Computer Skills Online Study Guide 21/05/2011 5:38 PM

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Online Computer Skills Study Guide

(This study guide is more comprehensive than the downloadable version)

Database ~ Keyboard Utilization • Desktop Publishing • Word Processing~

Multimedia ~
Societal · Ethical Issues ~ Spreadsheet ~ Telecommunications · Internet ~
Windows Management

Database Vocabulary and Helpful Information

What is a database? A database is an organized collection of related information.

Things to think about:

Unorganized information is meaningless and difficult to use. (Example: scrambled list of

universities and their mascots.)
Organized data is easy to understand. (Same example with mascots paired with their schools.

Print Databases that we are familiar with include:

telephone directories
address books
encyclopedias and dictionaries

Computerized Databases you may be familiar with include:

NCWise (Student Information management System)

Automated Card Catalog (Athena)
CD-ROM Encyclopedias

Advantages of Computerized Databases

Can find a specific file quickly

Can alphabetize and sort data faster than most people
Can filter/search for specific types of information
Is an accurate as the data that is entered
Can make many different types of reports

Who uses computerized databases in the real world?

Stores use them to keep track of inventory

Travel agents can keep up with their customers and reservations
Hospitals track patient information.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Database: A database is an organized collection of information.

Database File: A database file is made up of related records in a database.

Field: A category of information in a database. An example of a field would be the street address

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category in a computerized address book.

Entry: Data that is in a field. An example of an entry would be the person's name or phone number.

Wildcard: A character in a search that permits any character to be specified. For example, the search
criteria al* will find Alabama, already, or Albert. Ion a database search, the asterisk (*) is the wildcard
character to replace one or more letters; the question mark (?) is the wildcard character to replace
only
one letter.

Multiple Criterion Filter: A database operation that displays records that meet several criteria
simultaneously.

Connectors: Words such as and, or, and not that join certain conditions together when performing a
search.

Operators: Mathematical symbols used in database filters

(>) greater than

(<) less than
(=) equal to
(>) greater than or equal to
(<) less than or equal to When searching/filtering for text, it is often best to use the
"contains" operator. This will allow you to key in the first several identifying letters, but
not the whole word or words.

RELATIONSHIP -- The comparison of two pieces of information using logical operators: less than (<),
greater than (>), equals (=), less than or equal to (=<), greater than or equal to (=>). Other
comparison terms to look for are “at most,” meaning less than or equal to, and “at least,” which
translates as equal to or greater than.

SEARCH -- The process of finding all records of a database that meet a certain rule, statement, or
criterion. A search may be based on a single statement, rule, or criterion, or a combination of
statements, rules, and criteria joined by AND, OR, and AND/OR. This process is also called a query
or match in some database software programs.

SORT -- Arranging information in a specific order (usually ascending and descending).

Ascending order: method of sorting data in order from lowest to highest (A-Z) or numerical
order (0-9)
Descending order: the opposite of ascending order. Example: Reverse alphabetical order
(Z-A) or reverse numerical is high to low (9-0).

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K eyboard Utilization • Desktop Publishing • Word Processing

Vocabulary

ALIGNMENT -- How your text conforms to the left and right margins of a page. The text can be right-
aligned, centered, left-aligned, or fully-aligned/justified.

BOLD -- A style of text that makes a letter or word darker and thicker to stand out in a document.

COPY -- To make an exact copy of information in your document, so you can place in order to
duplicate it in a new location.

CURSOR -- This is where the action is located on your screen, represented by a flashing line. When
you type on your keyboard, the information appears at the cursor.

DELETE -- A key used to erase characters.

DESKTOP PUBLISHING -- Using features of word processing/DTP software to format and produce
documents, letters, reports, flyers, and newsletters with graphics.

EDIT -- To make changes in a document or presentation.

ENTER -- The key used to begin a new line in a word processor, or to enter information into a
spreadsheet. It is the same as clicking OK in a dialog box.

FONT -- The shape and style of text.

GRAPHIC -- Images/pictures created, edited, and/or published using a computer.

HIGHLIGHT/SELECT -- To choose part of a document by clicking and dragging over it with the
mouse to highlight the text.

HOME ROW -- Keys on the keyboard with fingers of the left hand are on A-S-D-F and fingers on the
right hand on J-K-L-;

INDENT -- To set the first line of a paragraph in from the margin in a word processing document.

LANDSCAPE -- The page setup that permits a document to be printed in a horizontal position.

