LEARNING MODULE

IN
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
SERVICING NC-II
(The New Normal Way of Learning)

SY. 2020-2021
Handed to:

______________________________________
Name of Learner (Grade 12)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

How to use this module ………………………………………………………..I

MODULE 1

Information Sheet 1.1 …………………………………………………… Page 2

Activity Sheet 1.1 ……………………………………………………….. Page 12

MODULE 2

Information Sheet 1.2 …………………………………………………… Page 14

Self-Check 1.2.………………………………………………………….... Page 22

Job Sheet 1.2 …………………………………………………………….. Page 23

MODULE 3

Information Sheet 1.3 ……………………………………………………. Page 26

Activity Sheet 1.3 ……………………………………………………….. Page 28

MODULE 4

Information Sheet 1.4 ……………………………………………………. Page 29

Job Sheet 1.4 ……………………………………………………………... Page 31

MODULE 5

Information Sheet 1.5 ……………………………………………………. Page 32

Job Sheet 1.5 ……………………………………………………………... Page 35

GRADE 12 – CSS MODULE

INSTALLING COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC 2
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Welcome to the Module “INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING COMPUTER SYSTEMS (ICCS)”. This module
contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “Install and Configure Computer Systems” contains knowledge, skills and attitudes
required for a Computer Systems Servicing NC II course.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete each of the learning
outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome there are Information Sheets and Activity Sheets.
Follow these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of each learning activity.

If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your instructor for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some of the knowledge and skills covered in this module because you have:
o been working for some time
o already have completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your instructor that you are competent in a particular skill or skills, talk to
him/her about having them formally recognized so you don’t have to do the same training again. If you have
a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous training, show it to your instructor. If the skills
you acquired are still current and relevant to this module, they may become part of the evidence you can
present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss it with your instructor.

AFTER COMPLETING THIS MODULE…

ask your instructor to assess your competency so you can proceed to the next core competency of
this subject which is SET-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS where you will learn different computer program and
application operation so you can use your computer in many different tasks where you can be a productive
computer user.

Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the learning activities are
designed for you to complete at your own pace.

Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete followed by relevant information
sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.

Good luck!

I
.
INFORMATION SHEET 1.1
PARTS OF SYSTEM UNIT

Objective: In this topic, you will review and learn about the parts and functions of a computer system unit.
It will be easier to perform PC disassembly/assembly if you are properly familiarized with the different
parts and functions of the system unit.

You are going to study the following system unit components and their functions:

• Motherboard
• Memory (RAM)
• Central Processing Units (CPU)
• Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
• Optical Disk Drives (ODD)
• Expansion/Adapter Cards
• Connectors, Cables, Slots, Sockets and Ports
• CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-conductor)
Battery
• BIOS (Basic Input Output System) Chipset
• Power Supply Unit (PSU)

MOTHERBOARD

The motherboard is a printed circuit board (pcb) and foundation of a computer that is the biggest board in a
computer chassis. It allocates power and allows communication to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other
computer hardware components. (other term: mobo, mainboard, circuitboard)

https://sites.google.com/site/websiteofchsg10/parts-of-motherboard

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INSTALLING COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC 2 Page 1
Types of Motherboard

The motherboard form factor describes its general shape, the type of case and power supply it can use, and
its physical organization (layout of the motherboard). AT Motherboard and ATX Motherboard.

1. AT (Advanced Technology) Motherboard: These Motherboards are the oldest of its kind.

AT motherboard. Note: at the top right hand corner of the board, we

have the AT keyboard port.
https://turbofuture.com/computers/motherboard-form-factors

Did you know?

The first motherboard (called a planar or a "breadboard") was
invented by IBM and sold on its first personal computer (PC) in
1981.

2. ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) Motherboard: is the

motherboard configuration
specification developed in mid-90's and
still available and current used types.

