21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES
AND THE WORLD UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI
LESSON 3B: INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PHIL. HIGHER SCHOOL NG UMAK
HISTORY AND LITERATURE
Time Started : ___________
Time Ended : ___________
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods
citing their elements, structures and traditions and
demonstrate understanding and appreciation of Philippine Literature.
INTRODUCTION/KEY POINTS
Philippine literature withstood time and periods and has evolved through generations. For every period that
passed, different genres appeared, and these literary works rooted from all regions reflecting their culture,
society, and lifestyle.
KNOWLEDGE BOOSTER (CORE CONTENT)
AMERICAN PERIOD
The period of American colonization of the Philippines lasted 48 years, from cession of the Philippines to the
U.S. by Spain in 1898 to U.S. recognition
of Philippine independence in 1946. After independence
in 1946, many Americans chose to remain in
the Philippines while maintaining relations with relatives in
the US.
INFLUENCES OF THE AMERICAN:
1. SCHOOLS
2. NEW EDUCATION SYSTEM
3. CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENE
4. ENGLISH LANGUAGE
5. POLITICS
6. FREEDOM OF SPEECH
NEWSPAPERS:
1. “EL GRITO DEL PUEBLO”BY PASCUAL POBLETE - (1899) is a pro labor and radical nationalist newspaper
under the protection of U.S “ang kapatid ng bayan”.
2. MANILA BULLETIN - also known as the Bulletin and previously known as the Manila Daily Bulletin from 1906
to September 23, 1972 and the Bulletin Today from November 22, 1972 to March 10, 1986) is
the Philippines' largest English language broadsheet newspaper by circulation, followed by the Philippine
Daily Inquirer. It bills itself as "The Nation's Leading Newspaper", which is its official slogan.
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE:
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PHIL
HISTORY AND LITERATURE
THREE GROUPS OF WRITERS:
1. THE PERIOD OF RE- ORIENTATION (1898-1910) - In August 13, 1898, English as a literary vehicle came
with the American occupation. The Period of Re-orientation covered the early years of American period and
the landing of the Americans to Philippine shores including the Philippine-American War. The English language
was used as a medium of instruction in the public school.
2. PERIOD OF IMITATION - (1910-1924)-1919, the UP College Folio published the literary compositions of the
first Filipino writers in English. -They were then grouping their way into imitating American and British models
which resulted in a stilted, artificial and unnatural style, lacking vitality and spontaneity.
3. PERIOD OF SELF- DISCOVERY- By this time, Filipino writer had acquired the mastery of English writing.
JAPANESE PERIOD (1941-1945)
Between 1941-1945, Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when we were again conquered
by another foreign country, Japan. Philippine literature in English came to a halt. Except for the Tribune and the
Philippine Review, Pillars, Free Philippines, and Filipina, almost all newspapers in English were stopped by the
Japanese.
During this time, there was no freedom of speech and of the press. The only contact with the outside world was
done secretly, through underground radio program called “Voice of Freedom”. The only Filipino writers could
write freely were those who were living in the U.S
ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE:
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PHIL
HISTORY AND LITERATURE
CONTEMPORARY PERIOD:
A. REBIRTH FREEDOM
The Americans returned in 1945. Filipinos rejoiced and guerillas who fled to the mountain joined the liberating
American Army. On July 4, 1946, the Philippines regained its freedom and the Filipino flag waved joyously
alone. The chains were broken.
1. LITERATURE- written works about struggles of mind and spirit.
2. NEWSPAPERS FLOURISHED- such as Free Press, Morning Sun, Daily Mirror, Evening News, Bulletin.
3. POETRY IN ENGLISH-about love of nature and social political problems.
4. FILIPINO LITERATURE- stories about Japanese brutalities, poverty of life and Guerilla exploits.
5. PALANCA AWARDS- award giving body in literature- Carlos Palanca Sr.
B. THE NEW SOCIETY
1. Themes- Development of the country
- Green revolution
- Family Planning
- Proper Nutrition
- Environment
- Drug Addiction
- Pollution
2. Poetry
3. Play
4. Films
5. Comics, Magazines and Newspapers
ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE:
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PHIL
HISTORY AND LITERATURE
ASSESSMENT/ACTIVITY
Directions: Draw editorial cartoons on a bond paper that shows what the Philippines looks like during the
American or Japanese Era.
Needs Revision Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Category SCORE
4 8 13
Issue Cartoon addresses Issue needs to be Issue chosen is easily
the issue in a limited explained to reader. identified. Cartoon
way. May be Cartoon addresses strongly addresses the
confusing. the issue. issue.
Graphics Graphics detract Graphics are Graphics and
rather than enhance appropriate for the illustrations
the message. message of the enhance the message
cartoon. of the cartoon.
Creativity Limited creativity is Cartoon demonstrates Cartoon demonstrates
evident in the creativity. a high level of
cartoon. creativity and
originality.
SELF-CHECK (SELF-ASSESSMENT)/ INSIGHT
Directions: Search for other influences of American and Japanese. Write at least three for each.
AMERICAN:
1. _______________________________________
2. _______________________________________
3. _______________________________________
JAPANESE:
1. _______________________________________
2. _______________________________________
3. _______________________________________
ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE:
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PHIL
HISTORY AND LITERATURE
REFERENCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_proverbs
https://asj.upd.edu.ph/index.php/themes/61-philippine-history-and-society-american-colonial-period
https://artsandculture.google.com/entity/japanese-occupation-of-the-philippines/m04y5fzp?hl=en
http://reegiibear.blogspot.com/2012/09/historical-background-of-philippine.html
ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