LINE SPACING -- The span between lines of text. (Reports are typically double-spaced. Business
letters have single-spaced paragraphs with double space between the paragraphs.)

NUMERIC KEYPAD -- The portion of a keyboard, set up like an adding machine or calculator used to
enter numbers and equations quickly into the computer.

PAGE SETUP -- The term in reference to the way a document is formatted to print.

PASTE -- To insert the last information that was cut or copied into a document. Cut and paste can be
used to move information within or between documents.

PORTRAIT -- The default page setup that prints the document vertically.

PRINT -- To put what is on the computer screen on paper. It creates a paper copy of the document
created on the computer.

RETRIEVE -- Open a saved document.

SAVE -- To store information on a floppy disk, hard drive, flash drive, or CD for later use. (Work
should be saved often, every 5 or 10 minutes, to make sure your latest changes are safely recorded.)

SAVE AS -- To save a document with a new name.

TEXT -- the written or printed material, which forms the main body of a document or file.

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THESAURUS -- A feature in most word processors that suggests synonyms for a chosen word.

WORD PROCESSING -- Using keyboarding skills to produce documents such as letters, reports,
manuals, and newsletters.

WORD WRAP -- This occurs when you get to the end of a line and as you continue typing, the text
will automatically move to the next line.

WYSIWYG -- WYSIWYG is an acronym for "What You See Is What You Get" and is pronounced
"wizzy wig." WYSIWYG simply means that the text and graphics shown on your screen exactly match
your printouts.

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Multimedia Vocabulary

MULTIMEDIA is defined as any presentation or program that combines two or more types of media,
such as graphics, sound, video, animation, and/or text. Two of the most popular forms of multimedia
that students are familiar with are video games and Internet web sites. Programs that you might have
used to create a multimedia presentation are Macromedia Flash, Hyperstudio, and Microsoft
PowerPoint.

LINEAR PRESENTATION -- A story or presentation where each event occurs in certain order. This
type of presentation that has a beginning and an end. Linear presentations move in a straight line,
either forward or backward.

NON-LINEAR PRESENTATION – Navigation in this type of presentation is based on choices listed in

a menu on a storyboard. The Hyperstudio screen shot above shows a variety of buttons that links the
user to different parts of a presentation. A user might jump from screen 1 to screen 5 to screen 3,
based on the menu items and choices made.

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BUTTONS – Similar to links; can be found in Hyperstudio and PowerPoint presentations, as well as
webpages..

CREDITS – Refers to the creator and/or sources of information used in a multimedia presentation.

LINKS (also known as HYPERLINKS)-- Connectors that link web pages, cards, images, or words
together and allow a viewer to move through a presentation.

PRESENTATION -- An oral report that may include audio, text, graphics, and the use of presentation
software application such as Flash, Hyperstudio, PowerPoint, or even an internet browser.

RESIZE -- Resizing has two different software-related meanings. The first is simply making a graphic
to be used in a document larger or smaller by adjusting the height and/or width. In this case you often
"grab" the "resize corner" and move it to adjust the size. In digital photography, resizing generally
means reducing or replicating pixels to make the filesize smaller or larger. For multimedia
presentations, small filesizes load quicker and do not take as much storage room. For print
photography, the user generally wants a larger filesize to ensure a clear image in print.

STORYBOARD -- A graphic organizer or set of drawings used for planning a multimedia presentation.
All of the aspects of the presentation such as graphics, sounds, content, and navigation are
preplanned on a storyboard.

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Societal · Ethical Issues Vocabulary

ACCEPTABLE USE POLICY (AUP) -- A set of rules and guidelines that are set up to regulate
Internet use and to protect the user.

ANTIVIRUS SOFTWARE -- An application designed to search for viruses and repair files on a
computer.

COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE – Application software designed to be sold for a PROFIT.

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COMPUTER VANDALISM -- The intentional act of destroying computer files or computer networks.

COPYRIGHT -- Law granting a legal right to a copyright holder or author which requires their
permission to make non-archival copies of the work in question.

FAIR USE AND MULTIMEDIA GUIDELINES -- The fair use doctrine provides educators with the right
to make reasonable copies of copyrighted materials without specific consent of the author for purposes
of criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research. The guidelines permit the
use of copyrighted works in teaching, if certain factors are considered, including: the purpose and
character of the use (commercial vs. educational), the nature of the copyrighted work, the amount of
the work copied in relation to the work as a whole, the effect of use on the potential market for or
value of the work.

CPU -- The main chip that allows computers to do millions of calculations per second and makes it
possible for users to write letters and balance your checkbook.