Page 2

ASUS Micro ATX Motherboard

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Main Chipsets of the Motherboard
https://srgtech78.wordpress.com/2019/01/25/north-and-south-bridges-of-a-motherboard-explained/
If you are new into PC hardware and have just figured out what CPU and Motherboard are, you would
probably be thinking what Bridges are doing inside a motherboard. These are not regular bridges that you
see in your daily life but have the same functionality as that of a regular bridge.
These are communication bridges between the CPU
Image Credit: WePc.com and the peripherals connected to it. These help CPU to
communicate to the Memory and the I/O Ports
(input/output connections).
North Bridge Chipset (Memory Controller Hub /
MCH)
Northbridge is connected directly to the CPU via the
front-side bus (FSB) and is thus responsible for tasks
that require the highest performance. The northbridge
is usually paired with a southbridge, also known as
I/O controller hub.
The northbridge was also named external memory
controller hub (MCH) or graphics and memory
controller hub (GMCH) is equipped with integrated
graphics. It basically controls and manage the
following motherboard components: CPU/CPU
Socket, Memory Modules Slots/RAM, AGP and
PCIe Slot/Video card.
South Bridge Chipset (Input Output Controller Hub / IOCH)
The southbridge typically implements the slower capabilities of the motherboard in a
northbridge/southbridge chipset computer architecture. Its basic functionality is to control the PCI Bus, ISA
or LPC Bridge, SPI Bus, SMBus, DMA Controller, Mass Storage, Real-time Clock, BIOS, Audio. It also controls
all I/O (Input/Output) Ports of a computer.
The term chipset often refers to a specific pair of
chips on the motherboard: the northbridge and the
southbridge. The northbridge links the CPU to very
high-speed devices, especially RAM and graphics
controllers, and the southbridge connects to lower-
speed peripheral buses (such as PCI or ISA). In
many modern chipsets, the southbridge contains some on-chip
integrated peripherals, such as Ethernet, USB, and audio devices.
They determine how fast your CPU will communicate with the
motherboard. The faster the communication faster will be the data
processing.

Ang motherboard ang nagsisilbing balangkas ng isang computer

unit. Ito ang nagdidikta sa lahat ng mga gagawin ng iba pang
Image Credit: Wikipedia computer hardware. Dito rin nagkakaroon ng ugnayan ang lahat
ng computer components upang magawa nila nang maayos ang
kani-kanilang functions para sa isang gawain sa computer.

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MEMORY (RAM)
(Random Access Memory) - Primary/temporary storage of the computer. It holds the running applications
in the operating system. The capacity of RAM can be measured by MegaBytes (MB) or GigaByte (GB).

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The brain of the computer system. INTEL and AMD are the two most popular brand of CPU (other term:
microprocessor or processor). The speed of CPU can be measured by Megahertz (MHz) or Gigahertz (Ghz).

CPU Types (from left to right) PGA, BGA and LGA

Generally, in consumer grades, three types of sockets are mostly available. These are; LGA that stands
for Land Grid Array, PGA which stands for Pin Grid Array and lastly, BGA stands for Ball Grid Array.

Magkatulong ang CPU at RAM sa pagpro-process ng lahat ng operasyon na

nangyayari sa ating computer. Lahat ng program na ating ginagamit sa
computer ay hino-hold ng RAM habang ito ay binabasa at inooperate ni
CPU. Kapag malaki at malawak ang specifications ng dalawang
component na ito, magiging smooth at mabilis ang operasyon ng ating
computer.

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HARD DISK DRIVE (HDD)
Secondary/Permanent Storage of the computer. This is where the operating system of computer is
stored and installed as well as the other types of application software. Capacity of Hard disk Drive
can be measured by GB and Terabytes (TB).

Some common brands of HDD: Seagate, Western Digital & Hitachi

Parts of a Typical Type of HDD

Please take time to enumerate different examples of computer storage devices aside from a hard disk
drive.

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Hard Disk Drive Connection Types
There are three main types of Hard Drive interface including the older IDE (Integrated Drive
Electronics) also called PATA (Parallel ATA), the new SATA (Serial ATA), and SCSI (Small
Computer System Interface) which is mainly used on servers and some computer industries.

Back of SATA Hard Disk Drive

SCSI Hard Disk Drive

There are other types of Secondary/Permanent Storage Devices:
Floppy Disk Drive (Traditional Storage Drive) Optical Disk Drives (CDs, DVDs)

Do you remember us?

Ang HDD ang pinaka-importanteng storage device ng ating

computer dahil dito napupunta lahat ng ating mga personal files
at ang operating system ng ating computer. Permanenteng
tinatanggap at pumapasok lahat ng data sa HDD basta’t huwag
itong masisira or macocorrupt.

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INSTALLING COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC 2
EXPANSION/ADAPTER CARDS
Circuit board cards that expand the function of motherboard.

A
B

C D

A. AGP Video Card (Accelerated Graphics Port) – older type of video card
B. PCIe Video Card (Peripheral Component Interface express) – advanced type of video card
Pictures A & B are both Video Card. A video card connects to the motherboard of a computer
system and generates output images to display. Video cards are also referred to as graphics
cards.
C. Sound Card (PCI) - is an internal expansion card that provides input and output of audio
signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs.
D. LAN Card or Ethernet Card (PCI) – also referred as network interface controller (NIC) is a
computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.

Video card is the most important type of adapter card and it is widely use especially for
the type of computer units that are used for gaming activities and other tasks requiring
high specs of computer graphics. The other adapter cards are optional components
because of the presence of back panel ports in the motherboard.

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Motherboard Connectors, Cables, Slots, Sockets, and Ports
CPU Sockets

Memory Module Slots

Expansion Card Slots

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20 to 24-Pin Power Connector (ATX Connector) – this is where we connect ATX power
connector from the PSU.

