AI For Business

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Artificial Intelligence

for Business
In our imagination…
Artificial Intelligence in everyday products…
Why is AI becoming usable for business?

Algorithms Data Computing


Power
Investors are interested. A lot!
Investors are interested. A lot!
AI is rapidly moving from inflated expectations to productivity
Technologies and Services
What is available on the market

Services built on AI

Platforms, SaaS and APIs

Technologies and Research


What is available on the market
What is available on the market
Defining Artificial Intelligence
A definition of human intelligence
A definition of artificial intelligence

The capacity of a computer to


perform operations analogous to
learning and decision making in
humans.
3 levels of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Artificial Artificial


Narrow General Super
Intelligence Intelligence Intelligence

Specialized in Specialized in Smarter than humans


one area. all area. in every way.
3 levels of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Artificial Artificial


Narrow General Super

ss
re

y
Intelligence Intelligence Intelligence

it
og

ar
Pr

ul
in

ng
k

Si
or
W
Specialized in Specialized in Smarter than humans
one area. all area. in every way.
What are (some of) the skills of Artificial Intelligence today?

Natural Language Processing


Knowledge Representation
Machine Learning
Automatic Reasoning
Automatic Planning
What are (some of) the skills of Artificial Intelligence today?

AI understands inputs

Speech
Natural AI manages knowledge AI executes tasks
Language
to Text
Processing
Ontologies
Pre-Trained Automatic Automatic
and
Datasets Reasoning Planning
Linked Data
Image
Recognition

AI learns

Machine Deep
Learning Learning
Understanding inputs: Speech recognition

Speech recognition can be


used to allow applications
to take commands from
humans, to transcribe
conversations or even
participate in them.

Popular commercial
examples are Apple’s Siri,
Google Now and Amazon’s
Alexa.
Understanding inputs: Speech recognition

https://cloud.google.com/speech/ https://www.microsoft.com/cognitive-services/en-us/speech-api
Understanding Inputs: Natural Language Processing

Natural Language
Processing can be used to
analyse any text to extract
topics, sentiment, meaning
and ultimately to gain
knowledge.

It is used to read the


sentiment in financial
markets, to analyse product
reviews, monitor social
media,...

http://www.moshebergman.com/study-notes/text-retrieval/week1.html
Understanding inputs: Natural language processing
Understanding inputs: Image recognition

A technology that identifies


and understands what can
be seen in images and
video. It assigns labels to
objects and situations.

Best known applications of


Image Analysis are facial
recognition, quality controls
and self-driving technology.
Understanding Inputs: Image recognition

https://cloud.google.com/vision/ https://clarifai.com
Managing knowledge: Ontologies and Linked Data

An ontology is a formal
naming and definition of the
types, properties, and
interrelationships of the
entities that really or
fundamentally exist for a
particular domain of
discourse.
Managing knowledge: Ontologies and Linked Data

Ontologies work very well but are domain-specific.

Professor Teaching Topic

Nicola teaches many different things, including user experience to

many different audiences, including students at


Univesity

Roma Tre University.


Managing knowledge: Ontologies and Linked Data
Managing knowledge: Ontologies and Linked Data

http://dbpedia.org/page/God_Save_the_Queen
Managing knowledge: Ontologies and Linked Data
Managing knowledge: Data Sets and Models
Machine Learning: Basics

Machine learning provides


computers with the ability
to learn without being
explicitly programmed

Today it is used to better


detect diseases,
recommend content,
improve products and
services and many other
applications.
Machine Learning: Types of learning
Machine Learning: Problem Types

Classification is a general process related to


categorization, the process in which ideas
and objects are recognized, differentiated,
and understood.

Regression analysis is a statistical process


for estimating the relationships among
variables.

Clustering is the task of grouping a set of


objects in such a way that objects in the
same group (called a cluster) are more
similar (in some sense or another) to each
other than to those in other groups (clusters)

Anomaly detection is the identification of


items, events or observations which do not
conform to an expected pattern or other
items in a dataset.
Machine Learning: Platforms

https://studio.azureml.net/ https://aws.amazon.com/it/machine-learning/
Machine Learning: Deep Learning

Deep Learning is part of the machine


learning field of learning
representations of data. Exceptional
effective at learning patterns.

It utilizes learning algorithms that


derive meaning out of data by using a
hierarchy of multiple layers that
mimic the neural networks of our
brain.

If you provide the system tons of


information, it begins to understand it
and respond in useful ways.
Machine Learning: Deep Learning

A deep neural network consists of a


hierarchy of layers, whereby each
layer transforms the input data into
more abstract representations (e.g.
edge -> nose -> face).

The output layer combines those


features to make predictions
Executing tasks: Filter spam
Executing tasks: Play games

DeepMind DP Q-Learning
outperform humans in over
30 Atari games just by
receiving the pixels on the
screen with the goal to
maximize the score
(Reinforcement Learning).
Executing tasks: Suggest things
Executing tasks: Labeling images

Neural Image Caption Generator


generates fitting natural-language
captions only based on the pixels by
combining a vision CNN
(convolutional neural Network) and a
language-generating RNN (recurrent
neural network ).
Executing tasks: Trasform movies in 3D

Deep3D can automatically convert


image/video from 2D-to-3D with
Convolutional Neural Networks. It
learns to infer 3D representations of
the world based on training set of 3D
movies.
Executing tasks: Drive a car
Executing tasks: Conversate
Building an AI product
Starting an AI project

Developers Data Platforms


Data Scientists

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