans for Lake Vostok
D. present an unexpected aspect of Antarctica's geography

KEYS:

1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A
6. C 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. D

- hidden: not easy to notice or realize = untouch

+ undrinkable: not good or pure enough to drink
+ untouched
+ unexploitable: unable to be used in a way that helps people
+ undiscovered: chưa được khám phá
- microbes: an extremely small living thing that you can only see under a microscope and that may
cause disease: vi khuẩn, vi trùng = Tiny organisms
+ Pieces of dust: những hạt bụi
+ Tiny bubbles: những hạt bong bóng nhỏ
+ Tiny organisms: những vi sinh vật
+ Rays of light: những tia sáng
- downside: the disadvantages or less positive aspects of something = negative aspect
+ bottom level: tầng đáy
+ negative aspect
+ underside: the bottom or lower side or surface of something
+ buried section: phần bị chôn vùi

IX. Read the following passage and choose the most suitable from A to G on the list and write it in
each gap from 1 to 5 and from the gap 6 to 10 complete the notes. Write your answers in the
correspondent numbered boxes.

DOES GLOBALIZATION HELP THE POOR?

A. In recent years, we have heard steady proclamations emanating from the advocates of economic
globalization and leaders of the world’s leading financial institutions - the World Bank, the International
Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Trade Organization (WTO), etc. - that the ultimate purpose in pushing
economic globalization is to help the world’s poor. More specifically, they contend that (6) removing
barriers to corporate trade and financial investments is the best path to growth, which they claim offers the
best chance of rescuing the poor from poverty. They also assert that the millions of people who oppose the
economic globalization model are harming the interests of the poor. They should back off and leave it to
corporations, bankers and global bureaucracies to do the planning and solve the world’s problems. Such
claims are routinely replayed in the media. One prominent national columnist writes, (7) 'Protesters are
choking the only route out of poverty for the world s poor.’ In other words, if the protesting stopped, the
financial institutions would save the day. Is this believable? Is it the salvation of the poor that really drives
global corporations or are their primary motives quite different? (1)

B. (8) Almost all the evidence from the most robust period of economic globalization - 1970 to the end of
the 20th century — shows that its outcome is the exact opposite of what its supporters claim. Interestingly,
this evidence now comes as much from the proponents of globalization as from its opponents. Clearly,
poverty and inequality are rapidly accelerating everywhere on Earth. A 1999 report by the United Nations
Development Program found that inequalities between rich and poor within and among countries are
quickly expanding, and that the global trading and finance system is a primary cause. Even the US Central
Intelligence Agency (CIA) confirms the United Nations’ (UN) conclusions, agreeing that globalization
brings massive inequalities. “The benefits of globalization do not reach the poor,” says the CIA, 'and the
process inevitably results in increased unrest and protest.’

C. The ideologies and rules of economic globalization - including free trade, deregulation and
privatization - have destroyed the livelihoods of millions of people, often leaving them homeless, landless
and hungry, while removing their access to the most basic (9) public services like health and medical care,
education, sanitation, fresh water and public transport. (2) The records show that economic globalization
makes things worse for the poor, not better. Economic globalization has actually succeeded in making
global corporations and a few elites wildly wealthy. Of the largest 100 economies m the world, 52 are (10)
corporations. This is what the UN describes as the 'staggering concentration of wealth among the ultra-
wealthy'.

D. (3) Contrary to claims, wealth generated by globalization does not trickle down. Rather, the wealth is
locked at the top, removing from governments and communities the very tools necessary to redistribute it,
and in doing so protect domestic industries, social services, the environment and sustainable livelihoods.
There may be isolated instances where temporary improvement has been achieved in Third World
countries, and, of course, the financial institutions love to trumpet these. The truth, however, is that benefit
has been very short-lived and the majority of it has gone to the elites in these countries and to the chief
executives of the global corporations at the hub of the process.

E. People may point to the 'Asian Tiger' economies like Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore as examples
of the success of globalization, but the truth is that improvement has not been achieved by assiduously
adhering to the dictates of international financial advisors. These economies initially resisted the
prescribed economic model, and managed to stay free of the volatility of export markets. When they did
finally succumb to pressure from the IMF and the World Bank, they found their glory days quickly
disappearing into the infamous Asian financial crisis of the late 90s. (4)

F. (5) The majority of poor countries have not enjoyed much benefit from globalization, and a growing
number of people understand that the system is selling a false promise. The policies of the financial
institutions are not designed to benefit them, but to benefit rich industrial countries and their global
corporations. The question then is. do these globalizing institutions know what they’re doing or do they
just mindly follow a failed ideological model? Many commentators fiercely opposed to globalization now
firmly believe that the institutions do indeed know exactly what they're doing and that they always have.
They have an assignment to remove all obstacles to the free flow of capital as they seek to pry open the
world’s last natural resource pools, markets and cheap labour.To suggest they do all this to help the poor is
high cynicism.
G. Perhaps the most traumatic impact of globalization has resulted from local economies being forced to
shift from a small-scale diversified agricultural model towards the industrial export model. Half the
world's population still lives directly on the land, growing food for their communities.They grow staples
and a mix of diverse crops, and they replant with indigenous seed varieties developed over centuries. They
have perfected their own fertilization and pesticide management. Such systems have sustained hundreds of
millions of people for millennia.
Global corporations must resist local self-sufficiency. Profit is generated by increased processing
activity and global trading. We have seen companies spend millions of dollars on publicity professing that
small farmers are not productive enough to feed the hungry world. This publicity runs in tandem with the
investment and trade strategies of the same companies - strategies that aim to replace local, diverse
farming for self-reliance with monocultures. The people who once grew their crops are driven off their
land. People who once fed themselves become landless, homeless, jobless and hungry. Dependency and
starvation replace self-sufficient livelihoods and self-reliant nations, while global corporations maintain
their wealth by shipping luxury items thousands of miles to already overfed markets. Clearly, these
corporations are not concerned about feeding the hungry. They are concerned about feeding themselves.

The passage has seven sections labelled, A-G. For questions 1-5, choose the correct heading for each
section from the list of headings in the box. You do not need to use all the headings.
I. Initial gains - ultimate disaster
II. A stark contrast between the poor and the super-rich.
III. The obliteration of traditional practices
IV. The poor must take some responsibility
V. Boasts about small victories are misplaced
VI. We know best don't try to stop us.
VII. Markets yet to be exploited
VIII. Incompetence or a well planned strategy?
IX Parties on both sides can see the short-comings
X. Asia leads the way
Example: Paragraph B: IX
Paragraph G: III
1. Paragraph A : VI
2. Paragraph C : II
3. Paragraph D : V
4. Paragraph E : I
5. Paragraph F : VII

For questions 6-10, complete the notes. Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Globalization – two sides of the coin
Advocates say:
Growth realized only by (6)……… removing …… barriers to business
Hope of salvation thwarted by (7) ……… Protesters ……
Opponents say:
(8) ……… proponents/ advocates …… of the system equally sceptical
Millions destitute without essential (9) …… public services ………
(10) …… Corporations ……… now wealthier than some countries

KEYS

1.vi 2.ii 3.v 4.i 5.vii

6.removing 7. Protesters 8. proponents/ 9. public services 10. Corporations

barriers advocates