IDE / PATA Cable – Standard HDD Cable SATA Cable – Advanced HDD connecyion
type

Front Panel Connectors – Provides function for the power, reset button, USB header and audio
ports.

CMOS Battery Flash BIOS Chipset

Updates the Serves as the ROM of the
BIOS Settings computer system and
operates the computer during start-up.

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INSTALLING COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC 2
Power Supply Unit (PSU) – A power supply unit converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated
DC power for the internal components of a computer.

Back panel Ports / Input-Output Panel – this is where all the external peripherals are connected.

A. PS/2 (Personal System)

A
Keyboard/Mouse Port
B. USB (Universal Serial Bus)
Port – Flash drives, etc.
C. Serial COM Port – old input B
devices
D. VGA (Video Graphics Array)
Port – VGA cable for
Monitors/Display C

E. Audio Out Jack –

Speakers/earphones
F. Mic Jack - Microphone
H
G. Line-in Jack – audio extension D
H. Parallel Port (LPT) Line
Printer Terminal
I. LAN (Local Area Network)
I
Port – Network
cable/connection
E

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 Activity Sheet 1.1
Technical Terms in the Computer Systems

A. Identify the meaning of each computer system acronyms/abbreviations.

1. AGP __________________________________________________________
2. ATX __________________________________________________________
3. BIOS __________________________________________________________
4. CMOS __________________________________________________________
5. CPU __________________________________________________________
6. DDR __________________________________________________________
7. HDD __________________________________________________________
8. IDE __________________________________________________________
9. IO __________________________________________________________
10. LAN __________________________________________________________
11. LGA __________________________________________________________
12. PCI __________________________________________________________
13. PGA __________________________________________________________
14. PS/2 __________________________________________________________
15. RAM __________________________________________________________
16. SATA __________________________________________________________
17. SDRAM __________________________________________________________
18. USB __________________________________________________________
19. PCIe __________________________________________________________
20. VGA __________________________________________________________

B. Identify the different parts of motherboard back panel.

Write your answers here…

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C. Identify what component of system unit is being refer to in each statement.

1. This is the main board or considered as the framework of the computer system that gives
instruction to all the components connected to it. __________________________
2. It is a type of expansion or adapter card that serves the network connectivity of the
computer system. _________________________
3. This is the life source of the BIOS chipset that maintains the settings and configurations of the
computer hardware. __________________________
4. This serves as the primary storage of the computer system that handles the running or
background applications. ___________________________
5. It is the component that supplies proper voltage in the computer system.
_____________________________
6. This main chipset of the computer system controls the CPU, RAM and video card slots.
_________________
7. This is the part of the main board where input and output components are
being connected. _______________________
8. This flash chipset serves as ROM (read-only memory) of the computer and operates only during
computer start-up. _____________________________
9. This is the secondary or permanent storage device of the computer system.
______________________________
10. These are the main board slots or connector for video/graphics card. _______________ and
_________________

D. Enumerate motherboard connectors, slots, socket and cable connectors as many as you can.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.2
DISASSEMBLING & ASSEMBLING COMPUTER SYSTEM

Objective: After the lesson about the computer system unit components, you must know how to perform
disassembling and assembling a computer system unit. This kind of skill helps us to easily determine the
possible errors we might encounter inside the system unit affecting the computer’s overall functionality.

• Computer assembly is a large part of a technician's job.

• Work in a logical and methodical manner when working with computer components
• Improve computer assembly skills dramatically with practice.

Source: TESDA CBLM for CSS NC-II (COC 1 of this Qualification/Subject)

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Open the Case
▪ Prepare the workspace before opening the computer case:
- Adequate lighting
- Good ventilation
- Comfortable room temperature
- Workbench accessible from all sides
- Avoid cluttering workbench
- An antistatic mat on the table
- Small containers to hold screws and other small parts
▪ There are different methods for opening cases. To learn how, consult the user manual or
manufacturer's website.

Install the Power Supply

Power supply installation steps include the following:
1. Insert the power supply into the case
2. Align the holes in the power supply with the holes in the case
3. Secure the power supply to the case using the proper screws

Attach Components to the Motherboard

▪ As part of an upgrade or repair, a technician may need to attach
components to the motherboard, and then install the
motherboard.

CPU on Motherboard
▪ The CPU and motherboard are sensitive to electrostatic discharge
so use a grounded antistatic mat and wear an antistatic wrist
strap. CAUTION: When handling a CPU, do not touch the CPU
contacts.
▪ The CPU is secured to the socket on the motherboard with a
locking assembly.

Thermal Compound (Optional)

▪ Thermal compound helps to keep the CPU cool.
▪ To install a used CPU, clean it and the base of the heat sink with isopropyl alcohol to remove the old
thermal compound.
▪ Follow manufacturer’s
recommendations
about applying the
thermal compound.

