R1GID SOLUTIONS

Review School for Civil Engineering

Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

MASTERY EXAM 8 - FLUID MECHANICS

1. Determine the resultant force due to the water What is the velocity in the 20 mm diameter pipe?
acting on the 1.25 m by 2.0 m triangular area CD
shown in the figure above. The apex of the triangle is a. 0.413 m/s b. 0.329 m/s
at C. [ 43.5 x105N, 2.81 m from P ]
c. 0.383 m/s d. 0.484 m/s

What is the resultant force ? 5. What is the flow rate in cm3/s?

a. 23826 N/m2 b. 23829 N/m2 a. 130.7 cm3/s b. 129.6 cm3/s

c. 23876 N/m2 d. 23860 N/m2 c. 140.4 cm3/s d. 110.3 cm3/s
2. What is the distance of the resultant from P? 6. How deep can a diver descend in ocean water without
damaging his watch, which will withstand an absolute
a. 2.860 m b. 2.760 m pressure of 5.5 bar? Take the density of ocean water.
P=1025 kg/m3.
c. 2.829 m d. 2.930 m
a. 56.82 m b. 39.68 m
3. A jet of water strikes a stationary flat plate
“perpendicularly”, if the jet diameter is 7.5 cm and its c. 44.75 m d. 62.72 m
velocity upon impact is 30 m/s, determine the
magnitude and direction of the resultant force on the 7. Deduce an expression for the discharge of water over a
plate, neglect frictional effect and take water density right-angled sharp edged V-notch given the coefficient of
at 1000 kg.m3. discharge is 0.61. A rectangular tank 16 x 6m has the
same notch in one of its short vertical sides. Determine the
taken for the head, measure from the bottom of the notch,
a. 3890 N b. 3230 N to fall from 15 cm to 7.5 cm.
c. 3620 N d. 3970 N a. 1399 sec b. 1829 sec

c. 1299 sec d. 1649 sec

8. In a vertical pipe carrying water, pressure gauge

are inserted at points A and B where the pipe
diameter are 0.15 m and 0.075 m respectively. The
point B is 2.5 m below A and when the flow rate
down the pipe is 0.02 cumecs, the pressure at B is
14715 N/m2 greater than that at A. Assuming the
losses in the pipe between A and B can be
4. A 20 mm dam pipe forks, one branch being 10 mm expressed as k(v2/2g) where v is the velocity at A.
in diameter and the other 15 mm in diameter. If the
velocity in the 10mm pipe is 0.3 m/s and that in the Find the value of K
15 mm pipe is 0.6 m/s, calculate the rate of flow in
cm3/s and velocity in m/s in the 20 mm diameter pipe. a. 0.316 b. 0.328

c. 0328 d. 0.319

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 R1GID SOLUTIONS
Review School for Civil Engineering
Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

9. If the gauges at A and B are replaced by tubes a. 299 seconds b. 282 seconds
filled with water and connected to a U-tube
containing mercury of relative density 13.6 give a c. 321 seconds d. 429 seconds
sketch showing how the levels in the two limbs of the
U-tube differ and calculate the value of this difference 12. The time to empty the pool completely
in meters.
a. 652 seconds b. 662 seconds
a. 0.0742m b. 0.0963 m
c. 682 seconds d. 692 seconds
c. 0.0829 m d. 0.0794 m
13. What will be the gauge pressure at depth 12m
below the surface Pwater=1000 kg/m3, and
Patmosphere= 101 kN/m2.

a. 123.64 kN/m2 b. 182.98 kN/m2

c. 117.72 kN/m2 d. 143.69 kN/m2

14. The absolute pressure of water at depth 12m

below the surface?

