PROFED13: REVIEW SEMINAR 2 FACILITATING

LEARNER- CENTERED TEACHING PART 1

1. Which statement/s on motivation is /are

true?
I. Motivation is not necessarily something that
learners bring to school.
II. Motivation can arise from environmental
conditions at school.
III. Teacher motivate students to learn and Rationalization: Metacognitive knowledge
behave in ways that promote their long-term refers to acquired knowledge about cognitive
success and productivity. processes, knowledge that can be used to
A.II only control cognitive processes. Flavell further
B. I and II divides metacognitive knowledge into three
C.III only categories: knowledge of person variables, task
D.I ,II ,and III variables and strategy variables.

ANSWER: D 4. Metacognitive processes favourably

Rationalization: Motivation is the desire to act influence learning. Which does Not belong to
in service of a goal. It's the crucial element in metacognitive process?
setting and attaining our objectives. A.Self – reflection
B.Self -responsibility and initiative
2. Which are effects of motivation on learners? C.Goal setting
I. Directs their behavior toward particular goals D.Remembering
II.Increased their persistence in activities
III.Leads to learner’s increased effort and energy ANSWER: D
A.I and II Rationalization: Meta cognitive learning is
B.I and III knowing what to learn and knowing how to
C.II and III learn.
D. I,II and III
5.Research says that students’ motivation is
ANSWER: D likely to vary as a function of age, culture,
Rationalization: All of the above gender, and socio-economic background. What
variables does this imply?
A.There is no single best method in motivating
3. Which metacognitive process enhance learners
learning? B.Preschoolers are easier to motivate than high
I. Monitoring progress as one learns school students.
II. Adjusting strategies if they are perceived in C.Boys are more difficult to motivate than girls.
ineffective D.Children from deprived homes are less
III.Goal setting motivated than children from affluent homes.
A.I only
B.III only ANSWER: A
C.II only Rationalization: There is no single best method
D.I, II and III In motivating learners

ANSWER: D
6. Research says that students develop greater
efficacy for a learning task where they see 9. In the formal operation stage, which is/are
others like themselves performing the task adolescents capable of doing to solve a
successfully. This means the students must be problem?
exposed to models________________. I. Formulate hypotheses
I. Of their age II.Systematically test hypotheses
II. Who come from similar cultural background III.Reason out
III.With similar socio-economic background A.I, II, and III
A.I and II B.I, and II
B.II and III C.II, only
C.I only D.III only
D.I, II, and III
ANSWER: A
ANSWER: D
Rationalization: All of the variables

