Dynamics of Machinery 1

Introduction to Dynamics of Machinery

Prof. Suraj Kumar Behera,

Department of Mechanical Engineering
NIT Rourkela
Mail id : [email protected]
Mob : 9040893760
 Mechanics
Mechanics is that area of science concerned with the
behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or
displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on
their environment.

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 Engineering Mechanics

Engineering Mechanics

Rigid Body Deformable Body Fluid

Mechanics Mechanics Mechanics

Mechanics of Solids
Statics

Dynamics

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 What is Dynamics of Machinery?
Dynamics of Machinery (aka Machine Dynamics) refer to the
study of a system's motion based on the forces acting on the
system.

Machine dynamics apply knowledge of engineering mechanics,

especially dynamics, to the problems of real machines. The effect
of inertia and the occurrence of vibrations play a major role here.

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What is Dynamics of Machinery?

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 Why Dynamics of Machinery for Mechanical Engineers?

• Helps the engineer to predict various

forces on a mechanical member.

• Helps to predict amount of vibration

under various loading conditions Helps in
designing
machine
• Finally helps in designing machine elements
elements/members to prevent failure
under specific load and vibration

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 Time to Think

What's the difference between an Machine and Engine?

VS

Engine: it’s a machine Machine: Combination of

which converts one form of components, which converts
energy to Mechanical energy available form of energy into
useful work.

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 How a Machine Design is born?
Design/Creation

Requirement Analysis
Model
(Rough idea)

marketability Availability of
FUNDS Available Strength of
Material Machine Motion analysis
and machines components
Market
survey Economical
Safety,
Recyclability Ease of Size and Force analysis
handling Material
Aesthetic
 Modules
Turning moment diagram and flywheel:

Dynamics
of
Machinery

Vibration
Governor

Gyroscope 9
 Modules
Force analysis: Static forces in 4-bar mechanism, slider-crank mechanism, quick-return
mechanism, reciprocating engine mechanism with sliding friction. Plane motion of rigid
body, inertia forces of a reciprocating engine mechanism, four-bar mechanism, shaking
forces and moments, Dynamics of reciprocating engine mechanism (analytical method) and
its bearing loads. ( 08 Classes)
Turning moment diagram and flywheel: Fluctuation of crank shaft speed, flywheel in IC
engine, punching press, Analytical expression for turning moment.( 05 Classes)
Balancing: Unbalance in one and several planes, static and dynamic unbalance, balancing
machines, field balancing, balancing a single-cylinder and multi-cylinder engines, analytical
technique for balancing of multicylinder reciprocating engines, balancing of linkages and
machines, V and radial engines, graphical and analytical methods, method of direct and
reverse cranks, dynamic balancing machines.( 06 Classes)

Mid Semester
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 Modules
Vibration Analysis: Natural frequency, equivalent system, energy method, Free
vibration response, damping, single degree of freedom system with viscous damping,
Logarithmic decrement, forced vibration, Base excitation, Vibration isolation, bending
critical speeds of simple and multi-mass shafts, torsional system. (08 classes)

Gyroscope: Gyroscopic couple - Plane disc, Two bladed air screw, Analysis of the
forces on bearings due to the forced precession of rotating disc mounted on shafts,
Gyroscopic effects on a two wheel and a four wheel vehicle, Gyroscopic stabilization
.(05 Classes)

Cam dynamics: Cam profile construction, tangent cam, Analysis of eccentric cam,
Analysis of disc cam with roller follower.(03 Classes)

Governors : Types of governors, performance parameters, Governor effort and

power, controlling force, friction and insensitiveness, centrifugal effect of revolving
arms.( 05 Classes)

End Semester
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Books

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 Course Objectives

I. CO1: Knowledge will be gained on the subject matter.

II. CO2: Able to apply the theory to practical problems.
III. CO3: Knowledge will be enhanced to implement the
concept for product development

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 DOM in GATE

Year Total Marks Year Total Marks Year Total Marks

1989 5 2003 15 2014 8,8,10,8
1992 2 2004 18 2015 5,6,9
1993 4 2005 14 2016 8,5,9
1994 1 2006 21 2017 7,10
1995 5 2007 13 2018 9,8
1996 14 2008 7 2019 9,11
1997 6 2009 10 2020 8,8
1998 3 2010 11 2021 7,10
1999 10 2011 7
2000 3 2012 4
2001 9 2013 7

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 Assessment Methodology
• 06 Assignments+ 02 MCQ+ Class Performance : 20 %
• Mid Semester Evaluation : 30%
• End Semester Evaluation : 50%

• Any form of copying or helping in any Assignments from

other students will ZERO marks in ALL Assignments.

• Similarly, Even a single question found copying from other

students , Both students will be awarded ZERO Marks in
the semester.

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 Assignment Submission

• Late by 1 week: 50% Reduction in Marks

• Late by more than 1 week : 100% reduction in Marks

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 What is Static Mechanics
Statics is the branch of mechanics that is concerned
with the analysis of loads acting on physical systems
that do not experience an acceleration (a=0), but rather,
are in static equilibrium with their environment.

Free-body diagrams
are diagrams used to
show the relative
magnitude and direction of
all forces acting upon an
object in a given situation

P P

What is P to keep the

M= 9.81 Kg string straight 17
Free Body Diagrams

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What is Reactive Forces

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 What is Inertia Forces

50 N 100 Kg
Inertia Force= ?

g= 10 m/s2

m= 0.2

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 What is Dynamics
Dynamics is the study of forces and
their effects on motion.

What is D'Alembert's Principle ?

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 Should be known to each Student

i. What is Free Body Diagram

ii. Should Understand the term such as displacement, velocity
and acceleration
iii. How to convert a dynamic problem into static problem
iv. What is Moment of Inertia
v. Fundamental concepts of Newtonian Mechanics
vi. Concepts of Units
vii. What is Degree of Freedom
viii. Simple Harmonic Motions
ix. What is Hooke’s law ?

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Software's for Dynamic Analysis

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 Next Class

Force analysis:
• Static Equilibrium.
• Static forces in 4-bar mechanism.

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Thank You

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