Design of Steel Structures CE 401

ASSIGNMENT 26

Submit before ​12/11/2020, 8:00am.

1. Design a simply supported beam of 10 m effective span carrying a total factored

load of 60kN/m. The depth of the beam should not exceed 500mm. The
compression flange of the beam is laterally supported by floor construction.
Assume stiff end bearing as 75 mm.
2. Steel beams having a clear span of 9m are resting on 150 mm wide end
bearings. The beams spacing is 3 m and the beams carry a dead load of
5kN/m2, including weight of the section. The imposed load on the beam is
15kN/m2. The beam depth is restricted to 575 mm and the yield strength of the
steel is 250N/mm2.
DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES CE 401

MODULE 4
DESIGN OF BEAMS

PREPARED BY
KRISHNENDU SIVADAS
ASST. PROFESSOR, UKFCET 1
MODULE 4 - BEAMS

SYLLABUS : Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

DESIGN OF BEAMS- LATERALLY RESTRAINED AND UNRESTRAINED – SIMPLE

AND COMPOUND BEAMS- PLATE GIRDERS SUBJECTED TO UNIFORMLY
DISTRIBUTED LOADS – DESIGN OF STIFFENERS.

2
PLATE GIRDERS
Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

 When span and load increase, the available rolled section may not be sufficient,
even after strengthening with cover plates.
 In such situations, plate girders are used.
Examples:
 Large column free halls in lower floor of multi-storey building.
 Girders to carry crane loads
 In road or railway bridges
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GIRDER : A LARGE BEAM USED FOR BUILDING BRIDGES AND FRAMEWORK
OF LARGE BUILDINGS WHICH SUPPORTS SMALLER BEAMS OR JOISTS.

Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

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PLATE GIRDERS
Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

 Plate girders are built-up flexural members.

 Their bending resistance can be increased by increasing the distance between the
flanges.
 Hence as the web area increases, shear resistance increases.
 Web being thinner in proportion to depth, will lead to web buckling.
 Hence intermediate stiffeners are placed along its length dividing it into smaller
panels and reducing the plate span, increasing the web buckling resistance.

5
 Stiffeners
Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

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ELEMENTS OF PLATE GIRDER
Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

 WEB
 FLANGE
 STIFFENERS
 Web, flange and stiffeners are all plates which
are connected through welding.

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STIFFENERS
 Stiffeners are provided to safeguard web against buckling failure. They may be classified
as:
 Transverse stiffeners (vertical)
 Transverse stiffeners are of two types:
 Bearing stiffener (Transfers load to support) Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

 Intermediate stiffener (to improve buckling strength of web)

 Longitudinal stiffeners (horizontal)
 If only one longitudinal stiffeners, then it is provided at 0.2d from compression flange. If
another stiffener to be provided, it is provided at the mid depth of web. ( d = depth of
web) 8
DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES CE 401

MODULE 4
DESIGN OF BEAMS

PREPARED BY
KRISHNENDU SIVADAS
ASST. PROFESSOR, UKFCET 1
MODULE 4 - BEAMS

SYLLABUS : Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

DESIGN OF BEAMS- LATERALLY RESTRAINED AND UNRESTRAINED – SIMPLE

AND COMPOUND BEAMS- PLATE GIRDERS SUBJECTED TO UNIFORMLY
DISTRIBUTED LOADS – DESIGN OF STIFFENERS.

2
STIFFENERS
 Stiffeners are provided to safeguard web against buckling failure. They may be classified
as:
 Transverse stiffeners (vertical)
 Transverse stiffeners are of two types:
 Bearing stiffener (Transfers load to support) Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

 Intermediate stiffener (to improve buckling strength of web)

 Longitudinal stiffeners (horizontal)
 If only one longitudinal stiffeners, then it is provided at 0.2d from compression flange. If
another stiffener to be provided, it is provided at the mid depth of web. ( d = depth of
web) 3
 Stiffeners
Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

