Red Hat Satellite 6.

Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected

Network

Installing Red Hat Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

Last Updated: 2019-02-25

Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected
Network
Installing Red Hat Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

Red Hat Satellite Documentation Team

[email protected]
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Abstract
This guide describes how to install Red Hat Satellite from a disconnected network, perform initial
configuration, and configure external services.
 Table of Contents

Table of Contents
.CHAPTER
. . . . . . . . .1.. .PREPARING
. . . . . . . . . . .YOUR
. . . . . .ENVIRONMENT
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .FOR
. . . .INSTALLATION
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4. . . . . . . . . .
1.1. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 4
1.2. STORAGE REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDELINES 5
1.2.1. Storage Requirements 5
1.2.2. Storage Guidelines 6
1.3. SUPPORTED OPERATING SYSTEMS 7
1.4. SUPPORTED BROWSERS 8
1.5. PORTS AND FIREWALLS REQUIREMENTS 8
1.6. ENABLING CONNECTIONS FROM A CLIENT TO SATELLITE SERVER 11
1.7. VERIFYING FIREWALL SETTINGS 11
1.8. VERIFYING DNS RESOLUTION 11
1.9. CHANGING DEFAULT SELINUX PORTS 12

.CHAPTER
. . . . . . . . .2.. .INSTALLING
. . . . . . . . . . . SATELLITE
. . . . . . . . . . SERVER
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
...........
2.1. DOWNLOADING AND INSTALLING FROM A DISCONNECTED NETWORK 14
2.1.1. Downloading the Binary DVD Images 14
2.1.2. Configuring the Base System with Offline Repositories 15
2.1.3. Installing from the Offline Repositories 16
2.1.4. Downloading and Installing Packages Manually 17
2.2. PERFORMING THE INITIAL CONFIGURATION 17
2.2.1. Synchronizing Time 17
2.2.2. Installing the SOS Package on the Host Operating System 18
2.2.3. Specifying Installation Options 18
2.2.3.1. Performing the Initial Configuration Manually 19
2.2.3.2. Performing the Initial Configuration Automatically using an Answer File 20
2.2.4. Creating a Subscription Allocation in Customer Portal 20
2.2.5. Adding Subscriptions to an Allocation 21
2.2.6. Exporting a Subscription Manifest from the Customer Portal 21
2.2.6.1. Importing a Subscription Manifest into the Satellite Server 21

.CHAPTER
. . . . . . . . .3.. .PERFORMING
. . . . . . . . . . . . ADDITIONAL
. . . . . . . . . . . . CONFIGURATION
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ON
. . . SATELLITE
. . . . . . . . . . SERVER
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
...........
3.1. INSTALLING THE SATELLITE TOOLS REPOSITORY 23
3.2. ENABLING POWER MANAGEMENT ON MANAGED HOSTS 24
3.3. CONFIGURING DNS, DHCP, AND TFTP ON SATELLITE SERVER 24
3.4. DISABLING DNS, DHCP, AND TFTP FOR UNMANAGED NETWORKS 25
3.5. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER FOR OUTGOING EMAILS 26
3.6. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER WITH A CUSTOM SERVER CERTIFICATE 28
3.6.1. Obtain an SSL Certificate for the Satellite Server 29
3.6.2. Validate the Satellite Server’s SSL Certificate 30
3.6.3. Run the Satellite Installer with Custom Certificate Parameters 32
3.6.4. Install the New Certificate on all Hosts Connected to the Satellite Server 33
3.7. USING EXTERNAL DATABASES WITH SATELLITE 33
3.7.1. MongoDB as an External Database Considerations 33
3.7.2. PostgreSQL as an External Database Considerations 34
3.7.3. Overview 34
3.7.4. Installing MongoDB 35
3.7.5. Installing PostgreSQL 36
3.8. RESTRICTING ACCESS TO MONGOD 37

. . . . . . . . . .4.. .CONFIGURING
CHAPTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . EXTERNAL
. . . . . . . . . . SERVICES
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
...........
4.1. CONFIGURING SATELLITE WITH EXTERNAL DNS 39
4.2. VERIFYING AND STARTING THE DNS SERVICE 41

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

4.3. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER WITH EXTERNAL DHCP 41

4.4. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER WITH EXTERNAL TFTP 45
4.4.1. Configuring the Firewall for External Access to TFTP 46
4.5. CONFIGURING SATELLITE OR CAPSULE WITH EXTERNAL IDM DNS 46
4.5.1. Configuring Dynamic DNS Update with GSS-TSIG Authentication 47
4.5.2. Configuring Dynamic DNS Update with TSIG Authentication 51
4.5.3. Reverting to Internal DNS Service 53

. . . . . . . . . .5.. .UNINSTALLING
CHAPTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SATELLITE
. . . . . . . . . .SERVER
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
...........

. . . . . . . . . . A.
APPENDIX . . .APPLYING
. . . . . . . . . CUSTOM
. . . . . . . . .CONFIGURATION
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TO
. . . RED
. . . . .HAT
. . . .SATELLITE
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
...........
A.1. HOW TO RESTORE MANUAL CHANGES OVERWRITTEN BY A PUPPET RUN 56

2
Table of Contents

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

CHAPTER 1. PREPARING YOUR ENVIRONMENT FOR

INSTALLATION

1.1. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

The following requirements apply to the networked base system:

64-bit architecture

The latest version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server

4-core 2.0 GHz CPU at a minimum

A minimum of 20 GB memory is required for the Satellite Server to function. In addition, a

minimum of 4 GB of swap space is also recommended. Satellite running with less memory than
the minimum value might not operate correctly.

A unique host name, which can contain lower-case letters, numbers, dots (.) and hyphens (-)

A current Red Hat Satellite subscription

Administrative user (root) access

A system umask of 0022

Full forward and reverse DNS resolution using a fully-qualified domain name

Before you install Satellite Server or Capsule Server, ensure that your environment meets the
requirements for installation.

Satellite Server must be installed on a freshly provisioned system that serves no other function except to
run Satellite Server.

NOTE

The Red Hat Satellite Server and Capsule Server versions must match. For example, a
Satellite 6.2 Server cannot run a 6.4 Capsule Server and a Satellite 6.4 Server cannot run
a 6.2 Capsule Server. Mismatching Satellite Server and Capsule Server versions results in
the Capsule Server failing silently.

NOTE

Self-registered Satellites are not supported.

If you have a large number of content hosts, see Large Deployment Considerations to ensure that your
environment is set up appropriately.

For more information on scaling your Capsule Servers, see Capsule Server Scalability Considerations.

Certified hypervisors
Red Hat Satellite is fully supported on both physical systems and virtual machines that run on
hypervisors that are supported to run Red Hat Enterprise Linux. For more information about certified
hypervisors, see Which hypervisors are certified to run Red Hat Enterprise Linux?

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 CHAPTER 1. PREPARING YOUR ENVIRONMENT FOR INSTALLATION

1.2. STORAGE REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDELINES

This section lists minimum storage requirements and provides storage guidelines for Satellite Server and
Capsule Server installation.

1.2.1. Storage Requirements

The following tables detail storage requirements for specific directories. These values are based on
expected use case scenarios and can vary according to individual environments. The Capsule Server
table also applies to Satellite Server because it has an integrated Capsule by default. Pay attention to
your specific use case when reading the tables. For example, you can have a Capsule Server without
Pulp enabled, in which case you do not need the same level of storage requirements for directories
related to Pulp such as /var/lib/pulp/.

In the following two tables, the runtime size was measured with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, 6, and 7
repositories synchronized.

Table 1.1. Storage Requirements for a Disconnected Satellite Server Installation

Directory Installation Size Runtime Size

/var/cache/pulp/ 1 MB 30 GB

/var/lib/pulp/ 1 MB 500 GB

/var/lib/mongodb/ 3.5 GB 50 GB

/var/lib/qpidd/ 25 MB Not Applicable

/var/log/ 10 MB 250 MB

/var/lib/pgsql/ 100 MB 10 GB

/var/spool/squid/ 0 MB 10 GB

/usr 3 GB Not Applicable

/opt 3 GB Not Applicable

/opt/puppetlabs 180 MB Not Applicable

Table 1.2. Storage Requirements for Capsule Server Installation

Directory Installation Size Runtime Size

/var/cache/pulp/ 1 MB 20 GB (Minimum)

/var/lib/pulp/ 1 MB 500 GB

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

Directory Installation Size Runtime Size

/var/lib/mongodb/ 3.5 GB 50 GB

1.2.2. Storage Guidelines

Consider the following guidelines when installing Satellite Server to increase efficiency.

Because most Satellite and Capsule Server data is stored within the /var directory, mounting
/var on LVM storage can help the system to scale.

Using the same volume for the /var/cache/pulp/ and /var/lib/pulp/ directories can
decrease the time required to move content from /var/cache/pulp/ to /var/lib/pulp/
after synchronizing.

Use high-bandwidth, low-latency storage for the /var/lib/pulp/ and /var/lib/mongodb/

directories. As Red Hat Satellite has many operations that are I/O intensive, using high latency,
low-bandwidth storage causes performance degradation. Ensure your installation has a speed in
the range 60 - 80 Megabytes per second. You can use the fio tool to get this data. See the
Red Hat Knowledgebase solution Impact of Disk Speed on Satellite 6 Operations for more
information on using the fio tool.

For improved performance, use solid state drives (SSD) rather than hard disk drives (HDD).

The /var/lib/qpidd/ directory uses slightly more than 2 MB per Content Host managed by
the goferd service. For example, 10 000 Content Hosts require 20 GB of disk space in
/var/lib/qpidd/.

File System Guidelines

Use the XFS file system for Red Hat Satellite 6 because it does not have the inode limitations
that ext4 does. Because Satellite uses a lot of symbolic links it is likely that your system might
run out of inodes if using ext4 and the default number of inodes.

Do not use NFS with MongoDB because MongoDB does not use conventional I/O to access
data files and performance problems occur when both the data files and the journal files are
hosted on NFS. If required to use NFS, mount the volume with the following options in the
/etc/fstab file: bg, nolock, and noatime.

Do not use the GFS2 file system as the input-output latency is too high.

SELinux Considerations for NFS Mount

When /var/lib/pulp directory is mounted using an NFS share, SELinux blocks the synchronization
process. To avoid this, specify the SELinux context of the /var/lib/pulp directory in the file system
table by adding the following lines to /etc/fstab:

nfs.example.com:/nfsshare /var/lib/pulp/content nfs

context="system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_rw_content_t:s0" 1 2

If NFS share is already mounted, remount it using the above configuration and enter the following
command:

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 CHAPTER 1. PREPARING YOUR ENVIRONMENT FOR INSTALLATION

# chcon -R system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_rw_content_t:s0 /var/lib/pulp

Duplicated Packages
Packages that are duplicated in different repositories are only stored once on the disk. Additional
repositories containing duplicate packages require less additional storage. The bulk of storage resides in
the /var/lib/mongodb/ and /var/lib/pulp/ directories. These end points are not manually
configurable. Ensure that storage is available on the /var file system to prevent storage problems.

Temporary Storage
The /var/cache/pulp/ directory is used to temporarily store content while it is being synchronized.
For content in RPM format, a maximum of 5 RPM files are stored in this directory at any time. After each
file is synchronized, it is moved to the /var/lib/pulp/ directory. Up to 8 RPM content synchronization
tasks can run simultaneously by default, with each using up to 1 GB of metadata.

ISO Images
For content in ISO format, all ISO files per synchronization task are stored in /var/cache/pulp/ until
the task is complete, after which they are moved to the /var/lib/pulp/ directory.