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Heat Sink/Fan Assembly
▪ The Heat Sink/Fan Assembly is a two-part cooling device.
▪ The heat sink draws heat away from the CPU.
▪ The fan moves the heat away from the heat sink.
The heat sink/fan assembly usually has a 3-pin power connector.
Install CPU and Heat Sink/Fan Assembly
1. Align the CPU so that the Connection 1 indicator is lined up with Pin 1 on the CPU socket.
2. Place the CPU gently into the socket.
3. Close the CPU load plate and secure it by closing the load lever and moving it under the load lever
retention tab.
4. Apply a small amount of thermal compound to the CPU and spread it evenly. Follow the application
instructions provided by the manufacturer.
5. Line up the heat sink/fan assembly retainers to the holes on the motherboard.
6. Place the heat sink/fan assembly onto the CPU socket, being careful not to pinch the CPU fan wires.
7. Tighten the heat sink/fan assembly retainers to secure the assembly in place.
8. Connect the heat sink/fan assembly power cable to the header on the motherboard.

Install RAM
▪ RAM provides temporary data storage for the CPU while the computer is operating.
▪ RAM should be installed in the motherboard before the motherboard is placed in the computer
case.
▪ RAM installation steps:
1. Align the notches on the RAM module to the keys in the slot and press down until the side
tabs click into place.
2. Make sure that the side tabs have locked the RAM module and visually check for exposed
contacts.

The Motherboard
▪ The motherboard is now ready to install in the computer case.
▪ Plastic and metal standoffs are used to mount the motherboard and to prevent it from touching the
metal portions of the case.
▪ Install only the standoffs that align with the holes in the motherboard.
▪ Installing any additional standoffs may prevent the motherboard from being seated properly in the
computer case.

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Install Motherboard
1. Install standoffs in the computer case.
2. Align the I/O connectors on the back of the motherboard with the
openings in the back of the case.
3. Align the screw holes of the motherboard with the standoffs.
4. Insert all of the motherboard screws.
5. Tighten all of the motherboard screws.

Install Internal Drives

▪ Drives that are installed in internal bays are called internal drives.
▪ A hard disk drive (HDD) is an example of an internal drive.
▪ HDD installation steps:
1. Position the HDD so that it aligns with the 3.5-inch drive bay.
2. Insert the HDD into the drive bay so that the screw holes in the drive
line up with the screw holes in the case.
3. Secure the HDD to the case using the proper screws.

Install Drives in External Bays

▪ Drives, such as optical drives (CD and DVD) and floppy drives, are installed in
drive bays that are accessed from the front of the case.
▪ Optical drives and floppy drives store data on removable media.
▪ Drives in external bays allow access to the media without opening the case.

Install Optical Drive

▪ An optical drive is a storage device that reads and writes information to CDs or
DVDs.
▪ Optical drive installation steps:
1. Position the optical drive to align with the 5.25 inch drive bay.
2. Insert the optical drive into the drive bay so that the optical drive screw holes align with the
screw holes in the case.
3. Secure the optical drive to the case using the proper screws.

Install Floppy Drive

▪ A floppy disk drive (FDD) is a storage device
that reads and writes information to a floppy
disk.
▪ FDD installation steps:
1. Position the FDD so that it aligns with
the 3.5 inches drive bay.

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 2. Insert the FDD into the drive bay so that the FDD screw holes align with the screw holes in
the case.
3. Secure the FDD to the case using the proper screws.

Install Adapter Cards

▪ Adapter cards are installed to add functionality to a computer.
▪ Adapter cards must be compatible with the expansion slot.
▪ Some adapter cards:
1. PCIe x1 NIC
2. PCI Wireless NIC
3. PCIe x16 video
adapter card

Install the Network Interface Card

(NIC)
▪ A NIC enables a computer to connect to a network.
▪ NICs use PCI and PCIe expansion slots on the motherboard.

▪ NIC installation steps:

1. Align the NIC to the appropriate slot on the motherboard.
2. Press down gently on the NIC until the card is seated.
3. Secure the NIC PC mounting bracket to the case with the appropriate screw.

Install the Wireless NIC

▪ A wireless NIC enables a computer to connect
to a wireless network.
▪ Some wireless NICs are installed externally
with a USB connector.
▪ Wireless NIC installation steps:
1. Align the wireless NIC to the appropriate expansion slot on
the motherboard.
2. Press down gently on the wireless NIC until the card is
fully seated.
3. Secure the mounting bracket to the case with the appropriate
screw.

Install the Video Adapter Card

▪ A video adapter card is the interface between a computer and a
display monitor.
▪ An upgraded video adapter card can provide better graphic
capabilities for games and graphic programs.
▪ Video adapter card installation steps:
1. Align the video adapter card to the appropriate expansion
slot on the motherboard.