a. 236.78 kN/m2 b. 218.72 kN/m2

c. 236.92 kN/m2 d. 297.62 kN/m2

10. A rectangular block of wood, floats with one face
horizontal in a fluid (RD =0.9). The wood’s density is 750 15. At what depth below the surface of oil, relative
kg/m3. Determine the percentage of the wood, which is not density 0.8, will produce a pressure of 120 kN/m2?
submerged.
a. 16.8 m b. 18.9 m

c. 12.6 m d. 15.3 m

16. What depth of water is this equivalent to?

a. 12.23 m b. 14.52 m

c. 13.62 m d. 16.78 m

17. What would the pressure in kN/m2 be if the

equivalent head is measured as 400 mm of
a. 23% b. 17%
(a) mercury y=13.6 kN/m3
c. 12% d. 20%
a. 53.4 kN/m3 b. 72.4 kN/m3
11. A rectangular swimming pool is 1m deep at one
and increases uniformly in depth to 2.6 m at the other c. 62.4 kN/m3 d. 49.4 kN/m3
end. The pool is 8m wide and 32m long and is
emptied through an orifice of area 0.224m2, at the 18. (b) water
lowest point in the side of the deep end. Taking Cd for
the orifice is 0.6, find, from first principles a. 3.92 kN/m3 b. 2.12 kN/m3
The time for the depth to fall by 1m.
c. 6.58 kN/m3 d. 1.56 kN/m3

19. (c) Oil specific weight

a. 3.72 kN/m3 b. 4.72 kN/m3

c. 4.12 kN/m3 d. 3.16 kN/m3

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 R1GID SOLUTIONS
Review School for Civil Engineering
Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

20. (d) Liquid density 24. Gate ABC in the figure has a fixed hinge at B and
is 2 m wide into the paper. If the water level is high
a. 2.04 kN/m3 b. 4.62 kN/m3 enough, the gate will open. Compute the depth h for
which this happens.
c. 6.72 kN/m3 d. 5.35 kN/m3

21. A vertical lock gate is 4 m wide and seperates

20°C water levels of 2 m and 3 m, respectively. Find
the moment about the bottom required to keep the
gate stationary.

On the side of the gate where the water measures 3

m F1 acts and has an hcg of 1.5 m; on the opposite
side F2 acts with an hcg of 1m.

a. 1.246 m b. 1.346 m

c. 1.123 m d. 1.425 m

25. The figure shows a circular plate of diameter 1.2

m placed vertically in water in such a way that the
center of the place is 2.5 m below the free surface of
water. Determine:
a. 112 kNm b. 149 kNm

c. 124 kNm d. 133 kNm

22. Panel ABC in the slanted side of a water tank

(shown at right) is an isosceles triangle with vertex at
A and base BC = 2 m. Find the water force on the
panel and its line of action

(a) Total pressure on the plate

a. 28.9 kN b. 27.7 kN

c. 27.1 kN d. 26.2 kN

26. (b) Position of center of pressure,

a. 142,000 N b. 123,000 N
a. 2.939 kN b. 2.536 kN
c. 131,000 N d. 112,000 N
c. 2.123 kN d. 2.789 kN
23. The center of pressure is at: ( from BC )
27. A horizontal boiler drum 6 m long and 3 m in
a. 1.75 m b. 1.00 m diameter is provided with an orifice 100 mm in
diameter at its bottom. It contains water upto a height
c. 1.50 m d. 1.25 m of 2.4 m. Calculate the time taken to empty the drum.
Take discharge co-efficient, Cd =0.6.

a. 30 mins, 13.6 sec b. 32 mins, 13.6 sec

c. 33 mins, 13.6 sec d. 29 mins, 13.6 sec

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 R1GID SOLUTIONS
Review School for Civil Engineering
Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

28. A rectangular channel 2.5 m wide carries water at 33. (b) The moment of this force about D.
a depth of 1.2 m. The led slope of the channel is
0.0036. Calculate the average shear stress of the
boundary.

a. 23.89 Pa b. 80.9 Pa

c. 21.58 Pa d. 9.82 Pa

29. On what slope should one construct a 3 m wide

rectangular channel ( n=0.014 ) so that critical flow
will occur at a normal depth of 1.2 m?

