A pack of lies The post truth age * Vocabulary Sa * Listening Guilty secrets * Everyday English Being polite 9 Linking ideas Boe uA ORT meow ie lst TRON rerarenea ol eae miter ites Daa e tem OMe marae cents Vite ecc Corman N SCT 1 Who was the horse in the picture a gift from? Who to? Why was the giving Of tis gift’a pack of ies? 2 Read the quote. Do you sometimes prefer people not to tell you the pure truth’? When, and why? Watch the video introduction Ea ns eT eat ey Eek Ne ae gay sdenter Language focus Questions and negatives TEST YOUR GRAMMAR ‘1 What is the missing word in each question? 1 What of music do you like?" 2. ‘How do you wash your hair?’ ‘Every day? 3 ‘Who do you look?” My mother? 4 ‘Do you know what the time?” ‘Just after three? 5 ‘What were you talking to Carol?"‘Oh, this and that? 2 Make the sentences negative. Sometimes there is more than one way. 1 Lagree with you. 4 knew everyone at the party. 2 Ithink you're right. 5 Tve already done my homework. 3 Itoldherto gohome, 6 My sister likes jazz, too. White lies 1 What are white lies? Why do people tell them? Can you give examples? 2 All the people in photos A-F are lying, Who to? Why? Do you think they are all white lies? Would you ever tell any of them? 3 Listen to what the people are thinking. What is the truth? Why did they le? A= He was watching an exciting football match with his mates. 4 Which question was each person asked before they lied? 1 What's wrong? Dor't you like it? (I hope she isnit going to, complain.) 2 Why haven't I received the report? Who have you sent it to? 3. Have you heard who Suzi is going out with? I don't think you'll like it How come you're not at work today? You were fine yesterday. ‘Who gave you those? Why wor't you tell me? 6 Why didnt you call or text? I had no idea where you were Taare) 1 Find examples ofthese questions 4, 1 questions ith aullary verbs 2 a subject question (with no auxilliary) 3 another ay of asking’ Why?” 4 negative questions 5 a question witha preposton atthe end 6 indirect questions 2 Make these direct questions indirect. What's the answer? I've no idea what ... Where does he work? Doyouknow where .? 3 Find examples of these negatives in 4. en ere The flowers? Oh, theyre justrom my ED boss, to thank mefor working ate 40. Unit 4 + ApackofliesOh! That's weird! | defi to you yesterday. Il sen Look Emily, don't care who Suzi’ seeing, ''m totally over her. enter Practice Questions 1 Put the words in the correct order to make A’s questions. 1A light / this / on / all/ who / night / left /has /? B Oh, sorry, it was me. I thought Id switched it off 2 A often /battery / need / to / will /how / change / the / we /? B About every six months. 3A. you/ who / from / this / have / text /is / idea / any /? B Itsays ‘Dx, It must be Deirdra, Or it could be Diana 4A what /do/ the / know / is / time / you / match / on /? B I thinkit starts at 730. 5 A before/ film / seen/ havent / we / this /? B [think you may be right. I remember how it ends. 6 A has/ you /hair/ Keri / with / have / done / what / her / seen /? B_Yes! I think it looks quite nice! Listen and check. Negative questions 2 GHEY Read and listen to two conversations. Which expresses surprise? Which is checking information? 1A Don't you tke pizza? 2. A Don'tyou ive near the park? B_ No. Not everybody likes it, B_Yes,1do. 1go running there you know! most days. Listen again and repeat. Notice the stress and intonation. 3 Work in pairs. Use negative questions to ask and answer about these things. Surprised! | like /ice cream have got /smartphone can/ swim watch / match last night Just checking | is /birthday next week work /Berlin once play /piano have got / twins Listen and compare. What are the answers? Talking about you 4 Write two sentences about yourself using negative forms. One is frue, the other is fase! Read them aloud to the class. Can they guess which is which? RE) Nise ee secon Unita» Apackotes yHypocritical Hugo 1 Make a negative sentence about these people. Check in a dictionary if necessary. vegetarian vegan insomniac teetotaller xenophobe atheist anti-royalist technophobe environmentalist hy pacifist ppocrite ‘Avvegetarian doesn't eat meat. A vegan won't... 2 Listen to a man called Hugo. Which of the things in 1 does he say he is? What impression do you get of him? 3 Look at the picture of Hugo, Why do the things a-iin the picture show what ahypocrite he is? Breese (DEED. How come? can be used in informal English instead of Why? Listen to the questions. Which ones express surprise and puzzlement? || Whyis he eating bacon if he's a vegan? 