If you plan to use ISO images for installing or updating, you must provide external storage or allow space
in /var/tmp for temporarily storing ISO files.

For example, if you are synchronizing four ISO files, each 4 GB in size, this requires a total of 16 GB in
the /var/cache/pulp/ directory. Consider the number of ISO files you intend synchronizing because
the temporary disk space required for them typically exceeds that of RPM content.

Software Collections
Software collections are installed in the /opt/rh/ and /opt/theforeman/ directories.

Write and execute permissions by the root user are required for installation to the /opt directory.

Symbolic links
You cannot use symbolic links for /var/lib/pulp/ and /var/lib/mongodb/,

1.3. SUPPORTED OPERATING SYSTEMS

You can install the operating system from disc, local ISO image, kickstart, or any other method that Red
Hat supports. Red Hat Satellite Server and Red Hat Satellite Capsule Server are supported only on the
latest versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server that is available at the time when Satellite 6.3 is
installed. Previous versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux including EUS or z-stream are not supported.

Red Hat Satellite Server and Red Hat Satellite Capsule Server require Red Hat Enterprise Linux
installations with the @Base package group with no other package-set modifications, and without third-
party configurations or software not directly necessary for the direct operation of the server. This
restriction includes hardening and other non-Red Hat security software. If you require such software in
your infrastructure, install and verify a complete working Satellite Server first, then create a backup of the
system before adding any non-Red Hat software.

It is recommended that the Satellite Server be a freshly provisioned system. It is also recommended that
Capsule Servers be freshly provisioned systems and not registered to the Red Hat CDN. Using the
system for anything other than running Satellite is not supported.

If any of the following exist on the system, they must be removed before installation:

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

Java virtual machines

Puppet RPM files

Additional yum repositories other than those explicitly required in this guide for installation

1.4. SUPPORTED BROWSERS

The following web browsers are fully supported:

Firefox versions 39 and later

Chrome versions 28 and later

The following web browsers are partially supported. The Satellite web UI interface functions correctly but
certain design elements may not align as expected:

Firefox version 38

Chrome version 27

Internet Explorer versions 10 and 11

NOTE

The web UI and command-line interface for Satellite Server supports English, Portuguese,
Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, Russian,
French, and German.

1.5. PORTS AND FIREWALLS REQUIREMENTS

To enable the components of Satellite architecture to communicate, specific network ports and network-
based firewalls must be open and free on the base operating system that you want to install Satellite on.

The following tables indicate the destination port and the direction of network traffic. Use this information
to configure any network-based firewalls. Note that some cloud solutions must be specifically configured
to allow communications between machines because they isolate machines similarly to network-based
firewalls. If you use an application-based firewall, ensure that the application-based firewall permits all
applications that are listed in the tables and known to your firewall. If possible, disable the application
checking and allow open port communication based on the protocol.

Integrated Capsule
Satellite Server has an integrated Capsule and any host that is directly connected to Satellite Server is a
Client of Satellite in the context of these tables. This includes the base system on which a Capsule
Server is running.

Clients of Capsule
Hosts which are clients of Capsules, other than Satellite’s integrated Capsule, do not need access to
Satellite Server. For more information on Satellite Topology, see Capsule Networking in Planning for Red
Hat Satellite 6.

Required ports can change based on your configuration.

Table 1.3. Ports for Browser-based User Interface Access to Satellite

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 CHAPTER 1. PREPARING YOUR ENVIRONMENT FOR INSTALLATION

Port Protocol Service Required For

443 TCP HTTPS Browser-based UI access to Satellite

80 TCP HTTP Redirection to HTTPS for web UI

access to Satellite (Optional)

Table 1.4. Ports for Client to Satellite Communication

Port Protocol Service Required For

80 TCP HTTP Anaconda, yum, for obtaining Katello

certificates, templates, and for
downloading iPXE firmware

443 TCP HTTPS Subscription Management Services,

yum, Telemetry Services, and for
connection to the Katello Agent

5647 TCP amqp Katello Agent to communicate with

Satellite’s Qpid dispatch router

8000 TCP HTTPS Anaconda to download kickstart

templates to hosts, and for downloading
iPXE firmware

8140 TCP HTTPS Puppet agent to Puppet master

connections

9090 TCP HTTPS Sending SCAP reports to the Smart

Proxy in the integrated Capsule, for the
discovery image during provisioning,
and for communicating with Satellite
Server to copy the SSH keys for
Remote Execution (Rex) configuration

5000 TCP HTTPS Connection to Katello for the Docker

registry

53 TCP and UDP DNS Client DNS queries to a Satellite’s

integrated Capsule DNS service
(Optional)

67 UDP DHCP Client to Satellite’s integrated Capsule

broadcasts, DHCP broadcasts for
Client provisioning from a Satellite’s
integrated Capsule (Optional)

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

Port Protocol Service Required For

69 UDP TFTP Clients downloading PXE boot image

files from a Satellites' integrated
Capsule for provisioning (Optional)

Any managed host that is directly connected to Satellite Server is a client in this context because it is a
client of the integrated Capsule. This includes the base system on which a Capsule Server is running.

Table 1.5. Ports for Satellite to Capsule Communication

Port Protocol Service Required for

443 TCP HTTPS Connections to the Pulp server in the

Capsule

9090 TCP HTTPS Connections to the proxy in the

Capsule

80 TCP HTTP Downloading a bootdisk (Optional)

Table 1.6. Optional Network Ports

Port Protocol Service Required For

22 TCP SSH Satellite and Capsule originated

communications, for Remote Execution
(Rex) and Ansible.

443 TCP HTTPS Satellite originated communications, for

vCenter compute resource.

5000 TCP HTTP Satellite originated communications, for

compute resources in OpenStack or for
running containers.

22, 16514 TCP SSH, SSL/TLS Satellite originated communications, for

compute resources in libvirt.

389, 636 TCP LDAP, LDAPS Satellite originated communications, for

LDAP and secured LDAP
authentication sources.

5900 to 5930 TCP SSL/TLS Satellite originated communications, for

NoVNC console in web UI to
hypervisors.

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 CHAPTER 1. PREPARING YOUR ENVIRONMENT FOR INSTALLATION

1.6. ENABLING CONNECTIONS FROM A CLIENT TO SATELLITE

SERVER
Capsules and Content Hosts that are clients of a Satellite Server’s internal Capsule require access
through Satellite’s host-based firewall and any network-based firewalls.

Use this section to configure the host-based firewall on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 system that
Satellite is installed on, to enable incoming connections from Clients, and to make the configuration
persistent across system reboots. For more information on the ports used, see Section 1.5, “Ports and
Firewalls Requirements”.

Configuring the Firewall

1. To open the ports for Client to Satellite communication, enter the following command on the base
system that you want to install Satellite on:

# firewall-cmd \
--add-port="53/udp" --add-port="53/tcp" \
--add-port="67/udp" --add-port="69/udp" \
--add-port="80/tcp" --add-port="443/tcp" \
--add-port="5000/tcp" --add-port="5647/tcp" \
--add-port="8000/tcp" --add-port="8140/tcp" \
--add-port="9090/tcp"

2. Make the changes persistent:

# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

1.7. VERIFYING FIREWALL SETTINGS

You can verify changes to firewall settings using the firewall-cmd command.

To verify firewall settings:

# firewall-cmd --list-all

For more information, see Getting Started with firewalld in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Security Guide.

1.8. VERIFYING DNS RESOLUTION

Verify the full forward and reverse DNS resolution using a fully-qualified domain name to prevent issues
while installing Satellite.

Ensure that the host name and local host resolve correctly.

# ping -c1 localhost

# ping -c1 `hostname -f` # my_system.domain.com

Successful name resolution results in output similar to the following:

# ping -c1 localhost

PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.043 ms

--- localhost ping statistics ---

1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.043/0.043/0.043/0.000 ms

# ping -c1 `hostname -f`

PING hostname.gateway (XX.XX.XX.XX) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from hostname.gateway (XX.XX.XX.XX): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.019
ms

--- localhost.gateway ping statistics ---

1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.019/0.019/0.019/0.000 ms

To avoid discrepancies with static and transient host names, set all the host names on the system by
entering the following command:

# hostnamectl set-hostname name

For more information, see the Configuring Host Names Using hostnamectl in the Red Hat Enterprise
Linux 7 Networking Guide.


WARNING

Name resolution is critical to the operation of Satellite 6. If Satellite cannot properly

resolve its fully qualified domain name, many options fail. Among these options are
content management, subscription management, and provisioning.

1.9. CHANGING DEFAULT SELINUX PORTS

Red Hat Satellite 6 uses a set of predefined ports. Because Red Hat recommends that SELinux on
Satellite 6 systems be set to permissive or enforcing, if you need to change the port for any service, you
also need to change the associated SELinux port type to allow access to the resources. You only need to
change these ports if you use non-standard ports.

For example, if you change the Satellite web UI ports (HTTP/HTTPS) to 8018/8019, you need to add
these port numbers to the httpd_port_t SELinux port type.

This change is also required for target ports. For example, when Satellite 6 connects to an external
source, like Red Hat Virtualization or Red Hat OpenStack Platform.

You only need to make changes to default port assignments once. Updating or upgrading Satellite has
no effect on these assignments. Updating only adds default SELinux ports if no assignments exist.

Before You Begin

SELinux must be enabled and running in permissive or enforcing mode before installing
Satellite. For more information, see the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 SELinux User’s and
Administrator’s Guide.

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 CHAPTER 1. PREPARING YOUR ENVIRONMENT FOR INSTALLATION

Changing default ports to user-specified ports

1. To change the port from the default port to a user-specified port, execute the commands using
values that are relevant to your environment. These examples use port 99999 for demonstration
purposes.

Default Port SELinux Command

80, 443, 8443 semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 99999

8080 semanage port -a -t http_cache_port_t -p tcp 99999

8140 semanage port -a -t puppet_port_t -p tcp 99999

9090 semanage port -a -t websm_port_t -p tcp 99999

69 semanage port -a -t tftp_port_t -p udp 99999

53 (TCP) semanage port -a -t dns_port_t -p tcp 99999

53 (UDP) semanage port -a -t dns_port_t -p udp 99999

67, 68 semanage port -a -t dhcpd_port_t -p udp 99999

5671 semanage port -a -t amqp_port_t -p tcp 99999

8000 semanage port -a -t soundd_port_t -p tcp 99999

7911 semanage port -a -t dhcpd_port_t -p tcp 99999

5000 on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 semanage port -a -t commplex_main_port_t -p tcp 99999

22 semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp 99999

16514 (libvirt) semanage port -a -t virt_port_t -p tcp 99999

389, 636 semanage port -a -t ldap_port_t -p tcp 99999

5910 to 5930 semanage port -a -t vnc_port_t -p tcp 99999

2. Disassociate the previously used port number and port type.

# semanage port -d -t virt_port_t -p tcp 99999

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

CHAPTER 2. INSTALLING SATELLITE SERVER

You can use this chapter to find information about installing Red Hat Satellite Server, performing the
initial configuration, creating and installing manifests, and performing additional configuration.

Red Hat Satellite 6.4 uses Puppet 5 by default. Review and update your Puppet modules to support
Puppet 5. For more information about updating your Puppet modules to support Puppet 5, see the
Upgrading Puppet section in the Satellite 6.4 Upgrading and Updating Red Hat Satellite guide.

NOTE

Ensure you have completed upgrading your Puppet modules to support Puppet 4 while
on Red Hat Satellite 6.3. For information on upgrading Puppet modules to Puppet 4, see
the Upgrading Puppet section in the Satellite 6.3 Upgrading and Updating Red Hat
Satellite guide.