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES -- Technologies that are new and in the developmental stages; not in
widespread use

FIREWALL -- Technology that prevents users from visiting inappropriate web sites, and protects the
network from unauthorized users.

FREEWARE -- Software written and then donated to the public, so anyone is free to copy it and share
it with their friends. Ownership of the software is retained by the owner/software developer who may
choose to charge for future releases of the software.

HACKER -- An unauthorized person who secretly gains access to computer files.

HARDWARE -- Part of the computer system such as a keyboard, screen, mouse, joystick, printer,
speakers, etc.

MONITOR -- The device with a screen used to show computer images.

MOUSE -- A tool used to move the cursor and pointer around the screen.

NETWORK -- A system of connected computers that allows the sharing of files and equipment. There
are two types of networks: local area network (LAN) and wide area network (WAN).

ONLINE SAFETY -- Precautions taken to protect personal information and images from being misused
by others.

OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE – Application software for which the underlying programming language
is open for others to access. This allows the program to be changed by other programmers to meet
other needs of the users. (This is the opposite of proprietary software.)

PASSWORD -- A code for the security protection to allow access to a computer or the computer
programs.

PRINTER -- A hardware device used to make a paper copy of what is created on the computer.

PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE – Application software for which the underlying programming language
is protected by the software developer/owner so that others cannot modify it for other purposes. (This
is the opposite of OPEN SOURCE software.)

PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE-- Software written and then donated to the public. The software
developer does not retain the right of ownership. (Freeware and Public Domain Software are similar in
that they are both free. The ownership of the copyright determines the difference. With Freeware, the
developer retains the ownership rights, but with Public Domain Software, the ownership rights are
given to the public.)

SECURITY -- Protection of computer, computer files or a computer network from use without
permission of the owner or owners.

SERVER -- A special computer used to store programs and files, and then sends it out to other
computers one or all at a time.

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SHAREWARE -- Software that can be tried before you purchase.

SOFTWARE/APPLICATIONS -- Programs that allow you to accomplish certain tasks such as write
letters, analyze numbers, sort files, manage finances, draw pictures, and play games.

SOFTWARE LICENSE -- Also known as End User License Agreement (EULA). The software license
is a legally binding agreement that states how one who has purchased the rights to use software, can
legally use the software. (Single user license, classroom license, and site licenses are all examples of
various software licenses.)

STANDALONE COMPUTER -- A computer that does not rely upon any other computer or server to
work.

TROJAN HORSE – Malicious software that is disguised as a useful application. It is sometimes called
a "backdoor virus," though it is not technically a virus.

VIRUS -- Software program that is designed to damage files on a computer that receives it. The virus
spreads from file to file on a single computer, and does not intentionally try to move to another
computer. It must replicate (reproduce) and execute itself to be defined as a virus. Since the virus
reproduces itself, it can spread to other application and operating system software. Some viruses
cause little or no damage (they are more of a nuisance because they place messages on the monitor,
etc); however, other viruses can destroy the hard drive and render the computer unusable.

WORM -- Malicious software code that is designed to copy itself and intentionally move from computer
system to computer system, via networks, internet etc. Unlike a true computer virus, a worm does not
need a host file to move from one computer to the next; therefore, worms can spread more rapidly
than viruses. Worms always harm the network (if only by consuming bandwidth), whereas viruses
always infect or corrupt files on a targeted computer.

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Spreadsheet Vocabulary and Helpful Information

Spreadsheet: A grid of rows and columns containing numbers and text that allows the user to
manage, predict, and present information. An electronic spreadsheet is a computer application
program that can also hold formulas in a cell that serve as a calculator. These formulas allow the
electronic spreadsheet to perform calculations much faster and more accurately that spreadsheets
created with pencil, paper, and calculator. An electronic spreadsheet is a computer application
program that can also hold formulas in a cell that serve as a calculator. These formulas allow the
electronic spreadsheet to perform calculations much faster and more accurately that spreadsheets
created with pencil, paper, and calculator.

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ROWS go horizontally--a side by side layout of boxes

COLUMNS go vertically--an up and down layout of boxes
CELL--the block created where a column and a row intersect each other
CELL ADDRESS--the location of a cell on the spreadsheet
FORMULA BAR or DATA ENTRY BAR--the bar at the top of the spreadsheet used to enter
data into the cell that you have selected
CELL RANGE—a group or block of cells in a spreadsheet. Operations can be performed on a range
of cells. The range highlighted below is B3 through D4. It is written as B3:D4

Points to remember about spreadsheets:

There are 3 types of data that you can enter into a spreadsheet--
VALUES, LABELS, and FORMULAS.

