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CHP 06 - Propagation of Sound Waves

1. The document discusses the propagation of sound waves, defining sound and explaining that it requires a medium and vibrations to travel. It describes the requisites of the medium, including elasticity and inertia. 2. Sound travels as longitudinal waves through gases and liquids, and transverse waves through solids and liquid surfaces. Key wave terms are defined, and equations for the velocity of sound are presented. 3. Factors affecting the speed of sound are described, such as direct relationships with temperature and humidity, and inverse relationship with density. A worksheet provides additional questions to explain related concepts.

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Kartavya Jhunjhunwala 9A
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130 views2 pages

CHP 06 - Propagation of Sound Waves

1. The document discusses the propagation of sound waves, defining sound and explaining that it requires a medium and vibrations to travel. It describes the requisites of the medium, including elasticity and inertia. 2. Sound travels as longitudinal waves through gases and liquids, and transverse waves through solids and liquid surfaces. Key wave terms are defined, and equations for the velocity of sound are presented. 3. Factors affecting the speed of sound are described, such as direct relationships with temperature and humidity, and inverse relationship with density. A worksheet provides additional questions to explain related concepts.

Uploaded by

Kartavya Jhunjhunwala 9A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PURWANCHAL VIDYAMANDIR

SESSION 2021 – 2022


CLASS – IX
SUBJECT – PHYSICS
Propagation of sound waves
Definition – Sound is a form of energy that produces a sensation of hearing in our ears.
Sound is produced by vibrations.
All vibrating bodies produce sound.
Human beings can hear sound within the range of 20 Hz to 20000 Hz. (audible range)
Sound requires material medium for propagation.
Requisites of the medium
• Medium must be elastic
• Medium must have inertia
• Medium should be frictionless
Sound travels as longitudinal waves through liquids and gases.
Sound travels as transverse waves through solids and liquid surface.
Some terms related to wave motion
• Amplitude
• Time period
• Frequency
• Wavelength
• Wave velocity
Wave motion can be depicted through displacement – time graph and displacement - distance
graph.
V = fλ
Newton’s expression for velocity of sound
V = √(P/ρ)
Laplace’s expression
V = √(γP/ρ)
Factors affecting speed of sound
• Effect of density – inversely proportional to square root of density.
• Effect of temperature – Directly proportional to square root of temperature.
• Effect of humidity – Directly proportional to humidity
• Effect of wind – relative speed of sound and wind is the resultant speed.
Factors not affecting speed of sound
• Pressure
• Amplitude of wave
• Wavelength or frequency
Light travels much faster than sound (speed of light - 3×108 m/s ; speed of sound – 330 m/s in
air)
Consequences
Thunder is heard some time after we see the flash of lightning.
Speed of sound in air can be found experimentally.

WORK SHEET -9
Question 1
a) Why is sound not heard from all vibrating bodies?
b) State the requisites of a medium for sound to propagate.
c) Explain propagation of sound on water surface.
d) Define ---(i) wave speed (ii) frequency
e) Draw the distance – displacement graph of a particle in wave motion. Label the
diagram.
Question 2
a) Explain why
(i) Laplace’s correction was introduced in Newton’s expression for wave velocity
(ii) Sound travels faster in solids even when solids are denser than liquids and
gases(Vα1/√ρ)
(iii) Speed of sound is independent of pressure though V = √(γP/ρ)
(iv) Sound of thunder follows the flash of lightning.
(v) Sound travels faster through humid air

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