There are two methods of installing Satellite Server:

Connected:
You can obtain the packages required to install Satellite Server directly from the Red Hat Content
Delivery Network (CDN). Using the CDN ensures that your system always receives the latest updates.

Disconnected:
You must use an external computer to download an ISO image of the packages and copy the packages
to the system you want to install Satellite Server on. Use an ISO image only if you require a
disconnected environment. The ISO image might not contain the latest updates.

NOTE

You cannot register Satellite Server to itself.

2.1. DOWNLOADING AND INSTALLING FROM A DISCONNECTED

NETWORK
When the intended host for the Red Hat Satellite Server is in a disconnected environment, it is possible
to install the Satellite Server by using an ISO image. This method is not recommended for any other
situation as ISO images might not contain the latest updates, bug fixes, and functionality.

NOTE

If the base system has not been updated from the Red Hat CDN, package dependency
errors are possible. You must manually download and install the latest version of the
required packages. For more information, see Section 2.1.4, “Downloading and Installing
Packages Manually”.

Before You Begin

A copy of the repositories used in the installation are stored in the /opt/ directory. Ensure you
have a minimum of 3 GB of space for this file system and directory.

2.1.1. Downloading the Binary DVD Images

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 CHAPTER 2. INSTALLING SATELLITE SERVER

1. Go to Red Hat Customer Portal and log in.

2. Click DOWNLOADS.

3. Select Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

4. Ensure that you have the correct product and version for your environment.

Product Variant is set to Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server.

Version is set to the latest minor version of the product you plan to use as the base system.

Architecture is set to the 64 bit version.

5. On the Product Software tab, download the Binary DVD image for the latest Red Hat Enterprise
Linux Server version.

6. Click DOWNLOADS and select Red Hat Satellite.

7. Ensure that you have the correct product and version for your environment.

Product Variant is set to Red Hat Satellite.

Version is set to the latest minor version of the product you plan to use as the base system.

Architecture is set to the 64 bit version.

8. On the Product Software tab, download the Binary DVD image for the latest Red Hat Satellite
version.

9. Copy the ISO files to /var/tmp on the Satellite base system or other accessible storage
device.

# scp localfile username@hostname:remotefile

2.1.2. Configuring the Base System with Offline Repositories

1. Create a directory to serve as the mount point for the ISO file corresponding to the base
system’s version.

# mkdir /media/rhel7-server

2. Mount the ISO image for Red Hat Enterprise Linux to the mount point.

# mount -o loop rhel7-Server-DVD.iso /media/rhel7-server

3. Copy the ISO file’s repository data file.

# cp /media/rhel7-server/media.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel7-
server.repo

4. Edit the repository data file and add the baseurl directive.

baseurl=file:///media/rhel7-server/

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

5. Verify that the repository has been configured.

# yum repolist

6. Create a directory to serve as the mount point for the ISO file of the Satellite Server.

# mkdir /media/sat6

7. Mount the ISO image for Red Hat Satellite Server to the mount point.

# mount -o loop sat6-DVD.iso /media/sat6

2.1.3. Installing from the Offline Repositories

1. Ensure the ISO images for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server and Red Hat Satellite are mounted:

# findmnt -t iso9660

2. Import the Red Hat GPG keys.

# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

3. Ensure the base system is up to date with the Binary DVD image.

# yum update

4. Change to the directory where the Satellite ISO is mounted.

# cd /media/sat6/

5. Run the installation script in the mounted directory.

# ./install_packages
This script will install the foreman packages on the current
machine.
- Ensuring we are in an expected directory.
- Copying installation files.
- Creating a Repository File
- Creating RHSCL Repository File
- Checking to see if Foreman is already installed.
- Importing the gpg key.
- Foreman is not yet installed, installing it.
- Installation repository will remain configured for future
package installs.
- Installation media can now be safely unmounted.

Install is complete. Please run satellite-installer --scenario

satellite.

If the script fails due to missing or outdated packages, you must download and install these
separately. See Section 2.1.4, “Downloading and Installing Packages Manually” for instructions.

If the script fails due to installed packages being newer than those required, enter yum

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 CHAPTER 2. INSTALLING SATELLITE SERVER

distribution-synchronization to downgrade the installed packages to the versions that

came from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux ISO, then run the installation script again. This should
only occur if you have repositories configured whose source is not the Red Hat Enterprise Linux
ISO. Use of such repositories is an unsupported configuration.

2.1.4. Downloading and Installing Packages Manually

If required to download a package manually, proceed as follows:

1. Go to Red Hat Customer Portal and log in.

2. Click DOWNLOADS.

3. Select Red Hat Satellite.

4. Ensure that you have the correct product and version for your environment.

Product Variant is set to Red Hat Satellite.

Version is set to the latest minor version of the product you are using as the base system.

Architecture is set to the 64 bit version.

5. On the Packages tab, enter the name of the package required in the Search box.

6. Click Download Latest next to the package required.

7. Copy the package to the Satellite base system or another accessible storage device:

# scp localfile username@hostname:remotefile

8. Change to the directory where the package is located:

# cd /path-to-package/

9. Install the package locally:

# yum localinstall package_name

2.2. PERFORMING THE INITIAL CONFIGURATION

This section details how to perform the initial configuration of the host operating system when installing
Red Hat Satellite Server. This includes synchronizing the time, installing the sos package, and specifying
an installation option.

Before you continue, consider which manifests or packages are relevant for your environment. For more
information on manifests, see Managing Subscriptions in the Red Hat Satellite Content Management
Guide.

2.2.1. Synchronizing Time

You must start and enable a time synchronizer on the host operating system to minimize the effects of
time drift. If a system’s time is incorrect, certificate verification can fail.

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

Two NTP based time synchronizers are available: chronyd and ntpd. The chronyd implementation is
specifically recommended for systems that are frequently suspended and for systems that have
intermittent network access. The ntpd implementation should only be used when you specifically need
support for a protocol or driver not yet supported by chronyd.

For more information about the differences between ntpd and chronyd, see Differences Between ntpd
and chronyd in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 System Administrator’s Guide.

Synchronizing Time using chronyd

1. Install chronyd.

# yum install chrony

2. Start and enable the chronyd service.

# systemctl start chronyd

# systemctl enable chronyd

2.2.2. Installing the SOS Package on the Host Operating System

You should install the sos package on the host operating system. The sos package enables you to
collect configuration and diagnostic information from a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system. You can also
use it to provide the initial system analysis, which is required when opening a service request with Red
Hat Technical Support. For more information on using sos, see the Knowledgebase solution What is a
sosreport and how to create one in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.6 and later? on the Red Hat Customer
Portal.

Install the sos package.

# yum install sos

2.2.3. Specifying Installation Options

Satellite Server is installed using the satellite-installer installation script and as part of the initial
configuration, you either automatically or manually configure Satellite.

Choose from one of these two methods:

Automatic Configuration - This method is performed by using an answer file to automate the
configuration process when running the installation script. An answer file is a file containing a list
of parameters that are read by a command or script. The default Satellite answer file is
/etc/foreman-installer/scenarios.d/satellite-answers.yaml. The answer file in
use is set by the answer_file directive in the /etc/foreman-
installer/scenarios.d/satellite.yaml configuration file.
To perform the initial configuration using the installation script with an answer file, see
Section 2.2.3.2, “Performing the Initial Configuration Automatically using an Answer File”.

Manual Configuration - This method is performed by running the installation script with one or
more command options. The command options override the corresponding default initial
configuration options and are recorded in the Satellite answer file. You can run the script as often
as needed to configure any necessary options.

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 CHAPTER 2. INSTALLING SATELLITE SERVER

To perform the initial configuration using the installation script with command-line options, see
Section 2.2.3.1, “Performing the Initial Configuration Manually”.

NOTE

Depending on the options that you use when running the Satellite installer, the
configuration can take several minutes to complete. An administrator is able to view the
answer file to see previously used options for both methods.

2.2.3.1. Performing the Initial Configuration Manually

This initial configuration procedure creates an organization, location, user name, and password. After the
initial configuration, you can create additional organizations and locations if required. The initial
configuration also installs MongoDB and PostgreSQL databases on the same server. Depending on your
deployment, using external databases can benefit performance.

The installation process can take tens of minutes to complete. If you are connecting remotely to the
system, consider using a utility such as screen that allows suspending and reattaching a
communication session so that you can check the installation progress in case you become
disconnected from the remote system. The Red Hat Knowledgebase article How to use the screen
command describes installing screen; alternately see the screen manual page for more information. If
you lose connection to the shell where the installation command is running, see the log at
/var/log/foreman-installer/satellite.log to determine if the process completed
successfully.

Manually configuring Satellite Server

Use the satellite-installer --scenario satellite --help command to display the

available options and any default values. If you do not specify any values, the default values are used.

It is recommended to specify a meaningful value for the option: --foreman-initial-organization.

This can be your company name. An internal label that matches the value is also created and cannot be
changed afterwards. If you do not specify a value, an organization called Default Organization with the
label Default_Organization is created. You can rename the organization name but not the label.

By default, all configuration files configured by the installer are managed by Puppet. When satellite-
installer runs, it overwrites any manual changes to the Puppet managed files with the initial values.
By default, Satellite Server is installed with the Puppet agent running as a service. If required, you can
disable Puppet agent on Satellite Server using the --puppet-runmode=none option.

If you want to manage DNS files and DHCP files manually, use the --foreman-proxy-dns-
managed=false and --foreman-proxy-dhcp-managed=false options so that Puppet does not
manage the files related to the respective services. For more information on how to apply custom
configuration on other services, see Appendix A, Applying Custom Configuration to Red Hat Satellite.

If you want to use external databases with Satellite, before you run the satellite installer tool, you must
set up and point to external databases. For more information, see Using External Databases with
Satellite in Installing Satellite Server from a Connected Network.

# satellite-installer --scenario satellite \

--foreman-initial-organization "initial_organization_name" \
--foreman-initial-location "initial_location_name" \
--foreman-admin-username admin_user_name \

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

--foreman-admin-password admin_password \
--foreman-proxy-dns-managed=false \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-managed=false

The script displays its progress and writes logs to /var/log/foreman-installer/satellite.log.

If you have been installing in a disconnected environment, unmount the ISO images.

# umount /media/sat6
# umount /media/rhel7-server

2.2.3.2. Performing the Initial Configuration Automatically using an Answer File

You can use answer files to automate installations with customized options. The initial answer file is
sparsely populated and after you run the satellite-installer script the first time, the answer file is
populated with the standard parameter values for installation. If you have already installed
Satellite Server using the method described in Section 2.2.3.1, “Performing the Initial Configuration
Manually”, then you do not need to use this method. You can, however, use it to make changes to the
configuration of Satellite Server at any time.

You should use the FQDN instead of the IP address where possible in case of network changes.

Automatically configuring Satellite Server using an Answer File

1. Copy the default answer file /etc/foreman-installer/scenarios.d/satellite-

answers.yaml to a location on your local file system.

# cp /etc/foreman-installer/scenarios.d/satellite-answers.yaml \
/etc/foreman-installer/scenarios.d/my-answer-file.yaml

2. To view all of the configurable options, enter the satellite-installer --scenario

satellite --help command.

3. Open your copy of the answer file, edit the values to suit your environment, and save the file.

4. Open the /etc/foreman-installer/scenarios.d/satellite.yaml file and edit the

answer file entry to point to your custom answer file.

:answer_file: /etc/foreman-installer/scenarios.d/my-answer-file.yaml

5. Run the satellite-installer script.

# satellite-installer --scenario satellite

6. If you have been installing in a disconnected environment, unmount the ISO images.

# umount /media/sat6
# umount /media/rhel7-server

2.2.4. Creating a Subscription Allocation in Customer Portal

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 CHAPTER 2. INSTALLING SATELLITE SERVER

You can access your subscription information on the Red Hat Customer Portal. You can also assign
subscriptions for use in on-premise management applications, such as Red Hat Satellite, using
subscription allocations.