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INSTALLING COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC 2 Page 17
 2. Press down gently on the video
adapter card until the card is fully
seated.
3. Secure the video adapter card
PC mounting bracket to the case
with the appropriate screw.
Connect Internal Cables
▪ Power cables are used to distribute electricity from the power supply to the
motherboard and other components.
▪ Data cables transmit data between the motherboard and storage devices,
such as hard drives.
▪ Additional cables connect the buttons and link lights on the front of the
computer case to the motherboard.

Connect Power Cables

Motherboard Power Connections
▪ The Advanced Technology Extended (ATX) main power connector has
either 20 or 24 pins.
▪ The power supply may also have a 4-pin or 6-pin Auxiliary (AUX)
power connector that connects to the motherboard.
▪ A 20-pin connector will work in a motherboard with a 24-pin socket.

Connect Power Cables

▪ ATA Power Connectors use a 15-pin connector to connect to hard disk drives, optical drives,
or any devices that have a SATA power socket.
▪ Molex Power Connectors are used by hard disk drives and
optical drives that do not have SATA power sockets.
▪ CAUTION: Do not use a Molex connector and a SATA power

SA connector on the same drive at the same time.

▪ 4-pin Berg Power Connector supplies power to a floppy drive.

TA M B
Power Connector Installation Steps
ol e
1. Plug the SATA power connector into the HDD. ex r
2.
3.
Plug the Molex power connector into the optical drive.
Plug the 4-pin Berg power connector into the FDD.
g
4. Connect the 3-pin fan power connector into the appropriate fan header on the
motherboard, according to the motherboard manual.
5. Plug the additional cables from the case into the appropriate connectors according to the
motherboard manual.

PATA Cables
▪ Drives connect to the motherboard using data cables.
▪ Types of data cables are PATA, SATA, and floppy disk.

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 ▪ The PATA cable (sometimes called a ribbon cable) is wide and flat and can have either 40 or 80
conductors.
▪ A PATA cable usually has three 40-pin connectors.
▪ If multiple hard drives are installed, the master drive will
connect to the end connector. The slave drive will connect to
the middle connector.
▪ Many motherboards have two PATA cable sockets, which
provides support for a maximum of four PATA drives.

SATA Cables
▪ The SATA data cable has a 7-pin connector.
▪ One end of the cable is connected to the motherboard.
▪ The other end is connected to any drive that has a SATA data
connector.
▪ Floppy Drive Cables
▪ The floppy drive data cable has a 34-pin connector and it has a stripe to
denote the location of pin 1.
▪ One connector at the end of the cable connects to the motherboard. The
other two connectors connect to drives.
▪ If multiple floppy drives are installed, the A: drive will connect to the
end connector. The B: drive will connect to the middle connector.
▪ Motherboards have one floppy drive controller which provides support
for a maximum of two floppy drives.

Install Data Cables

1. Plug the motherboard end of the PATA cable into the motherboard
socket.
2. Plug the connector at the far end of the PATA cable into the optical
drive.
3. Plug one end of the SATA cable into the motherboard socket.
4. Plug the other end of the SATA cable into the HDD.
5. Plug the motherboard end of the FDD cable into the motherboard socket.
6. Plug the connector at the far end of the FDD cable into the floppy drive.

Re-attach Panels, Connect External Cables

▪ Now that all the internal components have been installed and connected to the motherboard and
power supply, the side panels are re-attached to the computer case.
▪ The next step is to connect the cables for all computer peripherals and the power cable.

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Re-attach Side Panels
▪ Most computer cases have two panels, one on each side.
▪ Once the cover is in place, make sure that it is secured at all screw locations.
▪ Refer to the documentation or manufacturer’s website if you are unsure about how to remove or
replace your computer case.
CAUTION: Handle case parts with care. Some computer case covers have sharp or jagged edges.
Connect External Cables
▪ After the case panels have been re-attached, connect the external cables to the back
of the computer.
▪ External cable connections include:
▪ Monitor USB
▪ Keyboard Power
▪ Mouse Ethernet
CAUTION: When attaching cables, never force a connection.
NOTE: Plug in the power cable after you have connected all other cables.
Connect External Cables
1. Attach the monitor cable to the video port.
2. Secure the cable by tightening the screws on the connector.
3. Plug the keyboard cable into the PS/2 keyboard port.
4. Plug the mouse cable into the PS/2 mouse port.
5. Plug the USB cable into a USB port.
6. Plug the network cable into the network port.
7. Connect the wireless antenna to the antenna connector.
8. Plug the power cable into the power supply.