2 How come he’ eating bacon? He's a vegan! 3 Why has he got a Royal Wedding mug if he's an anti-royalist? 4 How come he's got a Royal Wedding mug? He's an ant-royaist! 4 Make questions about Hugo, using How come... ? If hea vegetarian, how come he's eating bacon? 1 Hesa vegetarian 6 He never watches TY. 2 Hes vegan. 7 He hates social media 3 Hes a teetotaller 8 Hesan atheist. 4 He doesn't own a car. 9. He’sa pacifist. 5 Hesa technophobe. 10. Hes an anti-royalis. DEB Listen and compare. Roleplay 5 Work in pairs. One of you is Hugo. Confront him with the ‘questions from 4, Hugo has to justify his behaviour, Oh, er, my brother left it howcomeyourecaing | Ohm pater eee 42. Unit 4 + Apackoflies enter Asking for more information 6 We can respond to astatement with a short question, using Wh... ?+ preposition. ‘Hugo gone out fora meal, [Wrowint 7 Thad a nice chat with Beth today. Whatabout? 7 Write short questions with a preposition in reply to these statements. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Can Ihave a word with you, please? Could you give me a lift? 1 got a lovely email today. T bought a brilliant birthday card yesterday. need £5,000 urgently. Tim really worried. Were going on holiday next week. I spoke a lot of English yesterday. Listen and check. Practise with a partner. (2 Go online for more grammar practiReading and speaking The post-truth age 1 Answer the questions. 1 How do you get your news stories? How do you know they are accurate and reliable? 2 What is fake news? Can you think of any recent examples? 3 What do people mean when they say that we're living in a post-truth age? 2 Work with a partner. Usea dictionary to check the words in the box, and write them under the heading they are connected with, Truth or Untruth. evidencein} fiction tm} bias (n) fabrication(n) _realladj) bogus (adj) accurate (adj) fake (adj) doubtful ad) fact (n) fantasist(n) credible (adj) exaggeration (n) prejudice (n) reliable (adi) conspiracy theory (n) Truth Untruth evidence fiction 3 Read the introduction and the first paragraph of the text. Who is Jeff Broadbent? What keeps him awake at night? 4 Read the full text and answer the questions. Discuss your answers with your partner. 1 What’ the problem with amateur journalism on the Internet? 2. Why weren't old-fashioned conspiracy theories as biga problem as modern fake news? 3. Why do we know that we can't completely trust mainstream news outlets? 4. Why was fake news such a problem during the 2016 US election campaign? 5 How can political leaders take advantage of fake news? 6 Whyare some people happy to believe that the facts they hear are unreliable? 7 How can people make money from writing fake news stories? 8 Why is the increase in fake news a danger to democracy? 44° Unit4 + Apackoflies Pees Recenter (or at least we think he facts and making sure | have evidence for the stories I'm writing. So it’s not surprising that the idea of being ina post-truth age keeps me awake at night. I's a terrifying, thought, that many people no longer care whether a news story is actually true, and are simply content to read something. that feels true, The good old days? Now, 'm not pretending that everything in the media was 100% reliable in the past. We sometimes got things very wrong, and separating fact from fiction became more challenging as soon as the internet provided every amateur journalist with an audience. So what's different now? ‘Well, in the past, we usually knew which articles had left reality. behind ~ conspiracy theories teling us that men didn't really land on the moon, or that the British Royal Family ordered the murder of Princess Diana, Ths stuff was on fringe websites that looked lke they were written by fantasists, and was read bya small minority. Most of us went to mainstream news Cutlets to find out what was really happening in