1. Open https://access.redhat.com/ in your browser and log in to your Red Hat account.

2. Navigate to Subscriptions in the upper-left corner of the Customer Portal.

3. Navigate to Subscription Allocations.

4. Click Create New subscription allocation.

5. In the Name field, enter a name.

6. From the Type list, select the type and version that corresponds to your Satellite Server.

7. Click Create.

2.2.5. Adding Subscriptions to an Allocation

The following procedure explains how to add subscriptions to an allocation.

1. Navigate to Subscription Allocations.

2. Select the name of the subscription you want to change.

3. Click the Subscriptions tab.

4. Click Add Subscriptions.

5. A list of your Red Hat product subscriptions appears. Enter the Entitlement Quantity for each
product.

6. Click Submit to complete the assignment.

When you have added subscriptions to the allocation, export the manifest file.

2.2.6. Exporting a Subscription Manifest from the Customer Portal

While viewing a subscription allocation that has at least one subscription, you can export a manifest in
either of two places:

From the Details tab, under the Subscription section, by clicking the Export Manifest button.

From the Subscriptions tab, by clicking the Export Manifest button.

When the manifest is exported, the Customer Portal encodes the selected subscriptions certificates and
creates a .zip archive. This is the Subscription Manifest, which can be uploaded into the Satellite Server.

2.2.6.1. Importing a Subscription Manifest into the Satellite Server

Both the Red Hat Satellite 6 Web UI and CLI provide methods for importing the manifest.

For Web UI Users

1. Ensure the context is set to the organization you want to use.

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

2. Navigate to Content > Red Hat Subscriptions.

3. Click Manage Manifest to display the manifest page for the organization.

4. Click Choose file, select the Subscription Manifest, then click Upload.

For CLI Users

The Red Hat Satellite 6 CLI requires the manifest to be on the Satellite Server. On your local client
system, copy the manifest to the Satellite Server:

[user@client ~]$ scp ~/manifest_file.zip [email protected]:~/.

Then import it using the following command:

[root@satellite ~]# hammer subscription upload \

--file ~/manifest_file.zip \
--organization "organization_name"

After a few minutes, the CLI reports a successful manifest import.

When you complete this section, you can enable repositories and import Red Hat content. This is a
prerequisite for some of the following procedures. For more information, see Importing Red Hat Content
in the Red Hat Satellite Content Management Guide.

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CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON

SATELLITE SERVER

3.1. INSTALLING THE SATELLITE TOOLS REPOSITORY

The Satellite Tools repository provides the katello-agent and puppet packages for clients
registered to Satellite Server. Installing the katello agent is recommended to allow remote updates of
clients. The base system of a Capsule Server is a client of Satellite Server and therefore should also
have the katello agent installed.

To Install the Satellite Tools Repository Using the Web UI:

1. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Content > Red Hat Repositories.

2. Use the Search field to enter the following repository name: Red Hat Satellite Tools 6.4 (for
RHEL 7 Server) (RPMs).

3. In the Available Repositories pane, click on Red Hat Satellite Tools 6.4 (for RHEL 7 Server)
(RPMs) to expand the repository set.
If the Red Hat Satellite Tools 6.4 items are not visible, it may be because they are not included
in the Subscription Manifest obtained from the Customer Portal. To correct that, log in to the
Customer Portal, add these repositories, download the Subscription Manifest and import it into
Satellite.

4. For the x86_64 entry, click the Enable icon to enable the repository.

Enable the Satellite Tools repository for every supported major version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux
running on your hosts. After enabling a Red Hat repository, a Product for this repository is automatically
created.

For CLI Users

Enable the Satellite Tools repository:

# hammer repository-set enable --organization "initial_organization_name"

\
--product 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server' \
--basearch='x86_64' \
--name 'Red Hat Satellite Tools 6.4 (for RHEL 7 Server) (RPMs)'

To Synchronize the Satellite Tools Repository Using the Web UI:

1. Navigate to Content > Sync Status.

A list of product repositories available for synchronization is displayed.

2. Click the arrow next to the product content to view available content.

3. Select the content you want to synchronize.

4. Click Synchronize Now.

For CLI Users

Synchronize your Satellite Tools repository:

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

$ hammer repository synchronize --organization "initial_organization_name"

\
--product 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server' \
--name 'Red Hat Satellite Tools 6.4 for RHEL 7 Server RPMs x86_64' \
--async

3.2. ENABLING POWER MANAGEMENT ON MANAGED HOSTS

When you enable the baseboard management controller (BMC) module on Satellite Server, you can use
power management commands on managed hosts using the intelligent platform management interface
(IPMI) or a similar protocol.

The BMC service enables you to perform a range of power management tasks. The underlying protocol
for this feature is IPMI; also referred to as the BMC function. IPMI uses a special network interface on
the managed hardware that is connected to a dedicated processor that runs independently of the host’s
CPUs. In many instances the BMC functionality is built into chassis-based systems as part of chassis
management (a dedicated module in the chassis).

For more information on the BMC service, see Configuring an Additional Network Interface in Managing
Hosts.

Before You Begin

All managed hosts must have a network interface, with type BMC. Satellite uses this NIC to pass
the appropriate credentials to the host.

Enable Power Management on Managed Hosts

1. Run the installer with the options to enable BMC.

# satellite-installer --foreman-proxy-bmc "true" \

--foreman-proxy-bmc-default-provider "freeipmi"

3.3. CONFIGURING DNS, DHCP, AND TFTP ON SATELLITE SERVER

You can configure DNS, DHCP, and TFTP on Satellite Server.

If you want to configure external services, see Configuring External Services for more information.

If you want to disable these services in Satellite in order to manage them manually, see Disabling DNS,
DHCP, and TFTP for Unmanaged Networks for more information.

To view a complete list of configurable options, enter the satellite-installer --scenario

satellite --help command.

Before You Begin

Contact your network administrator to ensure that you have the correct settings.

You should have the following information available:

DHCP IP address ranges

DHCP gateway IP address

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 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON SATELLITE SERVER

DHCP nameserver IP address

DNS information

TFTP server name

Use the FQDN instead of the IP address where possible in case of network changes.

NOTE

The information in the task is an example. You should use the information relevant to your
own environment.

Configure DNS, DHCP, and TFTP on Satellite Server

1. Run satellite-installer with the options appropriate for your environment.

# satellite-installer --scenario satellite \

--foreman-proxy-dns true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-managed true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-interface eth0 \
--foreman-proxy-dns-zone example.com \
--foreman-proxy-dns-forwarders 172.17.13.1 \
--foreman-proxy-dns-reverse 13.17.172.in-addr.arpa \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp true \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-managed true \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-interface eth0 \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-range "172.17.13.100 172.17.13.150" \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-gateway 172.17.13.1 \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-nameservers 172.17.13.2 \
--foreman-proxy-tftp true \
--foreman-proxy-tftp-managed true \
--foreman-proxy-tftp-servername $(hostname)

For more information about configuring DHCP, DNS, and TFTP services, see the Configuring
Network Services section in the Provisioning Guide.

The script displays its progress and writes logs to /var/log/foreman-

installer/satellite.log. You can view the settings used, including the
admin_password parameter, in the /etc/foreman-
installer/scenarios.d/satellite-answers.yaml file.

NOTE

Any changes to the settings require running satellite-installer again. You can run the
script multiple times and it updates all configuration files with the changed values.

3.4. DISABLING DNS, DHCP, AND TFTP FOR UNMANAGED

NETWORKS
Satellite 6 provides full management capabilities for TFTP, DHCP, and DNS network services running on
Satellite’s internal or external Capsules. If you want to manage those services manually or use some
external method, then Satellite 6 cannot directly integrate with them. While it is possible to develop

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

custom integration scripts using Foreman Hooks (such as creating DNS records after a new host is
created), this integration, also known as orchestration, must be disabled in order to prevent DHCP and
DNS validation errors.

1. In the web UI, go to Infrastructure > Subnets and select a subnet.

2. On the Capsules tab, ensure that there is no DHCP Capsule or TFTP Capsule associated by
setting the drop-down list to None.

3. Disable forward record orchestration.

a. Go to Infrastructure > Domains and select a domain.

b. On the Domain tab, setting the DNS Capsule drop-down list to None.

4. Disable reverse (PTR) record orchestration.

a. Go to Infrastructure > Subnets and select a subnet.

b. On the Capsules tab, setting the Reverse DNS Capsule drop-down list to None.

5. Optional: If you use a DHCP service supplied by a third party, configure your DHCP server to
pass the following options:

Option 66: IP_address_of_Satellite_or_Capsule

Option 67: /pxelinux.0

For more information about DHCP options, see RFC 2132.

NOTE

Satellite 6 does not perform orchestration when a Capsule is not set for a given subnet
and domain. When enabling or disabling Capsule associations, orchestration commands
for existing hosts can fail if the expected records and configuration files are not present.
When associating a Capsule in order to turn orchestration on, make sure the required
DHCP and DNS records as well as the TFTP files are in place for existing Satellite 6
managed hosts in order to prevent host deletion failures in the future.

3.5. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER FOR OUTGOING EMAILS

To send email messages from Satellite Server, you can use either an SMTP server, or the sendmail
command.

Prerequisites
If you have upgraded from a previous release, rename or remove the configuration file
/usr/share/foreman/config/email.yaml and restart the httpd service. For example:

# mv /usr/share/foreman/config/email.yaml \
/usr/share/foreman/config/email.yaml-backup
# systemctl restart httpd

To Configure Satellite Server for Outgoing Emails:

1. In the Satellite web UI, navigate to Administer → Settings.

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 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON SATELLITE SERVER

2. Click the Email tab and set the configuration options to match your preferred delivery method.
The changes have an immediate effect.

a. The following example shows the configuration options for using an SMTP server:

Table 3.1. Using an SMTP server as a delivery method

Name Example value

Delivery method SMTP

SMTP address smtp.example.com

SMTP authentication login

SMTP HELO/EHLO domain example.com

SMTP password password

SMTP port 25

SMTP username [email protected]

The SMTP username and SMTP password specify the login credentials for the SMTP
server.

b. The following example uses gmail.com as an SMTP server:

Table 3.2. Using gmail.com as an SMTP server

Name Example value

Delivery method SMTP

SMTP address smtp.gmail.com

SMTP authentication plain

SMTP HELO/EHLO domain smtp.gmail.com

SMTP enable StartTLS auto Yes

SMTP password password

SMTP port 587

SMTP username [email protected]

c. The following example uses the sendmail command as a delivery method:

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

Table 3.3. Using sendmail as a delivery method

Name Example value

Delivery method Sendmail

Sendmail arguments -i -t -G

The Sendmail arguments specify the options passed to the sendmail command. The
default value is -i -t. For more information see the sendmail 1 man page.

3. If you decide to send email using an SMTP server which uses TLS authentication, also perform
one of the following steps:

Mark the CA certificate of the SMTP server as trusted. To do so, execute the following
commands on Satellite Server:

# cp mailca.crt /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
# update-ca-trust enable
# update-ca-trust

Where mailca.crt is the CA certificate of the SMTP server.

Alternatively, in the web UI, set the SMTP enable StartTLS auto option to No.

4. Click Test email to send a test message to the user’s email address to confirm the configuration
is working. If a message fails to send, the web UI displays an error. See the log at
/var/log/foreman/production.log for further details.

