Johan Sebastian Franco Ramirez-20202375048

jo

1.

𝐶 + 𝑂2 → 𝐶𝑂2 12𝑘𝑔𝐶 + 32𝑘𝑔𝑂2 → 44𝑘𝑔𝐶𝑂2

32
O = 0.819 𝑥 = 2.184𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑙
12
44
C = 0.819 𝑥 = 3.003 𝑘𝑔 𝐶𝑂2
12
1
𝐻2 + 𝑂2 → 𝐻2𝑂 2𝑘𝑔𝐻2 + 16𝑘𝑔𝑂2 → 18𝑘𝑔𝐻2𝑂
2 1𝑘𝑔𝐻2 + 8𝑘𝑔𝑂2 → 9𝑘𝑔𝐻2𝑂

8
O= 0.049 𝑥 = 0.392𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑙
1
Johan Sebastian Franco Ramirez-20202375048

jo
9
Vapor = 0.049 𝑥 = 0.441 𝑘𝑔 𝐻2𝑂
Elemento Fracccion de 1
Oxigeno Producto de
masa requerido masa
(kg/kg coal) (kg/kg coal)
Carbon (C) 0.819 2.184 3.003 𝐶𝑂2
Hydrogen (H) 0.049 0.392 0.441 𝐻2𝑂
Oxygen (O) 0.06 -0.06 -
Nitrogen (N) 0.023 - 0.023 𝑁2
Ash 0.049 - -
2.516

𝑂2 necesario por Kg de C = 2.516 kg

Aire requerido po K g de carbon = 2.516 = 10.80 𝑘𝑔
0.233
Stoichiometric air fuel-ratio = 10.80 kg
(ii) For an air supply which is 25% in excess
25
Actual A/F ratio = 10.80 + ( 𝑥 10.80) = 13.5
100

= 13.5/1
𝑁2 supplied = 0.767 x 13.5 = 10.3545 kg
𝑂2 supplied = 0.233 x 13.5 = 3.1455 kg
Johan Sebastian Franco Ramirez-20202375048

jo

In the products, then, we have

𝑁2 = 10.3545 + 0.0233 = 10.5875 𝑘𝑔

𝑂2 = 3.1455 − 2.516 = 0.6295 𝑘𝑔
Product 𝒎𝒊 𝒎𝒊/m 𝒎̃ 𝒊 𝒏𝒊 = Wet Dry
(kg/kg (%) (kg/kmol) 𝒎𝒊/ 𝒏𝒊/𝒏 𝒏𝒊/𝒏
coal) 𝒎̃ 𝒊 (%) (%)
𝐶𝑂2 3.003 20.5 44 0.0683 13.92 14.65
𝐻2𝑂 0.441 3 18 0.0245 5.0 -
𝑂2 0.6295 4.3 32 0.0197 4.02 4.23
𝑁2 10.5875 72.2 28 0.3781 77.07 81.12
14.661 100 0.4906 100.01 100
Wet
0.4661
Dry
 Leison Gilbert Ocoró Carabali – 20202375049
Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas

Problema 7.2
An analysis of natural gas gave the following values: 𝐶𝐻4 93%; 𝐶2𝐻6 4%; 𝑁2 3%;
calculated the stoichiometric A/F ratio and analysis of the wet and dry products of
combustion when the A/F ratio is 12/1.
𝐶𝐻4 + 2𝑂2 → 𝐶𝑂2 + 2𝐻2𝑂
1𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝐻4 + 2𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑂2 → 1𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝑂2 + 2𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐻2𝑂
(0.93 ∗ 1)𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝐻4 + (0.93 ∗ 2)𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑂2 → (0.93 ∗ 1)𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝑂2 + (0.93 ∗ 2)𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐻2𝑂
0.93𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝐻4 + 1.86𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑂2 → 0.93𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝑂2 + 1.86𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐻2𝑂
Oxygen required for the 𝐶𝐻4 1.86 kmol/kmol
Kmol/kmol Combustion equation 𝑂2Kmol/kmol Products kmol/kmol
fuel fuel fuel
𝐶𝑂2 𝐻2𝑂
1 2 3 4 5 6
𝐶𝐻4 0.93 𝐶𝐻4 + 2𝑂2 → 𝐶𝑂2 1.86 0.93 1.86
+ 2𝐻2𝑂