VALUES are numbers (like in cell B4);

LABELS are text (like in cell A5); and
FORMULAS are mathematical calculations (like what is
in the data entry bar to get the answer for cell E4)

One of the main uses of spreadsheets is to forecast or to predict! Spreadsheets are often used to
answer “WHAT IF...” questions.

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PERFORMING CALCULATIONS IN A SPREADSHEET:

Formula: Arthmetic equation with symbols(+-*/) for mathematical operations: A3+B3-C3*4

Function: Functions create shortcut formulas for the user: Sum (auto addition) and Avg (auto
averaging of numbers).; A special formula that does not use operators to calculate a result
Operand: a number, cell reference, or field name used in a calculation in the formulas of
spreadsheets or databases; in a database the operands are field names.
Operator: Tells the spreadsheet software what to do with the operands in a formula.
Order of Operation: The sequence used to calculate the value of a formula. (Follow the same
rules as in math class.)
Order of Operations
Parenthesis
Exponents ^
Multiplication *
Division /
Addition +
Subtraction -

Writing Formulas:

All formulas begin with an equal (=) sign. No exceptions!

When a formula is written, many times a cell’s address is used rather than the value (number)
in it. If a number changes, then the formula automatically recalculates the answer.
Use the following symbols as operators:
+ add - subtract * multiply / divide

Spreadsheets can also use shortcut formulas, known as FUNCTIONS such as SUM, AVG and DIV
See the examples below.

Johnny has the following grades and wants to know his average:

The formula for cell E1 would be:

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=(A1+B1+C1+D1)/4
The parentheses indicates order of operation—add up the cells first, then divide by 4 (the
number of grades)

Or

=AVG(A1:D1) This formula tells the computer to average the cell range from
A1 through D1.

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Advantages of Computer Spreadsheet:

Can answer, "What is? " (determines current information)

Students current grade

Individual athlete statistics
Transportation schedule
Current $ available for spending
Census results

Can answer "What if?" (predicts future events/information)

Student population increases

Win/loss record changes
Product sales decrease-hourly wage rate changes
US immigration rate increases

Various Uses for Spreadsheets

School: student grades, payroll, future budgets, class sizes, and schedules
Sports: individual and team statistics current and future budget
Personal: checkbook, household expenses, investments, income taxes
Business: payroll, investments, inventory, product sales and delivery
Government: taxes, census, loans, investments, budgets

Charts

Charts illustrate data

Charts can be created from spreadsheets
Three types of charts are:
BAR
LINE
PIE
Scatter

Bar Chart

Used to compare individual or sets of values to each other.

The height of each bar being proportional to its corresponding value.
Uses rectangles of varying height to illustrate values in a spreadsheet.

Pie Chart

Used to show relationship of one set of data to the entire data.

The size of each wedge represents the percentage that each value adds to the Total.
Show the relationship of a part to a whole.
Each part is presented as a "slice" of pie.

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Line Chart

Used to show trends since the lines connect points of data.

Used to show changes over a period of time.
Similar to the bar chart except bars are replaced by points connected by a line.

Scatter Chart (Note that you probably will not need to know about scatter charts for the
Computer Skills Test)

Sometimes called XY charts

Show the relationship between two categories of data.
One category is represented on the vertical axis and the other category is represented on the
horizontal axis.
The result is a "cloud" of data points that may or may not have a recognizable shape.
It is not practical to connect the data points with a line because points on a scatter chart
usually do not relate to each other.

Steps to create a chart (This is general information. In the Computer Skills Test follow the
question's directions carefully. Not all of these steps may be required for your chart. If you do
one of the steps below, such as labeling the axes, and are not instructed to do it on the test,
your answer may be considered wrong.)

Highlight the data to be charted.

Determine the chart type
Label the axes if your chart has axes.
Enhance the chart with titles

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Telecommunications · Internet Vocabulary & Helpful Information

Telecommunications = Distance + Communications

History of distance communications:

Smoke signals
Letter writing and Pony Express.
US Postal Service
Telephone (replaced the art of letter writing)
Radio (changed people's lives by bringing immediate world news into our living rooms.)
Television (brought a view of the universe into our homes)
Computer (changed the way we communicate forever!)

Postal Service - also known as Snail Mail

Sender takes letter to mail box or post office.

Your letter travels 1-5 days
Receiver receives your letter and responds to your request.
Response travels 1-5 days.
You receive your information.