7. Which elements must be present for goal

setting to be an effective motivational tool?
I. Goal acceptance
II. Specificity
III.Challenge
IV.Performance monitoring
V.Performance feedback
A.I, II and III
B.I, III, IV and V RATIONALIZATION: The formal operational
C.III, IV, and V stage is characterized by the ability to formulate
D.I, II, III, and V hypotheses and systematically test them to
arrive at an answer to a problem. The individual
ANSWER:D in the formal stage is also able to think
RATIONALIZATION: All of the variables abstractly and to understand the form or
structure of a problem.
8. Without being told by his group mates, a
student went the laboratory stock room to get 10.Which refers to the act of a learner who
materials needed for group experiment. What reflects on his / her own thinking?
kind of motivation does the student manifest? A.Metacognition
A.Extrinsic B.Scaffolding
B.External C.Hemispheric function
C.Intrinsic D.Perception
D.Positive
ANSWER: A
ANSWER: C RATIONALIZATION: Metacognition refers to the
RATIONALIZATION: Intrinsic motivation is knowledge and regulation of one's own
defined as the doing of an activity for its cognitive processes, which has been regarded
inherent satisfaction rather than for some as a critical component of creative thinking.
separable consequence. When intrinsically You sent Teacher who promote psychosocial
motivated, a person is moved to act for the fun development in the classroom create an
or challenge entailed rather than because of environment where each child feels appreciated
external products, pressures, or rewards.
and is comfortable with learning new things and 14. Which can help minimize memory deficit in
building relationships with peers without fear. learning?
How does the teacher create this environment? I. Using cues
I. Incorporates life skills in lessons to increase II.Establishing learning conditions that reduce
confidence and self – sufficiency interference
II. Gives continuous feedback on work that has III.Using advance organizers
been completed to eliminate uncertainty A.I only
III. Provides considerable free experiments to B.II only
encourage development of independence C.I and II
IV. Provides physical and academic activities D.I, II, and III
that develop diligence and self- confidence
A. I, II, and IV ANSWER: D
B. I, II, III RATIONALIZATION: All given factors are
C. I, II helpful for memory enhancement
D. IV only
15. Which characterize successful learners?
ANSWER: A I. Active
RATIONALIZATION: Roman numeral 3 is not II.Goal – directed
included since the item does not pertains to III.Self – regulating
socialization. IV.Assume personal responsibility for
contributing to their own learning.
12. Which of the following does Not belong to A.I and II
cognitive factors affecting learning? B.III and IV
A.Intelligence C.II, III, and IV
B.Memory D.I, II, III and IV
C.Health
D.Reason ANSWER: D
RATIONALIZATION: All of the above
ANSWER:C
RATIONALIZATION: Health is not a part of 16. Which is /are the effect/s of motivation on
cognitive factor that affects learning students’ learning and behavior?
I. Directs behavior toward particular goals.
13. Noncognitive processes related to learning II. Leads to increased effort and energy.
and aging include the following EXCEPT what? III.Increases initiation of and persistence in
I. Motivation activities
II.Health A.I, II
III.Loss of speed B.I only
IV.Intelligence C.II and III
A.I only D.I, II and III
B.IV
C.I and II ANSWER: D
D.III RATIONALIZATION: Motivation directs behavior
towards particular goals. individuals set goal for
ANSWER: B themselves and direct their behaviour
RATIONALIZATION: because intelligence is a accordingly.
cognitive factor.
17. What are the most likely the behaviors of
intrinsically motivated learners?
 I. Are engaged in classroom activities 20. Which are proofs that students are engaged
II. Tackle assigned task willingly and are eager to in a metacognitive process?
learn classroom material I. Reflect on how they think and learn
III.More likely to achieve at high levels II. Set reasonable learning or performance goal
A.I, II and III III.Select potentially appropriate learning
B.I and II strategies or methods, and monitor their
C.II and III progress toward these goals
D.I and III A.I and II
B.I and III
ANSWER: A C.II and III
RATIONALIZATION: All of the ABOVE D.I, II and III

18. To construct useful representations of ANSWER: D

knowledge and to acquire the thinking and the RATIONALIZATION: All of the above
learning strategies necessary for continued
learning success across the life span, students 21. Cultural or group influences on students can
must generate and pursue personally relevant impact on learner’s motivation orientation
goals. This implies the teachers must________. toward learning, and ways of thinking. Which
A.Show the relevance of lessons to students’ proves this?
goals. A.The authoritarianism in Filipino homes
B.Share their personal goal with students. contributes to docile children.
C.Group students according to type of goals. B.Learners with above average IQ are more
D.Segregate students without goals in order not motivated than those with below average IQ.
to influence other. C.Children who are products of interracial
marriage are better motivated for learning.
RATIONALIZATION: The answer is A. Goals D.Children with weak biological make up are
should manifest from students themselves unmotivated for learning.