NOTE

For information on configuring email notifications for individual users or user groups, see
Configuring Email Notifications in Administering Red Hat Satellite.

3.6. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER WITH A CUSTOM SERVER

CERTIFICATE
SSL certificates are used to protect information and enable secure communication. Red Hat Satellite 6
creates self-signed SSL certificates to enable encrypted communications between the Satellite Server,
external Capsule Servers, and all hosts. Instead of using these self-signed certificates, you can install
custom SSL certificates issued by a Certificate Authority which is an external, trusted company. For
example, your company might have a security policy stating that SSL certificates must be obtained from
a Certificate Authority. To obtain the certificate, create a Certificate Signing Request and send it to the
Certificate Authority, as described in Section 3.6.1, “Obtain an SSL Certificate for the Satellite Server”. In
return, you receive a signed SSL certificate.

NOTE

Obtain custom SSL certificates for the Satellite Server and all external Capsule Servers
before starting this procedure.

To use a custom certificate on Satellite Server, complete these steps:

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 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON SATELLITE SERVER

1. Section 3.6.1, “Obtain an SSL Certificate for the Satellite Server”

2. Section 3.6.2, “Validate the Satellite Server’s SSL Certificate”

3. Section 3.6.3, “Run the Satellite Installer with Custom Certificate Parameters”

4. Section 3.6.4, “Install the New Certificate on all Hosts Connected to the Satellite Server”

5. If you have external Capsule Servers registered to the Satellite Server, proceed to Configuring
Capsule Server with a Custom Server Certificate in the Installing Capsule Server guide to
configure the Capsule Servers to use a custom certificate.

3.6.1. Obtain an SSL Certificate for the Satellite Server

IMPORTANT

Only PEM encoding must be used for the SSL Certificates.

NOTE

If you already have a custom SSL Certificate for the Satellite Server, skip this procedure.

1. Create a directory to contain all the source certificate files, accessible to only the root user.
In these examples, the directory is /root/sat_cert.

# mkdir /root/sat_cert
# cd /root/sat_cert

2. Create a private key with which to sign the Certificate Signing Request (CSR).

NOTE

If you already have a private key for the Satellite Server, skip this step.

# openssl genrsa -out /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem 4096

3. Create a Certificate Signing Request (CSR)

A Certificate Signing Request is a text file containing details of the server for which you are
requesting a certificate. For this command, you provide the private key (output by the previous
step), answer some questions about the Satellite Server, and the Certificate Signing Request is
created.

NOTE

The certificate’s Common Name (CN) must match the fully-qualified domain
name (FQDN) of the server on which it is used. If you are requesting a certificate
for a Satellite Server, this is the FQDN of the Satellite Server. If you are
requesting a certificate for a Capsule Server, this is the FQDN of the
Capsule Server.

To confirm a server’s FQDN, enter the following command on that server:

hostname -f.

29
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

# openssl req -new \

-key /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem \ 1
-out /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_csr.pem 2

1 Satellite Server’s private key, used to sign the certificate

2 Certificate Signing Request file

Example Certificate Signing Request session

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be

incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name
or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:AU

State or Province Name (full name) []:Queensland
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Brisbane
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:Example
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Sales
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname)
[]:satellite.example.com
Email Address []:[email protected]

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:password
An optional company name []:Example

4. Send the certificate request to the Certificate Authority.

When you submit the request, be sure to specify the lifespan of the certificate. The method for
sending the certificate request varies, so consult the Certificate Authority for the preferred
method. In response to the request you can expect to receive a Certificate Authority bundle, and
a signed certificate, in separate files.

3.6.2. Validate the Satellite Server’s SSL Certificate

Enter the katello-certs-check command with the required parameters as per the following
example. This validates the input files required for custom certificates and outputs the commands
necessary to install them on the Satellite Server, all Capsule Servers, and hosts under management with
Satellite.

1. Validate the custom SSL certificate input files. Change the files' names to match your files.

# katello-certs-check \
-c /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert.pem \ 1
-k /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem \ 2
-b /root/sat_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem 3

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 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON SATELLITE SERVER

1 Certificate file for the Satellite Server, signed by your Certificate Authority

2 Satellite Server’s private key, used to sign the certificate

3 Certificate Authority bundle

Example output of katello-certs-check

Checking expiration of certificate: [OK]

Checking expiration of CA bundle: [OK]
Validating the certificate subject=
/C=AU/ST=Queensland/L=Brisbane/O=Example/OU=Sales/CN=satellite.example.com
/[email protected]
Checking to see if the private key matches the certificate: [OK]
Checking ca bundle against the cert file: [OK]
Checking for non ascii characters[OK]

Validation succeeded.

To install the Satellite server with the following custom certificates,

run:

satellite-installer --scenario satellite\

--certs-server-cert "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert.pem"\
--certs-server-key "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem"\
--certs-server-ca-cert "/root/sat_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem"

To update the certificates on a currently running Satellite installation,

run:

satellite-installer --scenario satellite\

--certs-server-cert "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert.pem"\
--certs-server-key "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem"\
--certs-server-ca-cert "/root/sat_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem"\
--certs-update-server --certs-update-server-ca

To use them inside a NEW $CAPSULE, run this command:

capsule-certs-generate --foreman-proxy-fqdn "$CAPSULE"\

--certs-tar "~/$CAPSULE-certs.tar"\
--server-cert "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert.pem"\
--server-key "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem"\
--server-ca-cert "/root/sat_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem"\

To use them inside an EXISTING $CAPSULE, run this command INSTEAD:

capsule-certs-generate --foreman-proxy-fqdn "$CAPSULE"\

--certs-tar "~/$CAPSULE-certs.tar"\
--server-cert "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert.pem"\
--server-cert-req "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_csr.pem"\
--server-key "/root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem"\
--server-ca-cert "/root/sat_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem"\
--certs-update-server

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

3.6.3. Run the Satellite Installer with Custom Certificate Parameters

Now that you have created an SSL certificate and verified it is valid for use with Red Hat Satellite 6, the
next step is to install the custom SSL certificate on the Satellite Server and all its hosts.

There is a minor variation to this step, depending on whether or not the Satellite Server is already
installed. If it is already installed, the existing certificates must be updated with those in the certificates
archive.

The commands in this section are output by the katello-certs-check command, as detailed in
Section 3.6.2, “Validate the Satellite Server’s SSL Certificate”, and can be copied and pasted into a
terminal.

1. Enter the satellite-installer command, depending on your situation:

a. If Satellite is already installed, enter the following command on the Satellite Server:

# satellite-installer --scenario satellite \

--certs-server-cert /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert.pem \
--certs-server-key /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem \
--certs-server-ca-cert /root/sat_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem \
--certs-update-server --certs-update-server-ca

Important parameters in this command include --certs-update-server and --certs-

update-server-ca, which specify that the server’s SSL certificate and certificate authority
are to be updated. For a brief description of all the installer’s parameters, enter the
command: satellite-installer --scenario satellite --help.

NOTE

For all files in the satellite-installer command, use full path names,
not relative path names. The installer records all files' paths and names, and
if you enter the installer again, but from a different directory, it may fail as it is
unable to find the original files.

b. If Satellite is not already installed, enter the following command on the Satellite Server:

# satellite-installer --scenario satellite \

--certs-server-cert /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert.pem \
--certs-server-key /root/sat_cert/satellite_cert_key.pem \
--certs-server-ca-cert /root/sat_cert/ca_cert_bundle.pem

NOTE

For all files in the satellite-installer command, use full path names,
not relative path names. The installer records all files' paths and names, and
if you enter the installer again, but from a different directory, it may fail as it is
unable to find the original files.

2. Verify the certificate has been successfully installed on the Satellite Server before installing it on
hosts. On a computer with network access to the Satellite Server, start a web browser, navigate
to the URL https://satellite.example.com and view the certificate’s details.

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 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON SATELLITE SERVER

3.6.4. Install the New Certificate on all Hosts Connected to the Satellite Server
Now that the custom SSL certificate has been installed on the Satellite Server, it must also be installed
on every host registered to the Satellite Server. Enter the following commands on all applicable hosts.

1. Delete the current katello-ca-consumer package on the host.

# yum remove 'katello-ca-consumer*'

2. Install the custom SSL certificate on the host.

# yum localinstall http://satellite.example.com/pub/katello-ca-

consumer-latest.noarch.rpm

3.7. USING EXTERNAL DATABASES WITH SATELLITE

As part of the installation process for Red Hat Satellite, the satellite-installer command installs
MongoDB and PostgreSQL databases on the same server as Satellite. In certain Satellite deployments,
using external databases can help with the server load. However, there are many factors that can affect
Satellite Server’s performance. Moving to an external database might not help your specific problem.

Depending on your requirements, you can use external databases for either MongoDB or PostgreSQL
database, or both.

Red Hat does not provide support or tools for external database maintenance. This includes backups,
upgrades, and database tuning. Customers using an external database require their own database
administrator to support and maintain the database.

If your Satellite deployment requires external databases, use the following information to set up and point
to external databases from Satellite.

3.7.1. MongoDB as an External Database Considerations

Pulp uses the MongoDB database. If you want to use MongoDB as an external database, the following
information can help you discern if this option is right for your Satellite configuration.

Advantages of External MongoDB

Increase in free memory and free CPU on Satellite

Flexibility to tune the MongoDB server’s system without adversely affecting Satellite operations

Disadvantages of External MongoDB

Increase in deployment complexity that can make troubleshooting more difficult

An external MongoDB server is an additional system to patch and maintain

If either the Satellite or the Mongo database server suffers a hardware or storage failure,
Satellite is not operational

If there is latency between the Satellite and the external database server, performance can
suffer

If you suspect that your Mongo database is slow, you can work with Red Hat Support to troubleshoot.

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

You might be encountering a configuration problem or existing performance problems with Satellite 6
that moving to an external database server might not help. Red Hat Support can examine existing known
issues and also work with the Satellite Engineering team to determine the root cause.

3.7.2. PostgreSQL as an External Database Considerations

Foreman, Katello, and Candlepin use the PostgreSQL database. If you want to use PostgreSQL as an
external database, the following information can help you discern if this option is right for your Satellite
configuration.

Advantages of External PostgreSQL:

Increase in free memory and free CPU on Satellite

Flexibility to set shared_buffers on the PostgreSQL database to a high number without the
risk of interfering with other services on Satellite

Flexibility to tune the PostgreSQL server’s system without adversely affecting Satellite
operations

Disadvantages of External PostgreSQL

Increase in deployment complexity that can make troubleshooting more difficult

The external PostgreSQL server is an additional system to patch and maintain

If either Satellite or the PostgreSQL database server suffers a hardware or storage failure,
Satellite is not operational

If there is latency between the Satellite server and database server, performance can suffer

If you suspect that the PostgreSQL database on your Satellite is causing performance problems, use the
information in Satellite 6: How to enable postgres query logging to detect slow running queries to
determine if you have slow queries. Queries that take longer than one second are typically caused by
performance issues with large installations, and moving to an external database might not help. If you
have slow queries, contact Red Hat Support.

3.7.3. Overview
To create and use a remote database for Satellite, you must complete the following procedures:

1. Use Section 1.2, “Storage Requirements and Guidelines” to plan the storage requirements for
your external databases

2. Prepare PostgreSQL with databases for Foreman and Candlepin and dedicated users owning
them

3. Prepare MongoDB with user pulp owning the pulp_database

4. Follow the initial steps to install Satellite and ensure that the databases are accessible from
Satellite

5. Edit the parameters of satellite-installer to point to the new databases, and run
satellite-installer

Preparing Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7 for Database Installation

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 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON SATELLITE SERVER

You require a freshly provisioned system with the latest Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7 that meets the
storage requirements from Section 1.2, “Storage Requirements and Guidelines”.