Disassembling System Unit Procedures:

1. Detach the power cables 5. Remove the drives

2. Remove the System Unit Cover 6. Remove the memory modules
3. Detach internal cables 7. Remove the power supply unit
4. Remove the adapter cards 8. Remove the motherboard

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INSTALLING COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC 2
 Self - Check 1.2
Disassembling & Assembling Computer System

A. Instructions: Match the PC Components to its proper location in the motherboard.

B. Instructions: Enumerate examples of computer components according to their classification.

Internal Hardware External Hardware

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INSTALLING COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC 2
 JOB SHEET 1.2
DISASSEMBLING & ASSEMBLING COMPUTER SYSTEM

Performance Objective: Given a personal computer, you are going to disassemble & assemble the unit
within 30 minutes.

Supplies, Tools and Materials:

• A small Phillips (star) screw driver and a small flat blade screw driver).
• Bond paper
• Anti static wrest band
• Pliers
• Anti static mat
Equipment : A working PC.
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Confirm that the hardware works...
- Does your video monitor work?
Does your PC boot?
Do your floppy drive and CD/DVD drive work?
Does the hard drive work?
Do the keyboard and mouse functioning?

2. 2. Turn OFF the system.

NOTE : read this in its entirety before you begin

1. Discharge yourself of all static electricity by touching the PC’s chassis (or the ground screw on the
receptacle.)
2. Safety NOTE!! Beware of sharp edges!!! The cheaper chassis have very sharp edges that can cut you
easily. Be very careful and take your time. Remember, SAFETY FIRST.
3. As you remove each board and disk drive, document the information listed in the attached
Specifications document (note some parts of the spec sheets won’t apply to this lab).

3. Disassemble the Unit

Remove the External I/O Systems:

1. Unplug all power cords, from the commercial outlet
2. Remove all peripherals from the system unit.
3. Disconnect the keyboard from the rear of the unit.
4. Disconnect the monitor power cable.
5. Disconnect the monitor signal cable (video cable) from the video adapter card.

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Do the following for each card and drive removed:

• Before removing a card, document any cables that are attached to the card, noting where they
go and their orientation.
• Store screws properly.
• Note the position of the color strip (pin no. 1) on the cables and make a mark for the pin
no.1 if needed on the I/O card or Motherboard and on the Floppy and the hard drive.

Remove the Storage Devices in the System Unit:

6. Remove the floppy drive.
7. Remove the hard drive.

Remove the Interface Cards (Adapter Cards):

8. Remove the video card from the expansion slot.
9. Remove other interface cards if exists.

• draw a picture of the card. The drawing should accurately show-->

• the shape of the board,
• the connectors on the board, including the card edge connector,
• the number of pins on connectors,
• all jumpers and the jumper settings.
• label the board with any identification that appears on the card (chip sets or
manufacturer stamps, BIOS stamps, etc...).

4. Assemble the PC
- To assemble the PC, reverse the procedure above or follow the procedures in the information
sheet “DISASSEMBLING & ASSEMBLING COMPUTER SYSTEM”

Assessment Method:
Demonstration, Performance Criteria checklist

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Performance Criteria Checklist

CRITERIA Yes No
Did you…

Followed Safety procedures

Checked Hardware functionality

Observed safety used of tools and equipment in accordance with the

manufacturer’s instruction

Checked PPE condition in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction

Disassembled the unit properly

Removed the external I/O system

Removed the storage devices in the system

Removed interface cards

Followed the correct procedures in assembling the PC

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.3
BOOTING THE COMPUTER SYSTEM AFTER ITS ASSEMBLY

Objective: You must learn how to properly start-up or boot-up a computer after the disassembly/assembly
process. Executing the ESD prevention procedures will ensure safe and normal boot-up of the computer
system.
Boot Computer for the First Time
▪ The BIOS is a set of instructions stored in a non-volatile memory chip.
▪ When the computer is booted, the basic input/output system (BIOS) will perform a power on self-
test (POST) to check on all of the internal components.

▪ A special key or combination of keys on the keyboard is used to enter the BIOS setup program.
(BIOS keys may vary on different brands of motherboard – del, F10, F1 or F12)
▪ The BIOS setup program displays information about all of the components in the computer.

Identify Beep Codes

▪ POST checks to see that all of the hardware in the computer is operating correctly.
▪ If a device is malfunctioning, an error or a beep code alerts the technician that there is a problem.
▪ Typically, a single beep denotes that the computer is functioning properly.
▪ If there is a hardware problem, the computer may emit a series of beeps.
▪ Each BIOS manufacturer uses different codes to indicate hardware problems.
▪ Consult the motherboard documentation to view beep codes for your computer.
BIOS Setup
▪ The BIOS contains a setup program used to configure settings for hardware devices.
▪ The configuration data is saved to a special memory chip called a complementary metal-oxide
semiconductor (CMOS).
▪ CMOS is maintained by the battery in the computer.
▪ If this battery dies, all BIOS setup configuration data will be lost.
▪ Replace the battery and reconfigure the BIOS settings.
Ang BIOS ay may tatlong pangunahing gampanin sa ating computer:
1. Ito ay sumusuporta sa POST (Power-on Self Test) o sa pagsindi at boot up ng PC.
2. Namamagitan ang BIOS sa RAM at CPU during computer process.
3. Minamanage ng BIOS lahat ng computer peripherals.