19. Successful learners use strategic thinking in ANSWER: A

their approach to learning, reasoning, problem RATIONALIZATION: The authoritarianism in Filip
solving, and concept learning. They understand
and can use a variety of strategies to help them 22. A student once said: “I don’t like to recite
reach learning and performance goals and because my barkada who is not academically
apply their knowledge in novel situations. They performing sarcastically laughs at me”. What
also continue to expand their repertoire of does this point to?
strategies by reflecting on the methods they use A.Group influence can impact on a student’s
to see which work well for them. Which process orientation toward learning.
of successful learners are described above? B.Cognitive factors influence a student’s
A.Cognitive attitude toward class participation.
B. Imaginative C.The impact of group influence on a student’s
C.Metacognitive thinking is the student’s choice.
D.Creative D.A student has the tendency to put blame on a
factoroutside himself for non-performance.
ANSWER: C
RATIONALIZATION: It’s a precise definition of ANSWER: A
metacognition RATIONALIZATION: The social environment
influences learning by creating a language
environment and an experience environment
which stimulate the mind to grow, and by D.I, II, and III
systematically rewarding a child for learning.
ANSWER: D
23. Which is / are usual behaviors of RATIONALIZATION: All of the above
extrinsically motivated learner?
I. Have to be enticed or prodded 26. Quality personal relationships that provide
II. May process information only superficially stability, trust, and caring can increase
III.Often interested in performing only easy learner’_____________.
tasks I. Sense of belonging
IV.Meet only minimal classroom requirements II.Self-respect
A.I and II III.Self-acceptance
B.II and III A.I, II, and III
C.II, III, and IV B.II and III
D.I, II, III, and IV C.I and II
D.I and III
Answer is D
RATIONALIZATION: All of the above ANSWER: A
RATIONALIZATION: All of the above
24. Which characteristic of successful learner?
I. Independent 27. Which qualities of personal relationships
II.Goal-directed create positive climate?
III.Self-regulating I. Stability
IV.Assume personal responsibility for II. Trust
contributing to their own learning III.Caring
IV.Clandestine
A.I, II, III and IV A.I, II and IV
B.III and IV B.III and IV
C.I and II C.II, III and IV
D.I, II and IV D.I, II and III

ANSWER: A ANSWER: D
RATIONALIZATION: All of the above Rationalization: Clandestine- characterized by
secrecy or concealment; no openness,
25. Which statement/s are TRUE of social therefore unfavorable.
influences of learning?
I. Learning can be enhanced when the learner 28. Bing, a preschooler, insists on getting
has an opportunity to interact and collaborates noodles for himself from the serving dish each
with others on instructional tasks. time his family attends a gathering, even though
II. Learning settings that allow for social he usually drops pasta on the floor. When his
interactions and that respect diversity, mother tries to assist him, he brushes his
encourage flexible thinking and social mother off and insists on doing it himself. In the
competence context of Erikson’s psychosocial development
III. In interactive and collaborative instructional theory, what stage of psychosocial development
contexts, individuals have an opportunity for best describes Bing’s behavior?
perspective taking and reflective thinking. A.Trust vs. Mistrust
A.I only B.Initiative vs. Guilt
B. I and II C.Industry vs. Inferiority
C. II only D.Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
 B.Incorporate teaching strategies that aid
ANSWER:D cognitive development.
C.Use teaching strategies that promote social
interaction in the classroom.
D.Provide activities that can enhance students’
ability to talk and share ideas.

ANSWER: C

RATIONALIZATION: Preschooler tend to have

the” can do” attitude.

29. Which principles is / are in accordance with

Tolman’s theory of sign learning?
I. Learning is always purposive and goal - RATIONALIZATION : Vygotsky who
directed. was a social constructivist
II.Learners select the shortest or easiest path to believed that people learn by
achieved a goal. social interaction and learning from other.
III.Learning is required through meaningful
behavior 31. In Bruner’s three- tiered learning, which is
A.I, II, and III action-based?
B.I and II A.Enactive learning
C.II only B.Iconic learning
D.III only C.Inactive learning
D.Symbolic learning
ANSWER: A
RATIONALIZATION: The Sign Learning Theory ANSWER: A
was originally developed by Tolman, a
proponent of "purposive behaviorism"[1].
Based on this theory, an individual learns by
following signs that lead to specific goals.
According to Tolman, learning is always
purposeful and centered around a primary goal.