the world, and although we know that newspapers and news stations have their own poitcal bia, we felt safe in assuring thatthe basic facts were accurate. A an investigative journalist, | spend my days checkingD>. ERSTE Ey “och ess Monster Caught on video Spreading lies The big difference nowadays i that mast people dont goto news outlets for ther news stories ~ the stories come to them, via social media sites such as Facebook. Articles appear in people's newsfeed, or are shared and forwarded by friends. and this is why millions now read stores that may appear to be from credible news sources, but are infact not merely biased, but total fabrication, ‘And it matters. One ofthe ist instances where fake news may have influenced an election was in the US in 2016, There have always been exaggerations and Untruths during election campaigns, but tis one there was an organized strategy of targeting key voters with fake news stories via Social media. An analysis Facebook shares/comments/reactons of how millions of Facebook users engaged foe ton 20 US alacsion Storie with these fake stores showed thatin the last three months ofthe campaign they got more shares, kes, and comments than all the real stories from traditional news outets, Andis itjust coincidence that mast ofthe fake stores were in favour of the eventual winner, Donald Trump? Choosing what to believe President Trump was also one of the first Politicians to take edvantage ofthe fake news phenomenon. When reporters confronted him with negative news stories, his answer was simple: Fake news... next question’. ther world leaders have done the same, and their supporters are quick to believe them. Many people are happy to view all facts as doubtful itr makes it easy for them to choose wht to believe and stick to their prejudices Bogus is business Now there are whole fake news sites out there, Producing bogus stories that people share unthinkigly t's big business, because the most sensational stories get thousands of clicks, and advertisers will pay huge sums to make use of ths traffic. and so we end up with avery worrying question in a democracy -how do we know who or what to vote fr if we can'tbe sure What's true? But then I'l leave you with an even bigger question: how many of us really want to know the truth iit challenges our deeply-held bets and ifestyles? enter What do you think? *+ People write fake news stories for different reasons, What are they? + Doyou agree that fakenewsisa serious problem? Why/Why not? * Doyou ever send your friends links to news articles? Why/Why not? + What can be done to stop fake news being a problem? Spot the fake! 1 Turn to page 46 and read just the headlines of some stories that were widely circulated on social media, Discuss as a class which ones you think are true. Work in two groups. Group A: Read stories 1-3, Group B: Read stories 4-6, Discuss again in your group whether you think each story is real or fake. Check on page 166, Find a partner from the other group. Tell each other which stories are real and fake, and give more details. ‘Writing p13 Linking ideas — Conjunctions (© watcha video and learn more about increasing our awareness that things we believe may not be true. Unit 4 + A packoflies 45,Spot the fake! Group @ enter HW irma- first Category 6 Hurricane on record! A Facebook ive video of passengers trapped in anoverturned bus on Saint “Martin has shown the havoe Hurricane Irma is causing in the Caribbean. Many news reports predicted Irma could become the fist Category 6 storm con record, and a Tweet from website journalist Alex Jones has confirmed this. Another Tweet included a photo of thefloodingin Texas, showinga shark swimmingalong a flooded highway! Man with piercings dies going through airport metal detectors Gerard M. Rogers who was the Guinness Book of Records’ most pierced person’ as kiled as he attempted to go trough 8 new high-strength metal detector in Los Angeles’ LAX aipor. Ux spokestan Jey Goldsmith sal "We'd wamed him not to go trough, but he said het been trough one ofthese Before with no problem, Maybe he wos yng”. When Mr Rogers waked hyough the detector he suffered muttine fatal wounds as ripped out his piercings. Airports will now be