a. 3.96x10-3 b. 8.23x10-3

c. 4.56x10-3 d. 5.71x10-3 a. 0.121 Nm b. 0.103 Nm

30. The cylindrical tank in the figure has a 35-cm- c. 0.201 Nm d. 0.099 Nm
high cylindrical insert in the bottom. The pressure at
point B is 156 kPa. Neglect air pressure outside the 34. The fuel gage for gasoline (sp.gr. = 0.68) tank in
tank a car reads proportional to the bottom gage. If the
tank is 30 cm deep and accidentally contaminated
with 2 cm of water, how many centimeters of
gasoline does the tank actually contain when the
gage erroneously reads “FULL”

a. 27.06 cm b. 28.08 cm

c. 25.72 cm d. 29.03 cm

35. A ship having a displacement of 24,000 tons and

a draft of 34 feet in ocean enters a harbor of fresh
water. If the horizontal section of the ship at the
waterline is 32,000 sq.ft what depth of freshwater is
required to float the ship? Assume that marine ton is
2,240 lb and that sea water and fresh water weight
64 pcf and 62.2 pcf respectively.

Find (a) the pressure in the air space a. 38.62 ft b. 32.98 ft

c. 37.93 ft d. 34.76 ft
a. 150000 Pa b. 160000 Pa
36 A hallow cylinder 1 m in diameter and 2 m high
c. 120000 Pa d. 170000 Pa weighs 3825 N.

31. (b) the force on the top of the insert (a) How many kN of lead weighing 110 kN/m3 must
be fastened to the outside bottom of the cylinder to
a. 1100 N b. 900 N make it float with 1.5 m submerged in water?

c. 1000 N d. 1200 N a. 7.49 kN b. 8.49 kN

32. Panel BCD is semicircular and line BC is 8 cm c. 8.12 kN d. 7.12 kN

below the surface.

Determine (a) the hydrostatic force on the panel

a. 4.23 N b. 3.57 N

c. 3.62 N d. 5.29 N
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 R1GID SOLUTIONS
Review School for Civil Engineering
Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

37. (b) How many kN of lead if it is placed inside the 44. Laminar flow of a Newtonian Fluid ceases to
cylinder. existm when the Reynold number exceeds

a. 7.735 kN b. 7.921 kN a. 1500 b. 2100

c. 7.426 kN d. 7.131 kN c. 4000 d. 3000

38. A stone cube 280 mm on each side and weighing 45. What is the normal range of exit cone angle of a
425 N is lowered into a tank containing a layer of venturimeter?
water 1.50 m thick over a layer of mercury.
Determine the position of the block when it has a. 2 to 5 b. 7 to 15
reached equilibrium.
c. 15 to 25 d. >25
a. 19.82 mm b. 26.23 mm
46. The ratio of the depth of flow to the hydraulic
c. 28.21 mm d. 21.6 mm radius for the most economical trapezoidal section, in
open channel flow is
39. A closed horizontal cylindrical tank 1.5 m in
diameter and 4 m long is completely filled with a. 2 b. 0.5
gasoline (sp.gr. = 0.82) and accelerated horizontally
at 3 m/s2. c. 1 d. 1.2

Find the total force acting at the rear wall. 47. All pipes of a particular nominal size have the
same
a. 26.39 kN b. 26.78 kN
a. outside diameter b. thickness
c. 28.92 kN d. 28.05 kN
c. inside diameter d. none of these
40. Find the total force acting at the front wall
48. What causes cavitation in centrifugal pump?
a. 10.66 kN b. 12.66 kN
a. High suction pressure
c. 13.66 kN d. 11.66 kN b. Low barometric pressure
c. Low suction pressure
41. Find also the accelerating force on the fluid mass. d. High suction velocity

a. 17.4 kN b. 18.1 kN 49. Co-efficient of velocity is ___________ the

coefficient of discharge.
c. 17.9 kN d. 18.9 kN
a. equal to b. less than
42. A high Reynolds number
c. more than d. not related to
a. Inertial forces control and viscous forces are
unimportant. 50. Which of the following is not concerned with the
b. Viscous forces predominate. fluid-particle interaction?
c. Inertial forces are unimportant and viscous forces
control. a. Drag co-efficient
d. none of these. b. Weber number
c. Froude number
43. The terminal velocity of a particle moving through d. Galileo number
a fluid varies as dpn. What is the value of n’ for
Newton’s law regime?

a. 1 b. 1.5

c. 2 d. 0.5

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