Subscriptions for Red Hat Software Collections and Red Hat Enterprise Linux do not provide the correct
service level agreement for using Satellite with external databases. You must also attach a Satellite
subscription to the base system that you want to use for the external database.

1. Use the instructions in Identifying and Attaching the Satellite Subscription to the Host to attach a
Satellite subscription to your server.

2. To install MongoDB and PostgreSQL servers on Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7, you must
disable all repositories and enable only the following repositories:

# subscription-manager repos --disable "*"

# subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-server-rhscl-7-rpms \
--enable=rhel-7-server-rpms

3.7.4. Installing MongoDB

You can install only the same version of MongoDB that is installed with the satellite-installer
tool during an internal database installation. You can install MongoDB using Red Hat Software
Collections (RHSCL) repositories or from an external source, as long as the version is supported.
Satellite supports MongoDB version 3.4.

1. To install MongoDB, enter the following command:

# yum install rh-mongodb34 rh-mongodb34-syspaths

2. Start and enable the rh-mongodb34 service:

# systemctl start rh-mongodb34-mongod

# systemctl enable rh-mongodb34-mongod

3. Create a Pulp user on MongoDB for database pulp_database:

# mongo pulp_database \
--eval "db.createUser({user:'pulp',pwd:'pulp_password',roles:
[{role:'dbOwner', db:'pulp_database'},{ role: 'readWrite', db:
'pulp_database'}]})"

4. In the /etc/opt/rh/rh-mongodb34/mongod.conf file, specify the bind IP:

bindIp: your_mongodb_server_bind_IP,::1

5. Edit the /etc/opt/rh/rh-mongodb34/mongod.conf file to enable authentication in the

security section:

security:
authorization: enabled

6. Restart the rh-mongodb34-mongod service:

# systemctl restart rh-mongodb34-mongod

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

7. Open port 27017 for MongoDB:

# firewall-cmd --add-port=27017/tcp
# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

8. Test the connection from Satellite to the external MongoDB for database pulp_database:

# scl enable rh-mongodb34 " mongo --host mongo.example.com \

-u pulp -p pulp_password --port 27017 --eval 'ping:1' pulp_database"

3.7.5. Installing PostgreSQL

You can install only the same version of PostgreSQL that is installed with the satellite-installer
tool during an internal database installation. Satellite supports only a specific version of PostgreSQL that
is available through Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7 repositories. You can install PostgreSQL using
rhel-7-server-rpms repositories or from an external source, as long as the version is supported. For
more information about the repository that contains the supported version of PostgreSQL, and what
version is supported, see the Package Manifest.

1. To install PostgreSQL, enter the following command:

# yum install postgresql-server

2. To initialize, start, and enable PostgreSQL service, enter the following commands:

# postgresql-setup initdb
# systemctl start postgresql
# systemctl enable postgresql

3. Edit the /var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf file:

# vi /var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf

4. Remove the # and edit to listen to inbound connections:

listen_addresses = "*"

5. Edit the /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf file:

# vi /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf

6. Add the following line to the file:

host all all satellite_server_ip/24 md5

7. Restart PostgreSQL service to update with the changes:

# systemctl restart postgresql

8. Open the postgresql port on the external PostgreSQL server:

# firewall-cmd --add-service=postgresql

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 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMING ADDITIONAL CONFIGURATION ON SATELLITE SERVER

# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

9. Switch to the postgres user and start the PostgreSQL client:

$ su - postgres -c psql

10. Create two databases and dedicated roles, one for Satellite and one for Candlepin:

CREATE USER "foreman" WITH PASSWORD 'Foreman_Password';

CREATE USER "candlepin" WITH PASSWORD 'Candlepin_Password';
CREATE DATABASE foreman OWNER foreman;
CREATE DATABASE candlepin OWNER candlepin;

11. From Satellite Server, test that you can access the database:

# PGPASSWORD='Foreman_Password' psql -h postgres.example.com -p

5432 -U foreman -d foreman -c "SELECT 1 as ping"
# PGPASSWORD='Candlepin_Password' psql -h postgres.example.com -p
5432 -U candlepin -d candlepin -c "SELECT 1 as ping"

12. To install and configure the remote database for Satellite, enter the following command:

satellite-installer --scenario satellite \

--foreman-db-host postgres.example.com \
--foreman-db-password Foreman_Password \
--foreman-db-database foreman \
--katello-candlepin-db-host postgres.example.com \
--katello-candlepin-db-name candlepin \
--katello-candlepin-db-password Candlepin_Password \
--katello-candlepin-manage-db false \
--katello-pulp-db-username pulp \
--katello-pulp-db-password pulp_password \
--katello-pulp-db-seeds mongo.example.com:27017 \
--katello-pulp-db-name pulp_database

You can query the status of your databases. For example, enter the following command with the --
only and add postgresql or rh-mongodb34-mongod:

For PostgreSQL, enter the following command:

# foreman-maintain service status --only postgresql

For MongoDB, enter the following command:

# foreman-maintain service status --only rh-mongodb34-mongod

3.8. RESTRICTING ACCESS TO MONGOD

Only the apache and root users should be allowed access to the MongoDB database daemon,
mongod, to reduce the risk of data loss.

Restrict access to mongod on Satellite and Capsule Servers using the following commands.

37
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

1. Configure the Firewall.

# firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \

tcp -m tcp --dport 27017 -m owner --uid-owner apache -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 27017 -m owner --uid-owner apache -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 27017 -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 27017 -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 1 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 27017 -j DROP \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter OUTPUT 1 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 27017 -j DROP \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 28017 -m owner --uid-owner apache -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 28017 -m owner --uid-owner apache -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 28017 -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter OUTPUT 0 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 28017 -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 1 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 28017 -j DROP \
&& firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter OUTPUT 1 -o lo -p \
tcp -m tcp --dport 28017 -j DROP

2. Make the changes persistent:

# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

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 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

Some environments have existing DNS, DHCP, and TFTP services and do not need to use the Satellite
Server to provide these services. If you want to use external servers to provide DNS, DHCP, or TFTP,
you can configure them for use with Satellite Server.

If you want to disable these services in Satellite in order to manage them manually, see Disabling DNS,
DHCP, and TFTP for Unmanaged Networks for more information.

4.1. CONFIGURING SATELLITE WITH EXTERNAL DNS

You can configure Satellite to use an external server to provide DNS service.

1. Deploy a Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server and install the ISC DNS Service.

# yum install bind bind-utils

2. Create the configuration file for a domain.

The following example configures a domain virtual.lan as one subnet 192.168.38.0/24, a
security key named capsule, and sets forwarders to Google’s public DNS addresses (8.8.8.8
and 8.8.4.4). 192.168.38.2 is the IP address of a DNS server and 192.168.38.1 is the IP address
of a Satellite Server or a Capsule Server.

# cat /etc/named.conf
include "/etc/rndc.key";

controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 port 953 allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { "capsule";
};
inet 192.168.38.2 port 953 allow { 192.168.38.1; 192.168.38.2; }
keys { "capsule"; };
};

options {
directory "/var/named";
forwarders { 8.8.8.8; 8.8.4.4; };
};

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";

zone "38.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "dynamic/38.168.192-rev";
update-policy {
grant "capsule" zonesub ANY;
};
};

zone "virtual.lan" IN {
type master;
file "dynamic/virtual.lan";
update-policy {
grant "capsule" zonesub ANY;
};
};

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

The inet line must be entered as one line in the configuration file.

3. Create a key file.

# ddns-confgen -k capsule

This command can take a long time to complete.

4. Copy and paste the output from the key section into a separate file called /etc/rndc.key.

# cat /etc/rndc.key
key "capsule" {
algorithm hmac-sha256;
secret "GeBbgGoLedEAAwNQPtPh3zP56MJbkwM84UJDtaUS9mw=";
};

IMPORTANT

This is the key used to change DNS server configuration. Only the root user
should read and write to it.

5. Create zone files.

# cat /var/named/dynamic/virtual.lan
$ORIGIN .
$TTL 10800 ; 3 hours
virtual.lan IN SOA service.virtual.lan.
root.virtual.lan. (
9 ; serial
86400 ; refresh (1 day)
3600 ; retry (1 hour)
604800 ; expire (1 week)
3600 ; minimum (1 hour)
)
NS service.virtual.lan.
$ORIGIN virtual.lan.
$TTL 86400 ; 1 day
capsule A 192.168.38.1
service A 192.168.38.2

6. Create the reverse zone file.

# cat /var/named/dynamic/38.168.192-rev
$ORIGIN .
$TTL 10800 ; 3 hours
38.168.192.in-addr.arpa IN SOA service.virtual.lan.
root.38.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (
4 ; serial
86400 ; refresh (1 day)
3600 ; retry (1 hour)
604800 ; expire (1 week)
3600 ; minimum (1 hour)
)

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 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

NS service.virtual.lan.
$ORIGIN 38.168.192.in-addr.arpa.
$TTL 86400 ; 1 day
1 PTR capsule.virtual.lan.
2 PTR service.virtual.lan.

There should be no extra non-ASCII characters.

4.2. VERIFYING AND STARTING THE DNS SERVICE

1. Validate the syntax.

# named-checkconf -z /etc/named.conf

2. Start the server.

# systemctl restart named

3. Add a new host.

The following uses the example host 192.168.38.2. You should change this to suit your
environment.

# echo -e "server 192.168.38.2\n \

update add aaa.virtual.lan 3600 IN A 192.168.38.10\n \
send\n" | nsupdate -k /etc/rndc.key

4. Test that the DNS service can resolve the new host.

# nslookup aaa.virtual.lan 192.168.38.2

5. If necessary, delete the new entry.

# echo -e "server 192.168.38.2\n \

update delete aaa.virtual.lan 3600 IN A 192.168.38.10\n \
send\n" | nsupdate -k /etc/rndc.key

6. Configure the firewall for external access to the DNS service (UDP and TCP on port 53).

# firewall-cmd --add-port="53/udp" --add-port="53/tcp" \

&& firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

4.3. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER WITH EXTERNAL DHCP

You can use this section to configure your Red Hat Satellite Server to work with an external DHCP
server.

To configure the DHCP server and share the DHCP configuration and lease files

1. Deploy a Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server and install the ISC DHCP Service and Berkeley
Internet Name Domain (BIND).

# yum install dhcp bind

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

2. Generate a security token in an empty directory.

# dnssec-keygen -a HMAC-MD5 -b 512 -n HOST omapi_key

The above command can take a long time, for less-secure proof-of-concept deployments you
can use a non-blocking random number generator.

# dnssec-keygen -r /dev/urandom -a HMAC-MD5 -b 512 -n HOST omapi_key

This creates the key pair in two files in the current directory.

3. Copy the secret hash from the key.

# cat Komapi_key.+*.private |grep ^Key|cut -d ' ' -f2

4. Edit the dhcpd configuration file for all of the subnets and add the key as in the example:

# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
default-lease-time 604800;
max-lease-time 2592000;
log-facility local7;

subnet 192.168.38.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.38.10 192.168.38.100;
option routers 192.168.38.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-search "virtual.lan";
option domain-name "virtual.lan";
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
}

omapi-port 7911;
key omapi_key {
algorithm HMAC-MD5;
secret "jNSE5YI3H1A8Oj/tkV4...A2ZOHb6zv315CkNAY7DMYYCj48Umw==";
};
omapi-key omapi_key;

5. Delete the two key files from the directory where you created them.

6. Define each subnet on the Satellite Server.

It is recommended to set up a lease range and reservation range separately to prevent conflicts.
For example, the lease range is 192.168.38.10 to 192.168.38.100 so the reservation range
(defined in the Satellite web UI) is 192.168.38.101 to 192.168.38.250. Do not set DHCP Capsule
for the defined Subnet yet.