30. Lutz and Huitt (2004) said that one of the

most important skills a student should have in
the 21st century is the ability to get along with a
wide variety of people. What should a teacher
do to address this in a classroom setting? RATIONALIZATION: Enactive representation
A.Provide students hands -on and minds-on a is action based iconic representation image-
You sent activities. based, symbol representation-image- based.
32. Based on Kohlberg’s theory, what is the C.The teacher must connect his/ her lesson to
level of moral development shown when students’ past experiences for meaning and
children generally do what is right in order to understanding.
come up with their parents and teacher’s D.The teacher must incorporate appropriate
expectation of a good child? teaching strategies in order to aid cognitive
A.Conventional development effectively.
B.Formal
C.Post-conventional ANSWER: C
D.Pre-conventional RATIONALIZATION: Piaget believe that there are
four distinct cognitive stages of development
ANSWER: A which all children go through in specific order.

35. Greeno (1989) said that thinking is the result

of the interaction between the individual and
the environment. Which of the theories of
development support/s the idea of Greeno?
I. Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development
II. Kohlberg’s stages of moral development
III.Piaget’s stages of cognitive development
IV.Vygotsky’s socio- cultural theory
A.III only
B.I and III only
RATIONALIZATION: Moral reasoning is based on C.III and IV only
the approval of others, law and order- D.I, II, and III only
conventional morality. Which of the following
laws states that we tend to fill the gaps in
figures as perceive them? ANSWER: C
A.Law of Proximity RATIONALIZATION: Vygotsky and Piaget
B.Law of Closure both believe that learning is a result of the
C.Law of Similarity individual’s interaction with the environment
D.Law of Effect
36. What is the teaching – learning implication
ANSWER: B of Greeno’s statement that thinking is a result
RATIONALIZATION: We tend to enclose a space of the interaction between the individual and
by completing a contour and ignore gaps in the environment?
figure – Law of Closure I. Social interaction plays a role in learning
II. Collaborative approach should be used in the
34. Lutz and Huitt ( 2004) in their study on classroom.
cognitive development and constructivism, said III.Teacher should provide hands-on activities.
that, “Educators , must activate previous IV.Visual/instructional materials should be used
experiences and knowledge in order to in teaching
effectively present new information in context A.I and II only
that students can readily process”. What does B. III and IV only
this statement imply? C.I, II, and III only
A.Learning is cumulative. D.I, II, III, and IV
B.Drill and review are important in the teaching-
leaning process. RATIONALIZATION: D. All the choices promote
learner’s interaction with his/her environment.
 B.Social learning theory
37. Teacher Rose begins a lesson on basic dance C.Constructivism
position by demonstrating the arms and feet D.Psychoanalytic
position in slow motion and physically guiding
her students through the correct movements. ANSWER: C
As her students become more skillful, she just RATIONALIZATION: Behaviorist learning
gives verbal instruction. With Vygotsky’s theory theory points that expressed or outward
in mind, what does teacher Rose do? behavior is the only way prove to learning took
A.Guided participation place.
B.Peer Interaction
C.Apprenticeship 40. On which principle is your conviction based
D.Scaffolding if you provide positive reinforcement whenever
a learner performs an acceptable behavior on
ANSWER: D her own?
A.Cognitivism
B.Behaviorism
C.Constructivism
D.Psychoanalytic

ANSWER: B
RATIONALIZATION: Behaviorist emphasize that
behavior is most learned through conditioning
and reinforcement (reward and punishment)