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BIOS Setup Program
BIOS settings are configured in the BIOS setup program. These are examples of BIOS user interface in various
models of computer system.

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 Activity Sheet 1.3
BIOS and its Importance

Instructions: Answer the following questions based on your own interpretation. Write your answers in the
space provided below.
1. What is the significance of the BIOS for our computer system?
2. Why BIOS has different platforms and user interfaces?
3. Can the computer boot-up accordingly without the aid of BIOS?
4. How CMOS and BIOS work together?

Write your answers here…

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.4
CREATING BOOTABLE USB DEVICE USING CMD (Command Prompt)

Objective: After studying about the importance of BIOS for the computer system, you must be able to create
a bootable USB drive for the operating system installation. In this lesson, you will create a bootable drive
without using any downloaded application or third-party software in the computer.

A bootable USB drive is an external hard drive that contains operating system and can be used to boot a
computer or laptop. Most users plan to create a bootable USB drive in Windows with the following three
different purposes.

◆ Repair Windows PC: the most important one should be saving the PC when it cannot boot successfully due
to a virus, serious system failure, defective hard drive, or other disk errors. With the bootable USB drive, you
can reboot the computer and repair it accordingly.
◆ Clean install OS: it can be used as an external installation media to clean install operating system. This is
much quicker and easier than installing OS from CD or DVD-ROM.
◆ Bring your familiar OS everywhere: the bootable USB drive can also be a portable Windows device, which
you can take everywhere and enjoy the familiar OS environment on other computers, even the brand-new
one without OS installed.

Reference link: https://www.diskpart.com/articles/create-a-bootable-usb-stick-on-windows-7201.html

To create a bootable USB drive

manually, we will use the Command
Prompt as a Windows default
program. Here are step by step
procedures to create a bootable USB
drive as the Windows installation
media. To create a bootable USB
drive as a Windows installation
media, we require at least 4 GB for
minimum capacity. Larger capacity
is better. At this moment, you can
use a USB flash drive with 2 GB of
capacity as just an example.

1. Insert your USB flash drive

to your running computer.
As the first step, we need to
run Command Prompt as
administrator. To do this,
we need to find cmd by
typing 'cmd' in the search
box on Windows Start
Menu. After search result

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 for 'cmd' appears, right click on it and select "Run as administrator".
2. Type 'diskpart' on Command Prompt (without quotes) and hit Enter. Wait for a while until the
DISKPART program run.
https://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Create-a-Bootable-USB-Drive-Without-Using-A/
3. Type 'list disk' to view
active disks on your computer and hit Enter. There would be seen that the active disks shown as
Disk 0 for hard drive and Disk 1 for your USB flashdrive with its total capacity.
4. Type 'select disk x' to determine what disk would be processed in the next step then hit Enter.
(“x” is the disk no.)
5. Type 'clean' and hit Enter to remove all of data in the drive.
6. Type 'create partition primary' and hit Enter. Creating a primary partition and further recognized
by Windows as 'partition 1'.
7. Type 'select partition 1' and hit Enter. Choosing the 'partition 1' for setting up it as an active
partition.
8. Type 'active' and hit Enter. Activating current partition.
9. Type 'format fs=ntfs quick' and hit Enter. Formatting current partition as NTFS file system
quickly.
10. Type 'exit' and hit Enter. Leaving DISKPART program but don't close the Command Prompt instead.
We would still need it for next process.

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Creating Bootable USB Drive using downloaded and third-party applications

Aside from just using the CMD, we can use the following downloaded and third-party applications to create
a bootable flashdrive windows installer for advanced purposes like installing newer types and version of
operating system. There are also USB bootable programs for creating a multiboot USB device.
Rufus (Portable application) PowerISO (installed application)

Please check these video links showing how to use the downloaded applications for bootable USB creation:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQfCvoAEY7w
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDhBV649QHQ

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 JOB SHEET 1.4
CREATING USB BOOTABLE DEVICE

Performance Objective: Given a USB flash drive, you are going to create a bootable drive using the
CMD program.

Supplies, Tools and Materials:

• At least 4 GB USB drive

Equipment : A working PC.

Steps / Procedure
Refer to the Information sheet 1.4

Assessment Method:
Demonstration, Performance Criteria checklist

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.5
Operating System (OS)

Objective: After creating a bootable USB device for OS installation, let’s study about different types of
operating system and learn how to install an operating system in computer system.