Telecomputing/Internet/E-Mail

Key in request/message
Request/message travels in seconds
Receiver gets your request and responds.

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What is the Internet?

The world's largest computer network.

Also known as the World Wide Web.
It is made up of millions of linked Hypertext documents or "pages". Because they are Hypertext, the
user is able to point and click to "links" that take the user to related documents. Many documents
contain sound and video.

What is the Intranet?

An intranet is a restricted-access network that works like the Web/Internet, but isn't a part of it.
Intranets are usually owned and managed by a company or government entity.
Intranets enable a company to share its resources with its employees without confidential
information being made available to everyone with Internet access.

Advantages of Modern Telecommunication:

E-mail the most popular telecommunication service.

Fast communication all over the world long distances between sender and receiver is not a problem.
No travel needed to meet with another person and share "files."
More people will be able to do work at home.

Disadvantages of Modern Telecommunication:

Expensive equipment needed.

Relatively high monthly costs to maintain access.
Sometimes information derived from Internet sites is NOT accurate. You must be careful of the sites
you trust!!!

Other advantages of the Internet:

On-line shopping (You can buy almost anything without leaving home.)
Electronic mail (E-mail allows people to exchange messages and even computer files over phone
lines.
Chat Rooms (Allows people to carry on conversations in "real time.")
Internet Social Networks (Allows people with similar interests to meet, but everyone should BEWARE
- some members of Internet Social Networks could be predators.)
Information on almost any topic is available on Internet because it is the largest database in the
world.
BLOGS and WIKIS allow anyone with internet access to share their ideas with the networked world.
Many types of software are available online such as word processors, virus checkers, and games.
The most up-to-date news is available through many on-line services.

E-mail:

Looks very similar to a memorandum.

Guidewords always include: To, Subject, Attachment, Carbon Copy (CC).
Address includes: username, the @ symbol, the location of the server (as in aol.com, wcpss.net,
nscu.edu; nc.gov)

E-mail tips:

Always put your name at the bottom of the message.

Read and respond to e-mail messages quickly.
To forward a message to another person, check the buttons or pull-down menus to help you.
The carbon copy feature allows you to send the same message to several recipients.
Never use all caps for your entire message. It is considered impolite. People read it as if you are
shouting at them.

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What things do you need to get on the Internet?

Computer
Telephone line, high speed line, or wireless device.
Modem to send and receive information.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Software required by your ISP for your computer to communicate through the ISP servers.

Telecommunication Services:

Provides information from sources around the world and lets you communicate with others connected
to the service.
Services provided include news, weather, sports, stocks and bonds, airline and hotel reservations,
encyclopedias,
games, shopping, e-mail, chat rooms.

Types of telecommunications services:

Facsimile (FAX machines)

Video Conference
Business (ATM machines, database service, scanners for bar codes and credit cards.
Voice Mail

Searching the Internet:

The Internet is a great resource for searching for all kinds of information.
Can be compared to performing a database search.
There are several ways to look for information on the Internet.
Search engines and subject index are an easy way to search for almost any topic.
For advanced Internet searching, you should be familiar with basic boolean operators. Go to
http://www.internettutorials.net/boolean.html for a Boolean tutorial.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

ACCEPTABLE USE POLICY (AUP) -- A set of rules and guidelines that are set up to regulate
Internet use and to protect the user.

ATTACHMENT or ATTACHED FILE -- a separate document that you may send with an e-mail
message. It might be a document, such as a report that you need to send to a teacher, or it could be
a photograph or another type of computer file.

BLOG - Originally known as Web Log. Blogs are websites that contains dated text entries, generally
listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first) about a particular topic. Blogs serve many
purposes from online newsletters to personal diaries to topical discussions. They can be written by one
person or a group. Blog entries may contain commentary and links to other Web sites. They may
contain photographs and/or videos. Blogs that contain videos are sometimes calld VLOGS since the
video can communicate the author's thoughts and ideas. "Blog" can also be used as a verb, meaning
to maintain or add content to a blog.

BOOLEAN OPERATORS – Connecting terms such as AND, OR, NOT that

can often be used in keyword searches to refine search criteria.

BROWSER – software used to view various kinds of Internet resources found on the World Wide
Web.

COOKIES -- Small text files identify a user’s personal preferences and settings and allows the web
site's server to retrieve your information from its database.

EMAIL -- Sending and receiving messages through a computer network. This process requires a
computer, modem or network connection, and an e-mail address. It is convenient because all
messages are sent and received immediately over short or long distances.