screening which ‘eope can use the new machines. Passenger’s peacock not allowed on flight ‘A passenger on a United Airlines flight from Newark Airport in New Jersey was told she wouldn't be allowed on the plane with her peacock. The woman had tried several times to get the bird on board, and even offered to buy a separate ticket for it- she claimed it was her ‘emotional support peacock, and ‘wouldn’tbe able to fly without it. A United spokesman said passengers needed to provide a doctor's etter before bringing an emotional support animal onto a fight Group @ a Man fined after implanting travel card chip under skin ‘An Australian man says the law needs to catch up with technology, after being, fined A220 for failing to produce his travel card ona train in Sydney. 34-year- ‘old Mr Meow-Meow (fll name Meow: Ludo Disco Gamma Meow-Meow), had had the chip from his travel card inserted into his hand by a piercing expert, so he could pass his hand. lover the card scanner. He had. dlone this before boarding the trai, But was convicted of traveling, without a valid ticket, Flash flood destroys Kentucky Noah’s Ark Exhibit ‘Anew Noah's Ark Christian theme rk set to open in Kentucky has been destroyed by a flash flood. 1¥ inches (40 mm) of rain fell on the area in just ‘one hour yesterday. The founder ofthe recent built visitor attraction, Ken Ham, is set to lose hundreds of thousands of dollars. Athough the parks insured, insurance companies are not obliged to pay out fr flash floods because they are something for which no person can be held responsible, and are therefore legally known as an ‘Act of God’ Winner of French Scrabble Championship speaks no French [Nigel Richards from New Zealand has ‘won the French-language Scrabble tournament in Belgium, despite not speaking any French, Inthe nine weeks before the championship, Mr Richards memorized the French Serabble Dictionary. He has no idea what the ‘words mean, but this didn’t stop him ‘winning the final mateh easily, against a French speaker from Gabon. The mainly French-speaking audience stood and Semis jis Ec EAL IE 46 Unit 4 » ApackofliesVocabulary Saying the opposite 1 Which negative prefix goes with these words to form antonyms? reliable credible probable honest legal _ responsible 2 Match the different words and their meanings. enter 4 Complete the conversations with the correct form of words from 1, 2and 3. A Banya very B Yeah, but hes a complete. never sees his kids. businessman, isn't he? asa father. He ‘A Myarandads so ‘every time I see him. B Lucky you! My grandad's famous for his A fiver every birthday, if he remembers ‘A. Well, Henry, m pleased there's been some in your behaviour this term, but He gives me a £20note a B 1 abused | noteverused 2 disused —_| used too much 3 unused | used inthe wrong way 4 misused | not used enough 5 overused | used cruelly or badly 6 underused | not used any more Unfortunately your work has. B. Itsnot fair, si. You never say anything about my work. A The word'literaly’is so. People dropit into every sentence! B. Yeah, and they don't just use it too much ~ they it, with a totally wrong meaning! these days! 3 What parts of speech are these words? Write antonyms for them, using prefixes where possible Word ‘Antonym fake adj | genuine, real, authentic like vb dislike, hate, loathe, can't stand tiny. happiness guilty safe allow improve sincere mature encourage generous appear ‘A. Don't worry, confident the jury will find you not B Theyd beter! fm completely ' Listen and compar 5 What’ the opposite of ...2 1 atough question / some tough meat aclear sky /a clear conscience fair hair / a fair decision ahard mattress / a hard exam alive animal / live concert 6 alight colour /a light sleeper 2 3 4 5 6 Whats the effect of using antonyms in these conversations? ‘A What lousy weather! B Yes its not exactly tropical, isi? ‘A Oh this food's awful, isnt it? B Well it's not the most delicious meal 've hhad, that’ for sure. ‘Write similar conversations with a partner about these topics, and act them out. + small hotel room + astingy fiend + aboring party + ahard exam + some stale bread * atough steak Listen and compare. [EF Go online for more vocabulary practice Unit 4 + Apack flies Aen