7. Configure the firewall for external access to the DHCP server.

# firewall-cmd --add-service dhcp \

&& firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

8. Determine the UID and GID numbers of the foreman user on the Satellite Server.

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 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

# id -u foreman
993
# id -g foreman
990

9. Create the same user and group with the same IDs on the DHCP server.

# groupadd -g 990 foreman

# useradd -u 993 -g 990 -s /sbin/nologin foreman

10. To make the configuration files readable, restore the read and execute flags.

# chmod o+rx /etc/dhcp/

# chmod o+r /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# chattr +i /etc/dhcp/ /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

11. Start the DHCP service.

# systemctl start dhcpd

12. Export the DHCP configuration and leases files using NFS.

# yum install nfs-utils

# systemctl enable rpcbind nfs-server
# systemctl start rpcbind nfs-server nfs-lock nfs-idmapd

13. Create the DHCP configuration and leases files to be exported using NFS.

# mkdir -p /exports/var/lib/dhcpd /exports/etc/dhcp

14. Add the following line to the /etc/fstab file to create mount points for the newly created
directories.

/var/lib/dhcpd /exports/var/lib/dhcpd none bind,auto 0 0

/etc/dhcp /exports/etc/dhcp none bind,auto 0 0

15. Mount the file systems in /etc/fstab.

# mount -a

16. Ensure the following lines are present in /etc/exports:

/exports
192.168.38.1(rw,async,no_root_squash,fsid=0,no_subtree_check)

/exports/etc/dhcp
192.168.38.1(ro,async,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,nohide)

/exports/var/lib/dhcpd
192.168.38.1(ro,async,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,nohide)

17. Reload the NFS server.

43
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

# exportfs -rva

18. Configure the firewall for the DHCP omapi port 7911 for the Satellite Server.

# firewall-cmd --add-port="7911/tcp" \
&& firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

19. If required, configure the firewall for external access to NFS.

Clients are configured using NFSv3.

Use the firewalld daemon’s NFS service to configure the firewall.

# firewall-cmd --zone public --add-service mountd \

&& firewall-cmd --zone public --add-service rpc-bind \
&& firewall-cmd --zone public --add-service nfs \
&& firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

To configure the Satellite Server

1. Install the NFS client.

# yum install nfs-utils

2. Create the DHCP directories for NFS.

# mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/etc/dhcp /mnt/nfs/var/lib/dhcpd

3. Change the file owner.

# chown -R foreman-proxy /mnt/nfs

4. Verify communication with the NFS server and RPC communication paths.

# showmount -e your_DHCP_server_FQDN
# rpcinfo -p your_DHCP_server_FQDN

5. Add the following lines to the /etc/fstab file:

your_DHCP_server_FQDN:/exports/etc/dhcp /mnt/nfs/etc/dhcp nfs

ro,vers=3,auto,nosharecache,context="system_u:object_r:dhcp_etc_t:s0
" 0 0

your_DHCP_server_FQDN:/exports/var/lib/dhcpd /mnt/nfs/var/lib/dhcpd
nfs
ro,vers=3,auto,nosharecache,context="system_u:object_r:dhcpd_state_t
:s0" 0 0

6. Mount the file systems on /etc/fstab.

# mount -a

7. Read the relevant files.

44
 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

# su foreman-proxy -s /bin/bash
bash-4.2$ cat /mnt/nfs/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
bash-4.2$ cat /mnt/nfs/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases
bash-4.2$ exit

8. Run the satellite-installer script to make the following persistent changes to the
/etc/foreman-proxy/settings.d/dhcp.yml file.

# satellite-installer --foreman-proxy-dhcp=true \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-provider=remote_isc \
--foreman-proxy-plugin-dhcp-remote-isc-dhcp-config
/mnt/nfs/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf \
--foreman-proxy-plugin-dhcp-remote-isc-dhcp-leases
/mnt/nfs/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases \
--foreman-proxy-plugin-dhcp-remote-isc-key-name=omapi_key \
--foreman-proxy-plugin-dhcp-remote-isc-key-
secret=jNSE5YI3H1A8Oj/tkV4...A2ZOHb6zv315CkNAY7DMYYCj48Umw== \
--foreman-proxy-plugin-dhcp-remote-isc-omapi-port=7911 \
--enable-foreman-proxy-plugin-dhcp-remote-isc \
--foreman-proxy-dhcp-server=your_DHCP_server_FQDN

9. Restart the foreman-proxy service.

# systemctl restart foreman-proxy

10. Log in to the Satellite Server web UI.

11. Go to Infrastructure > Capsules. Locate the appropriate Capsule Server and from the Actions
drop-down list, select Refresh. The DHCP feature should appear.

12. Associate the DHCP service with the appropriate subnets and domain.

4.4. CONFIGURING SATELLITE SERVER WITH EXTERNAL TFTP

Use this procedure to configure your Satellite Server with external TFTP services.

You can use TFTP services through NAT, for more information see Using TFTP services through NAT in
the Provisioning guide.

Before You Begin

You should have already configured NFS and the firewall for external access to NFS. See
Configuring Satellite Server with External DHCP.

Configure Satellite Server with External TFTP

1. Install and enable the TFTP server.

# yum install tftp-server syslinux

2. Enable and activate the tftp.socket unit.

45
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

# systemctl enable tftp.socket

# systemctl start tftp.socket

3. Configure the PXELinux environment.

# mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/{boot,pxelinux.cfg,grub2}
# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32,chain.c32} \
/var/lib/tftpboot/

4. Restore SELinux file contexts.

# restorecon -RvF /var/lib/tftpboot/

5. Create the TFTP directory to be exported using NFS.

# mkdir -p /exports/var/lib/tftpboot

6. Add the newly created mount point to the /etc/fstab file.

/var/lib/tftpboot /exports/var/lib/tftpboot none bind,auto 0 0

7. Mount the file systems in /etc/fstab.

# mount -a

8. Ensure the following lines are present in /etc/exports:

/exports
192.168.38.1(rw,async,no_root_squash,fsid=0,no_subtree_check)

/exports/var/lib/tftpboot
192.168.38.1(rw,async,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,nohide)

The first line is common to the DHCP configuration and therefore should already be present if
the previous procedure was completed on this system.

9. Reload the NFS server.

# exportfs -rva

4.4.1. Configuring the Firewall for External Access to TFTP

1. Configure the firewall (UDP on port 69).

# firewall-cmd --add-port="69/udp" \
&& firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

4.5. CONFIGURING SATELLITE OR CAPSULE WITH EXTERNAL IDM

DNS

46
 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

Red Hat Satellite can be configured to use a Red Hat Identity Management (IdM) server to provide the
DNS service. Two methods are described here to achieve this, both using a transaction key. For more
information on Red Hat Identity Management, see the Linux Domain Identity, Authentication, and Policy
Guide.

The first method is to install the IdM client which automates the process with the generic security service
algorithm for secret key transaction (GSS-TSIG) technology defined in RFC3645. This method requires
installing the IdM client on the Satellite Server or Capsule’s base system and having an account created
by the IdM server administrator for use by the Satellite administrator. See Section 4.5.1, “Configuring
Dynamic DNS Update with GSS-TSIG Authentication” to use this method.

The second method, secret key transaction authentication for DNS (TSIG), uses an rndc.key for
authentication. It requires root access to the IdM server to edit the BIND configuration file, installing the
BIND utility on the Satellite Server’s base system, and coping the rndc.key to between the systems.
This technology is defined in RFC2845. See Section 4.5.2, “Configuring Dynamic DNS Update with
TSIG Authentication” to use this method.

NOTE

You are not required to use Satellite to manage DNS. If you are using the Realm
enrollment feature of Satellite, where provisioned hosts are enrolled automatically to IdM,
then the ipa-client-install script creates DNS records for the client. The following
procedure and Realm enrollment are therefore mutually exclusive. For more information
on configuring Realm enrollment, see External Authentication for Provisioned Hosts in
Administering Red Hat Satellite.

Determining where to install the IdM Client

When Satellite Server wants to add a DNS record for a host, it first determines which Capsule is
providing DNS for that domain. It then communicates with the Capsule and adds the record. The hosts
themselves are not involved in this process. This means you should install and configure the IdM client
on the Satellite or Capsule that is currently configured to provide a DNS service for the domain you want
to manage using the IdM server.

4.5.1. Configuring Dynamic DNS Update with GSS-TSIG Authentication

In this example, Satellite Server has the following settings.

Host name satellite.example.com

Network 192.168.55.0/24

The IdM server has the following settings.

Host name idm1.example.com

Domain name example.com

Before you Begin.

47
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

1. Confirm the IdM server is deployed and the host-based firewall has been configured correctly.
For more information, see Port Requirements in the Linux Domain Identity, Authentication, and
Policy Guide.

2. Obtain an account on the IdM server with permissions to create zones on the IdM server.

3. Confirm if the Satellite or an external Capsule is managing DNS for a domain.

4. Confirm that the Satellite or external Capsule are currently working as expected.

5. In the case of a newly installed system, complete the installation procedures in this guide first. In
particular, DNS and DHCP configuration should have been completed.

6. Make a backup of the answer file in case you have to revert the changes. See Specifying
Installation Options for more information.

Create a Kerberos Principal on the IdM Server.

1. Ensure you have a Kerberos ticket.

# kinit idm_user

Where idm_user is the account created for you by the IdM administrator.

2. Create a new Kerberos principal for the Satellite or Capsule to use to authenticate to the IdM
server.

# ipa service-add capsule/satellite.example.com

Install and Configure the IdM Client.

Do this on the Satellite or Capsule Server that is managing the DNS service for a domain.

1. Install the IdM client package.

# yum install ipa-client

2. Configure the IdM client by running the installation script and following the on-screen prompts.

# ipa-client-install

3. Ensure you have a Kerberos ticket.

# kinit admin

4. Remove any preexisting keytab.

# rm /etc/foreman-proxy/dns.keytab

5. Get the keytab created for this system.

# ipa-getkeytab -p capsule/[email protected] \
-s idm1.example.com -k /etc/foreman-proxy/dns.keytab

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 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

NOTE

When adding a keytab to a standby system with the same host name as the
original system in service, add the r option to prevent generating new credentials
and rendering the credentials on the original system invalid.

6. Set the group and owner for the keytab file to foreman-proxy as follows.

# chown foreman-proxy:foreman-proxy /etc/foreman-proxy/dns.keytab

7. If required, check the keytab is valid.

# kinit -kt /etc/foreman-proxy/dns.keytab \

capsule/[email protected]

Configure DNS Zones in the IdM web UI.

1. Create and configure the zone to be managed:

a. Navigate to Network Services > DNS > DNS Zones.

b. Select Add and enter the zone name. In this example, example.com.

c. Click Add and Edit.

d. On the Settings tab, in the BIND update policy box, add an entry as follows to the semi-
colon separated list.

grant capsule\[email protected] wildcard *

ANY;

e. Ensure Dynamic update is set to True.

f. Enable Allow PTR sync.

g. Select Save to save the changes.

2. Create and Configure the reverse zone.

a. Navigate to Network Services > DNS > DNS Zones.

b. Select Add.

c. Select Reverse zone IP network and add the network address in CIDR format to enable
reverse lookups.

d. Click Add and Edit.

e. On the Settings tab, in the BIND update policy box, add an entry as follows to the semi-
colon separated list:

grant capsule\[email protected] wildcard *

ANY;

f. Ensure Dynamic update is set to True.

