Eg PPT - 1
Eg PPT - 1
Eg PPT - 1
GEOLOGY
-Dr.(Mrs.)Vandana Patil
INTRODUCTION
• DEFINATION OF GEOLOGY
• BRANCHES OF GEOLOGY
• IMPORTANCE OF GEOLOGY
• Geology is the science that deals with the study of the earth
as a whole.
Branches of Geology:
Physical Geology and Geomorphology
Mineralogy
Petrology
Historical geology or Stratigraphy
Economic Geology
Engineering Geology
Structural Geology
Physical Geology and Geomorphology
Mineralogy
Structural Geology
Economic Geology
Petrology
Historical geology examines the
origin and evolution of our planet
through time.
Branches of Geology
• Physical Geology-
• deals with the orign,development and ultimate fate
of various surface features of the earth and also with
its structure. Internal agents (volcanism ,earthquake,
groundwater) and external agents
(wind,water,ice)played a major role in changing
physical features of the earth.
• Geomorphology -
• study of the features of the (land)surface of the earth.
To study development and deposition of
mountains,plains,plateaus,valleys and basins and
associated landforms.
• Mineralogy-
• deals with formation,occurrence,aggregation,propertirs and
uses of minerals.
• Petrology –
• Study of rocks.
• To study formation of various types of rocks, their mode of
occurrence, their composition,textures,structures,geological
and geographical distribution.
• Petrology is subdivided into Igneous Petrology, Sedimentary
Petrology and Metamorphic Petrology.
• Structural Geology
• . The study of factors such as the
origin,ocurrence,classification,types and effects of
various secondary structures like
folds,faults,joints,rock cleavage and unconformities.
• Stratigraphy
• The science of description,corelation and
classification of strata in sedimentary rocks. It also
includes the interpretation of the depositional
environments of the strata.
• Economic Geology-
• The study of minerals, ores, and fossil fuels of economic
importance.
• Paleontology-
• The science of fossils of ancient lifeforms and their
evolution.
• Allied Sciences
• There are a few new branches of science that have geology as
very important component. A few of them are –
• Geo-chemistry
• Geo-physics
• Geo-hydrology
• Mining-geology
• Engineering geology
• Rock- mechanics and geomechanics
• Meteorology
• Oceanography
•
Engineering Geology
This deals with the application of geological knowledge in the
field of civil engineering, for execution of safe, stable and
economic constructions like dam, bridges and tunnel.