Operating system
- An operating system (OS) manages computer resources and provides programmers with an interface used
to access those resources.

Microsoft Windows

Windows 7 User Interface

Microsoft Windows is the collective brand name of several software operating systems by Microsoft.
Microsoft first introduced an operating environment named Windows in November 1985 as an add-on to MS-
DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).[31][32][not in citation given] The most
recent client version of Windows is Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 which was available at retail
on October 22, 2009.

Mac OS X

Mac OS X Snow Leopard desktop

Mac OS X is a line of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc.. Mac
OS X is the successor to the original Mac OS, which had been Apple's primary operating system since 1984.
Unlike its predecessors, Mac OS X is a Unix-based graphical operating system.

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Linux

A Linux distribution (Kubuntu) running the KDE 4 desktop environment.

Linux is a family of Unix-like computer operating systems. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of
free software and open source development: typically all underlying source code can be freely modified,
used, and redistributed by anyone.[33] The name "Linux" comes from the Linux kernel, started in 1991 by
Linus Torvalds.

Applications

GIMP raster graphics editor

A computer user will apply application software to carry out a specific task. System software
supports applications and provides common services such as memory management, network connectivity,
or device drivers; all of which may be used by applications but which are not directly of interest to the end
user.

• Software applications
Software - is the programs and data that a computer uses.

• Network OS Software
Network-are multiple computers linked together to make simultaneous information sharing
and exchange by multiple users.

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The Purpose of an Operating System
The operating system (OS) controls almost all functions on a computer.
Roles of an Operating System
▪ All computers rely on an operating system (OS) to provide the
interface for interaction between users, applications, and hardware.
▪ The operating system boots the computer and manages the file
system.
▪ Almost all modern operating systems can support more than one user,
task, or CPU.
▪ The operating system has four main roles:
▪ Control hardware access
▪ Manage files and folders
▪ Provide user interface
▪ Manage applications

Characteristics of Operating Systems

▪ Control hardware access
▪ OS automatically discovers and configures PnP hardware
▪ File and folder management
▪ User interface
▪ Command line interface (CLI)
▪ Graphical user interface (GUI)
▪ Application management
▪ Open Graphics Library (OpenGL)
▪ DirectX
The Types of Operating Systems
▪ Command Line Interface (CLI): The user types commands at a prompt.

▪ Graphical User Interface (GUI): The user interacts with menus and icons.

Most operating systems include both a GUI and a CLI

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 Job Sheet 1.5

Title : Installation of Operating System

Performance Objective : Given a working personal computer you are going to partition the hard disk
in two, format in NTFS, install Operating system & necessary drivers.
Duration 1.5 hours.

Supplies, Tools & Equipment :

• Working PC
• OS Installer
• Drivers Software
• Manuals

Steps/ Procedure:
1. Start Computer
a. Check cable connections if it is properly connected.
b. Connect the power cord to the power outlet.
c. Switch on the AVR & UPS
d. Switch on the CPU & Monitor
2. Go to BIOS setup & change boot option to USB Device
a. Press the Del key or F1
b. On boot option select USB device drive as your first boot & hard disk in the second.
c. Save and restart the computer.
3. Wait for few seconds for the appearance of command “press any key to from cd…..”
(this may not appear when using flash drive as your installer)
4. Upon booting in the windows installer, follow the step-by-step instructions
(selecting default language, accepting the EULA for proceeding the process)
5. Choose the appropriate integer bit of the windows for your computer specification.
6. Select Custom Installation then carefully manage your HDD partitions.
7. Finally, install the windows to Drive 1 (Drive C:)
8. Final step, just wait for the installation process to finish for the final touches.

Install Necessary Drivers.

• Right click My Computer
• Go to Properties
• Click Hardware
• Open Device Manager
• Right Click the device with yellow Question mark
• Click Update drivers
• Select No Not at this time
• Click next
• Select an option if what you want the wizard to do
• Click next
• Wait until the driver will be installed.

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Assessment Method:
Demonstration, Performance Criteria checklist

CRITERIA Yes No
Did you….

Started the computer properly

Made USB Drive as first boot option

Deleted partition/s

Created two partition

Formatted Hard disk in NTFS

Installed Operating System

Installed all necessary drivers

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Page 36
 By the end of this module, you are expected to express and understand the
functions of different vital components of the system unit, proper procedure of PC
disassembly/assembly and applying the rules of occupational health & safety while
working on a computer unit. You’re also expected to identify different examples of
operating system especially the Windows OS versions. Creating bootable USB OS
installer is the most convenient method to use for OS installation for the most of
the computer units nowadays. It is important as a computer technician that we are
fully equipped with different software applications so we can address the concerns
of our clients and customers in terms of software problems.

== END of MODULE for COC 1 of CSS ==

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