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HOST -- The name given to a computer directly connected to the Internet. Host computers are
associated with computer networks, online services, or bulletin board systems. The host name is often
referred to as the “domain name.”

HYPERLINK-- Text or graphics that, when clicked with a mouse, will connect the user to a new web
page or another place on the same page. The hyperlink is often called a "link." Many web designers
draw your attention to the hyperlink with an underlined word or phrase in a different color. Most
"buttons" and some other graphics and pictures on a webpage are also hyperlinks.

INTERNET -- A global network of thousands of other computer networks that offers e-mail and
information retrieval services to millions of people.

KEYWORD -- A word or reference point used to describe content on a web page that search engines
use to properly index the page.

LINKS -- Connections that bridge one image, page, or word to another by clicking on a highlighted
word or phrase. (See also HYPERLINK.)

MODEM -- A device that permits a computer to transmit and receive data over a telephone line.

NEWSGROUP -- A discussion group on the Internet. Just as e-mail and information webpages are
services on the Internet, newsgroups are another service. Although a newsgroup topic can be
newsworthy, newsgroups often have nothing to do with the daily news; thus, the term is somewhat
misleading.

ONLINE RESEARCH -- Research that utilizes primary and secondary electronic resources such as
CD-ROM, networked, and Internet encyclopedias, dictionaries, databases, video conferences, e-
mail,etc.

SEARCH ENGINE -- Software that searches, gathers and identifies information from a database
based on keywords, indices, titles and text.

SEARCH STRATEGIES -- There are 3 basic ways to begin a search.

1. Try to guess at the URL (not ideal!)
2. Use subject directories provided by some search engines. The selected resources are grouped by
subject, categories, and subcategories that can be used for keyword searches or to browse the
categories.
3. Use a search engine for large searches using unique keywords or combinations of keywords to
narrow the search.

TELECOMMUNICATIONS -- The act of sending and receiving information electronically between two
or more computers via modem and phone line or local area networks (LAN). The exchange of
information can be within a building or around the globe.

UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR (URL) -- Full website address. Example: http://www.wcpss.net

USER NAME -- First part of an e-mail address. Example: jsmith is the user name of the following e-
mail address. [email protected]

VIDEO CONFERENCING -- Using a camera and phone lines or the Internet, video conferencing
allows individuals at two or more sites to see and hear each other and to share and collaborate on
graphical and text based data.

Webcast - An audio or video broadcast that is conducted over the Internet. Often, "webcast" refers to
a live streaming production.

WiFi - This abbreviated word comes from "Wireless Fidelity." While there are specific standards for
WiFi, most people use the abbreviated word loosely to refer to all wireless networks.

WIKI - A website that visitors can edit using their browser. Groups can use a wiki to author documents
collaboratively. An example is Wikipedia.org , the collaborative encyclopedia.

WILDCARD -- A character that can be used to represent any other character or series of characters in
a statement. For instance, the wildcard "*" allows "S*ND" to refer to both "SEND" and "SAND."
Wildcards are useful in searches when you don't know the exact text you are looking for, and in

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specifying and action to be performed on a group of files.

WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW) -- The section of the Internet that allows access to text, graphics,
sound, and even video. A lot of free information can be found on the WWW.

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Windows Management Vocabulary

ACTIVE WINDOW – The window in which a user is currently working or directing input. An active
window is typically at the top of the windows layers and is distinguished by the color of its title bar.

INACTIVE WINDOW(S) - A window users are not currently interacting with. This window cannot
receive keyboard input. Inactive windows usually have gray title bars.

MAXIMIZE – To display a window at its largest size.

MINIMIZE - To hide a window that is currently displayed on screen. The window is removed and
represented with an icon or file name on the taskbar.

RESIZE - To change the height or width of a window. Usually this is done with the mouse by catching
a corner or side of the window and dragging in or out.

CLOSE or EXIT – To remove a window from active or inactive status on the desktop.

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Source: NC DPI Computer Skills and WCPSS Instructional Technology Services

Special thanks to Sharon Irby, my predecessor in this position. Her work and guidance was the
inspiration of this page.

Note to educators and computer experts: This study guide is a work in process and is
adjusted as needed to help students succeed in passing the NC Online Computer Skills Test. Please
contact me if you see errors in information, or if you feel that an item needs additional elaboration.
Thank you. Send suggestions to: Diane Walters.

© Wake County Public School System

Page created: November 11, 2004

Last updated: February 11, 2010

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