4
DESIGN PROCEDURE – PLATE GIRDER WITH AND
WITHOUT STIFFENERS
Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

STEP 1: Load calculation

𝑾
 Assume self weight of plate girder w = kN/m w
𝟐𝟎𝟎
STEP 2: Moment and shear force calculation M and V
STEP 3: Economical depth of web
 Assume value of k = d/tw
 Conditions:
 d/tw ≤ 67 ∈ → normal beam/plate girder (Thicker web)
 d/tw ≥ 67 ∈ → plate girder + end/ intermediate stiffeners (Thinner web)
𝑴𝒌 𝟏/𝟑 dw, tw
 d=
𝒇𝒚 5
DESIGN PROCEDURE – PLATE GIRDER WITH AND Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS
STEP 4: Selection of flange
WITHOUT STIFFENERS
𝑨𝒇 𝒇𝒚 𝒅
 ≥𝑴
𝟏.𝟏
Af and tf
𝒃
 Most critical condition : plastic class (welded section)
𝒕𝒇
≤ 8.4∈

STEP 5: Check for moment (IS 800: 2007 cl. 8.2.1.2)

 Zp (whole section) and Ze of whole section Md > M
 Moment resisted by flanges only Md < 1.2 Ze fy/ 𝜸𝒎𝒐
STEP 6: Check for shear (cl.8.4.1)
 For welded section Av = d tw Vd > V
 If Vd > V , No need of vertical (or transverse) stiffeners 6
DESIGN PROCEDURE – PLATE GIRDER WITH AND Prepared by KRISHNENDU SIVADAS

WITHOUT STIFFENERS
STEP 7: Check for web crippling (Cl. 8.7.4)
 Fw > V, No need of end (or bearing) stiffeners Fw > V
STEP 8: Welded connection design
 To be designed for shear
 Shear force = shear stress x Area

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DESIGN OF STIFFENERS

Design the load

Design end bearing Design the
carrying stiffener if
stiffeners (two end connection of
required (Vertical
bearings) stiffener
stiffeners)

Fw < V Vd < V
Design the
intermediate
stiffener if
required.
k= d/tw ≥ 200 ∈ → plate girder + intermediate stiffeners (Thinner web) 8
FOR DESIGN PROCEDURES OF STIFFENERS
REFER DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES BY LIMIT STATE METHOD AS
PER IS 800:2007
BY SS BHAVIKATTI
FOURTH EDITION - PAGE NO. 316-320

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DESIGN PROCEDURE : END BEARING STIFFENERS

10
DESIGN PROCEDURE : INTERMEDIATE STIFFENERS

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 Design of Steel Structures CE 401
Tutorial - MODULE 4
Date : 16/11/2020, Monday (5th & 6th hour)

Submit before 17/11/2020, 8:00 AM

Set 1
Roll nos. 1-15

1. Design a 18 m long simply supported welded plate girder carrying a UDL of 50kN/m
excluding self weight. Assume that the girder is laterally supported throughout.

2. Design a simply supported beam of span 5m carrying a factored load of 40kN/m over the
entire span. The compression flange is fully restrained laterally. All the necessary checks
should be made.

SET - 2
Roll nos. 16-30

1. Design a 12 m long simply supported welded plate girder carrying a UDL of 60kN/m. The
girder is fully restrained against lateral buckling throughout its span.

2. Design a simply supported beam of 10m effective span carrying a total factored load of
60kN/m. The depth of beam should not exceed 500mm. The compression flange of
beam is laterally supported by floor construction. Assume stiff end bearing is 75mm.

SET 3
Roll nos. 31-45

3. Design a welded plate girder 25 m in effective span and simply supported at the two
ends. It carries a UDL of 100 kN/m.

4. Design the simply supported main beam of a building supporting concrete floor slab with
the following data:
Centre to centre distance of beams – 6m Span of beam – 7m
Thickness of concrete slab – 240mm Finished screed – 40mm thick
Weight of concrete slab and finished screed- 24kN/m3
Imposed load – 4kN/m2

Set -4
Roll nos. 46- 64
1. A conference hall 8mx12m is provided with a 120 mm RCC slab over rolled steel
I-beams spaced 4m centre to centre. The super imposed load is 4kN/m2 and
floor finish of 1.5 kN/m2. Design one of the beam as laterally supported.

2. Design a welded plate girder of span 35 m to carry a superimposed load of 40kN/m.

Avoid using bearing and end stiffeners.