41. What does maturationist theory advance?

A.Development is a product of maturation and
RATIONALIZATION: Scaffolding is the learning as these two constantly interact with
systematic manner of providing assistance one another.
to the learner to effectively acquire to B.Development is a biological process that
a skill. occurs automatically on predictable, sequential
stage overtime.
38. Based on Freud’s theory, which operates C.Socio- cultural factors should provide the
when Mario lends his bicycle to his friend Julius basis for the education of young children.
who was crying for it? D.Development universally exist and that the
A.Ego developing child should be the focus of
B.Superego educational planning.
C.Id
D.Id and ego
ANSWER: B
ANSWER: B RATIONALIZATION: Maturationism is an early
RATIONALIZATION: superego is related to childhood educational philosophy that sees the
the ego ideal of conscience. child as a growing organism and believes
that the role of education is to passively support
39. Prof. Francis measures learning by the this growth rather than actively fill the child
outward expression of new behaviors only such with information. This theory suggests that
as ability to solve math with ease. Which theory growth and development unfold from
does she apply? within the organism. What does the
A.Cognitivism environmentalist theory proposed by John
Watson, B.F. Skinner and Albert Bandura informed individual. When used effectively,
assume? scaffolding can help a student learn content
A.Children are active participants in the they wouldn't have been able to process on
learning process. their own.
B.Children initiate most of the activities
required for learning and development. 45. Until where does scaffolding encourage
C.Learning and development occur when young children to discover and learn?
children interact with the environment. A.Within their level only
D.The child’s environment shapes learning B.Above their level but with help from the
behavior. teacher
C.Below their level to avoid frustration
ANSWER: D D.Above their level independently
RATIONALIZATION: Behaviorism, also known as
behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning ANSWER: B
which states all behaviors are learned through RATIONLIZATION: Above their level but with
interaction with the environment through a help from the teacher.
process called conditioning. Thus, behavior is
simply a response to environmental stimuli. 46. Kenn likes to go to school. He enjoyed
school on day 1. Which theory explain this?
43. What is a characteristic common among A.Metacognitive theory
preschoolers where they give human quality to B.Behaviorist theory
non-human things? C.Cognitive theory
A.Egocentrism D.Gestalt theory
B.Animism
C.Association ANSWER: B
D.Projection RATIONALIZATION: basta b lang daw.

ANSWER: B 47. Learning is viewed as collections of

RATIONALIZATION: Animism. This is the responses to external stimuli. Whose though is
belief that inanimate objects (such as toys this?
and teddy bears) have human feelings and A.Metacognitive
intentions. By animism Piaget (1929) meant B.Behaviorist
that for the pre- operational child the C.Cognitivist
world of nature is alive, conscious and has a D.Gestalt theorist
purpose.

44. What is the systematic manner of providing ANSWER: B

the right amount of assistance to the learner to RATIONALIZATION: Behaviorism, also known as
effectively acquire a skill? behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning
A.Scaffolding which states all behaviors are learned through
B.Guidance interaction with the environment through a
C.Counseling process called conditioning. Thus, behavior is
D.Tutoring simply a response to environmental stimuli.

ANSWER: A 48. Learners are information processors.

RATIONALIZATION: Vygotsky scaffolding is a Whose thought is this?
theory that focuses on a student's ability to A.Metacognitivist
learn information through the help of a more B.Behaviorist
C.Cognitivist
D.Gestalt theory

ANSWER:C
RATIONALIZATION: Cognitivism is a learning
theory that focuses on how information is
received, organized,stored and retrieved by
the mind.

49. Which view of learning led to the shift from

the knowledge- acquisition to knowledge-
construction metaphor?
A.Metacognitivist
B.Constructivist
C.Cognitivist
D.Gestalt theory

ANSWER: B
RATIONALIZATION: basta B

50. Teaching should shift from knowledge

transmission to knowledge construction. From
whom does this advice come?
A.Metacognitivist
B.Behaviorist
C.Constructivist
D.Cognitivist

ANSWER: C
RATIONALIZATION: Constructivism is the theory
that says learners construct knowledge rather
than just passively take in information. As
people experience the world and reflect upon
those experiences, they build their own
representations and incorporate new
information into their pre-existing knowledge
(schemas).