49
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

g. Select Save to save the changes.

Configure the Satellite or Capsule Server Managing the DNS Service for the Domain.

On a Satellite Server’s Base System.

satellite-installer --scenario satellite \

--foreman-proxy-dns=true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-managed=true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-provider=nsupdate_gss \
--foreman-proxy-dns-server="idm1.example.com" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-tsig-
principal="capsule/[email protected]" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-tsig-keytab=/etc/foreman-proxy/dns.keytab \
--foreman-proxy-dns-reverse="55.168.192.in-addr.arpa" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-zone=example.com \
--foreman-proxy-dns-ttl=86400

On a Capsule Server’s Base System.

satellite-installer --scenario capsule \

--foreman-proxy-dns=true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-managed=true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-provider=nsupdate_gss \
--foreman-proxy-dns-server="idm1.example.com" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-tsig-
principal="capsule/[email protected]" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-tsig-keytab=/etc/foreman-proxy/dns.keytab \
--foreman-proxy-dns-reverse="55.168.192.in-addr.arpa" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-zone=example.com \
--foreman-proxy-dns-ttl=86400

Restart the Satellite or Capsule’s Proxy Service.

# systemctl restart foreman-proxy

Update the Configuration in Satellite web UI.

After you have run the installation script to make any changes to a Capsule, instruct Satellite to scan the
configuration on each affected Capsule as follows:

1. Navigate to Infrastructure > Capsules.

2. For each Capsule to be updated, from the Actions drop-down menu, select Refresh.

3. Configure the domain:

a. Go to Infrastructure > Domains and select the domain name.

b. On the Domain tab, ensure DNS Capsule is set to the Capsule where the subnet is
connected.

4. Configure the subnet:

a. Go to Infrastructure > Subnets and select the subnet name.

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 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

b. On the Subnet tab, set IPAM to None.

c. On the Domains tab, ensure the domain to be managed by the IdM server is selected.

d. On the Capsules tab, ensure Reverse DNS Capsule is set to the Capsule where the
subnet is connected.

e. Click Submit to save the changes.

4.5.2. Configuring Dynamic DNS Update with TSIG Authentication

In this example, Satellite Server has the following settings.

IP address 192.168.25.1

Host name satellite.example.com

The IdM server has the following settings.

Host name idm1.example.com

IP address 192.168.25.2

Domain name example.com

Before you Begin

1. Confirm the IdM Server is deployed and the host-based firewall has been configured correctly.
For more information, see Port Requirements in the Linux Domain Identity, Authentication, and
Policy Guide.

2. Obtain root user privileges on the IdM server.

3. Confirm if the Satellite or an external Capsule is managing DNS for a domain.

4. Confirm that the Satellite or external Capsule are currently working as expected.

5. In the case of a newly installed system, complete the installation procedures in this guide first. In
particular, DNS and DHCP configuration should have been completed.

6. Make a backup of the answer file in case you have to revert the changes. See Specifying
Installation Options for more information.

Enabling External Updates to the DNS Zone in the IdM Server

1. On the IdM Server, add the following to the top of the /etc/named.conf file.

// This was added to allow Satellite Server at 192.168.25.1 to make

DNS updates.
####################################################################
####
include "/etc/rndc.key";

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Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

controls {
inet 192.168.25.2 port 953 allow { 192.168.25.1; } keys { "rndc-
key"; };
};
####################################################################
####

2. Reload named to make the changes take effect.

# systemctl reload named

3. In the IdM web UI, go to Network Services > DNS > DNS Zones. Select the name of the zone.
On the Settings tab:

a. Add the following in the BIND update policy box.

grant "rndc-key" zonesub ANY;

b. Ensure Dynamic update is set to True.

c. Click Update to save the changes.

4. Copy the /etc/rndc.key file from the IdM server to Satellite’s base system as follows.

# scp /etc/rndc.key [email protected]:/etc/rndc.key

5. Ensure that the ownership, permissions, and SELinux context are correct.

# restorecon -v /etc/rndc.key
# chown -v root:named /etc/rndc.key
# chmod -v 640 /etc/rndc.key

6. On Satellite Server, run the installation script as follows to use the external DNS server.

# satellite-installer --scenario satellite \

--foreman-proxy-dns=true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-managed=false \
--foreman-proxy-dns-provider=nsupdate \
--foreman-proxy-dns-server="192.168.25.2" \
--foreman-proxy-keyfile=/etc/rndc.key \
--foreman-proxy-dns-ttl=86400

Testing External Updates to the DNS Zone in the IdM Server

1. Install bind-utils for testing with nsupdate.

# yum install bind-utils

2. Ensure the key in the /etc/rndc.key file on Satellite Server is the same one as used on the
IdM server.

key "rndc-key" {
algorithm hmac-md5;

52
 CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING EXTERNAL SERVICES

secret "secret-key==";
};

3. On Satellite Server, create a test DNS entry for a host. For example, host test.example.com
with an A record of 192.168.25.20 on the IdM server at 192.168.25.1.

# echo -e "server 192.168.25.1\n \

update add test.example.com 3600 IN A 192.168.25.20\n \
send\n" | nsupdate -k /etc/rndc.key

4. On Satellite Server, test the DNS entry.

# nslookup test.example.com 192.168.25.1

Server: 192.168.25.1
Address: 192.168.25.1#53

Name: test.example.com
Address: 192.168.25.20

5. To view the entry in the IdM web UI, go to Network Services > DNS > DNS Zones. Select the
name of the zone and search for the host by name.

6. If resolved successfully, remove the test DNS entry.

# echo -e "server 192.168.25.1\n \

update delete test.example.com 3600 IN A 192.168.25.20\n \
send\n" | nsupdate -k /etc/rndc.key

7. Confirm that the DNS entry was removed.

# nslookup test.example.com 192.168.25.1

The above nslookup command fails and outputs the SERVFAIL error message if the record
was successfully deleted.

4.5.3. Reverting to Internal DNS Service

To revert to using Satellite Server and Capsule Server as DNS providers, follow this procedure.

On the Satellite or Capsule Server that is to manage DNS for the domain.

If you backed up the answer file before the change to external DNS, restore the answer file and
then run the installation script:

# satellite-installer

If you do not have a suitable backup of the answer file, back up the answer file now, and then run
the installation script on Satellite and Capsules as described below.
See Specifying Installation Options for more information on the answer file.

To configure Satellite or Capsule as DNS server without using an answer file.

# satellite-installer \

53
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

--foreman-proxy-dns=true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-managed=true \
--foreman-proxy-dns-provider=nsupdate \
--foreman-proxy-dns-server="127.0.0.1" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-tsig-
principal="foremanproxy/[email protected]" \
--foreman-proxy-dns-tsig-keytab=/etc/foreman-proxy/dns.keytab

See Configuring DNS, DHCP, and TFTP on Capsule Server for more information.

Update the Configuration in Satellite web UI.

After you have run the installation script to make any changes to a Capsule, instruct Satellite to scan the
configuration on each affected Capsule as follows:

1. Navigate to Infrastructure > Capsules.

2. For each Capsule to be updated, from the Actions drop-down menu, select Refresh.

3. Configure the domain:

a. Go to Infrastructure > Domains and select the domain name.

b. On the Domain tab, ensure DNS Capsule is set to the Capsule where the subnet is
connected.

4. Configure the subnet:

a. Go to Infrastructure > Subnets and select the subnet name.

b. On the Subnet tab, set IPAM to DHCP or Internal DB.

c. On the Domains tab, ensure the domain to be managed by the Satellite or Capsule is
selected.

d. On the Capsules tab, ensure Reverse DNS Capsule is set to the Capsule where the
subnet is connected.

e. Click Submit to save the changes.

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 CHAPTER 5. UNINSTALLING SATELLITE SERVER

CHAPTER 5. UNINSTALLING SATELLITE SERVER

If you no longer need Satellite Server or Capsule Server, you can uninstall them.

Uninstalling Satellite Server erases all applications used on the target system. If you use any
applications or application data for purposes other than Satellite Server, you should back up the
information before the removal process.

Before you Begin

The katello-remove script issues two warnings, requiring confirmation before removing all packages
and configuration files in the system.


WARNING

This script erases many packages and config files, such as the following important
packages:

httpd (apache)

mongodb

tomcat6

puppet

ruby

rubygems

All Katello and Foreman Packages

Uninstall Satellite Server

1. Uninstall Satellite Server.

# katello-remove

55
Red Hat Satellite 6.4 Installing Satellite Server from a Disconnected Network

APPENDIX A. APPLYING CUSTOM CONFIGURATION TO RED

HAT SATELLITE
When you install and configure Satellite for the first time using satellite-installer, you can
specify that the DNS and DHCP configuration files are not to be managed by Puppet using the installer
flags --foreman-proxy-dns-managed=false and --foreman-proxy-dhcp-managed=false. If
these flags are not specified during the initial installer run, rerunning of the installer overwrites all manual
changes, for example, rerun for upgrade purposes. If changes are overwritten, you must run the restore
procedure to restore the manual changes. For more information, see How to Restore Manual Changes
Overwritten by a Puppet Run in Installing Satellite Server from a Connected Network.

To view all installer flags available for custom configuration, run satellite-installer --scenario
satellite --full-help. Some Puppet classes are not exposed to the Satellite installer. To manage
them manually and prevent the installer from overwriting their values, specify the configuration values by
adding entries to configuration file /etc/foreman-installer/custom-hiera.yaml. This
configuration file is in YAML format, consisting of one entry per line in the format of <puppet class>::
<parameter name>: <value>. Configuration values specified in this file persist across installer
reruns.

Common examples include:

For Apache, to set the ServerTokens directive to only return the Product name:

apache::server_tokens: Prod

To turn off the Apache server signature entirely:

apache::server_signature: Off

For Pulp, to configure the number of pulp workers:

pulp::num_workers: 8

The Puppet modules for the Satellite installer are stored under /usr/share/foreman-
installer/modules and /usr/share/katello-installer-base/modules. Check the .pp files
(for example: moduleName/manifests/example.pp) to look up the classes, parameters, and values.
Alternatively, use the grep command to do keyword searches.

Setting some values may have unintended consequences that affect the performance or functionality of
Red Hat Satellite. Consider the impact of the changes before you apply them, and test the changes in a
non-production environment first. If you do not have a non-production Satellite environment, run the
Satellite installer with the --noop and --verbose options. If your changes cause problems, remove the
offending lines from custom-hiera.yaml and rerun the Satellite installer. If you have any specific
questions about whether a particular value is safe to alter, contact Red Hat support.

A.1. HOW TO RESTORE MANUAL CHANGES OVERWRITTEN BY A

PUPPET RUN
If your manual configuration has been overwritten by a Puppet run, you can restore the files to the
previous state. The following example shows you how to restore a DHCP configuration file overwritten
by a Puppet run.

56
 APPENDIX A. APPLYING CUSTOM CONFIGURATION TO RED HAT SATELLITE

1. Copy the file you intend to restore. This allows you to compare the files to check for any
mandatory changes required by the upgrade. This is not common for DNS or DHCP services.

# cp /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.backup

2. Check the log files to note down the md5sum of the overwritten file. For example:

# journalctl -xe
...
/Stage[main]/Dhcp/File[/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf]: Filebucketed
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf to puppet with sum
622d9820b8e764ab124367c68f5fa3a1
...

3. Restore the overwritten file:

# puppet filebucket restore --local --bucket \

/var/lib/puppet/clientbucket /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf \
622d9820b8e764ab124367c68f5fa3a1

4. Compare the backup file and the restored file, and edit the restored file to include any mandatory
changes required by the upgrade.

57