𝐶2𝐻6 0.04 𝐶2𝐻6+3𝑂2 → 2𝐶𝑂2+3𝐻2𝑂 0.12 0.08 0.12

𝑁2 0.03 - - - -
Total 1.98 1.01 1.98
𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝐴/𝐹 = 1.98
= 9.43/1
0.21
A/F=12/1
𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛 = 0.79 𝑥 12 = 9.48 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐸𝑥𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 = (0.21 𝑥 12) − 1.98 = 0.54 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = 9.48 + 0.03 = 9.51 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
Product Kmol/kmol fuel % by vol. (dry) % by vol. (wet)
𝐶𝑂2 1.01 9.13 7.75
𝐻2𝑂 1.98 - 15.18
𝑂2 0.54 4.88 4.14
𝑁2 9.51 85.99 72.93
Total wet 13.04 100 100
-𝐻2𝑂 1.98
Total dry 11.06
 Leison Gilbert Ocoró Carabali – 20202375049
Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas

Problema 7.3

15
𝐶6𝐻6 + 𝑂2 → 6𝐶𝑂2 + 3𝐻2𝑂
2
15 15 79 15 79
𝐶6𝐻6 + )𝑁
𝑂2 + ( 𝑥 ) 𝑁2 → 6𝐶𝑂2 + 3𝐻2𝑂 + ( 𝑥 21 2
2 2 21 2
1 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 (6 𝑥 12) + 6
15
= 78 𝑘𝑔; 3 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 (
2 𝑥 32) = 240 𝑘𝑔
240
𝑂2 = = 3.077 𝑘𝑔
78
3.077
Relación estequiométrica = = 13.21/1 𝑘𝑔
0.233
1 15 15 79 15 79
𝐶6𝐻6 + [ ) 𝑁2
0.9 2 𝑂2 + ( 2 𝑥 21) 𝑁2] → 6𝐶𝑂2 + 3𝐻2𝑂 + ( 2 𝑥 21
6𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝑂2 + 3𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐻2𝑂 + 28.21 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑁2
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 sustancias = 6 + 3 + 28.21 = 37.21𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
Product Kmol/kmol fuel % by vol. (dry) % by vol. (wet)
𝐶𝑂2 6 17.54 16.12
𝐻2𝑂 3 - 8.06
𝑂2 - - -
𝑁2 28.21 82.46 75.81
Total wet 37.21 100 99.99
-𝐻2𝑂 3
Total dry 34.21
 Leison Gilbert Ocoró Carabali – 20202375049
Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas

Probema 7.4

𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐴/𝐹 = 12/1

𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝐴/𝐹 13.21
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐴/𝐹 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 = = 1.10
12

1 15 15 79 1 15 79
𝐶6𝐻6 + [ 𝑥 𝑥 ) 𝑁2
1.10 2 𝑂2 + ( 2 𝑥 21) 𝑁2] → 𝑎𝐶𝑂2 + 𝑏𝐶𝑂 + 3𝐻2𝑂 + ( 1.10 2 21
𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒: 6 = 𝑎 + 𝑏
1 15
𝑂𝑥𝑦𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒: 2 𝑥 = 2𝑎 + 𝑏 + 3
𝑥 1.10 2

6=𝑎+𝑏
10.64 = 2𝑎 + 𝑏
𝑎 = 6 − 𝑏 → 10.64 = 2(6 − 𝑏) + 𝑏 → 10.64 = 12 − 2𝑏 + 𝑏
𝑏 = 12 − 10.64 = 1.36
𝑎 = 6 − 1.36 = 4.64
1
4.64𝐶𝑂2 + 1.36𝐶𝑂 + 3𝐻2𝑂 + ( 15 79
𝑥 𝑥 ) 𝑁2
1.10 2 21
4.64𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝑂2 + 1.36𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐶𝑂 + 3𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐻2𝑂 + 25.649𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑁2
Product Kmol/kmol fuel % by vol. (wet)
𝐶𝑂2 4.64 13.39
𝐻2𝑂 3 8.66
CO 1.36 3.93
𝑁2 25.649 74.03
Total wet 34.649 100.01