Unit-Iii Synthesis of Linkages: I. Computer Aided Analysis For Four Bar Mechanism (Freudenstein's Equation)

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UNIT- III

SYNTHESIS OF LINKAGES
 Synthesis of mechanism is the design or creation of a mechanism to produce a desired output
motion for a given input motion.

I. Computer Aided Analysis for Four Bar Mechanism (Freudenstein’s Equation) :

1. DISPLACEMENT ANALYSIS:

Sum of the components along X-Axis

--------------------------------------- (1)

----------------------------------------- (2)
Sum of the components along Y-Axis

----------------------------------------- (3)

---------------------------------------------- (4)
2 2
(2) + (4) →

---------------------- (5)
…..……. (6)

Equation (6) is known as Freudenstein’s Equation


After Simplify Equation (6)

..…………….… (7)

From Equation (8), we can find the position of the out put link CD i.e. φ, If the lengths & positions of
the link AB i.e. a, b, c, d & Ө is known.

From Eq (1) → ………… (8)

From Eq (2) →

….…………… (9)
(8)2 + (9)2 →

………. (10)
After Simplify Equation (10)
2. VELOCITY ANLYSIS:

Differentiating Equations (1) & (3) w.r.t. time →

……………………… (11)

…………..…………… (12)
Solve (11) & (12)

3. ACCELARATION ANALYSIS:

Differentiating Equations (11) & (12) w.r.t. time →


SOLUTION:

II. Computer Aided Analysis SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM:

1. DISPLACEMENT ANALYSIS:

Sum of the components along X-Axis


-------------------------------------- (1)
Sum of the components along Y-Axis

------------------------------------------ (2)

2. VELOCITY ANLYSIS:

3. ACCELARATION ANALYSIS:
CLASSIFICATION OF SYTHESIS PROBLEM:

1. FUNCTION GENERATION: The motion of the output & input links may be prescribed by an
arbitrary function i.e. y = f (x).
2. PATH GENERATION: When a point on the coupler or the floating link of a mechanism is to be
guided along a prescribed path.
3. MOTION GENERATION (BODY GUIDANCE): A mechanism is designed to guide a rigid body
in a prescribed path.
POLE: Simple rotation of body about a point known as the pole. If it I desired to guide a body or link in
a mechanism from one position to another. A pole of a moving link is the centre of its rotation w.r.t. a
fixed link.
1) Draw AB1 and DC1 arbitrary.
2) Rotate AB1 with an angle Ө12 mark AB2
3) Similarly mark DC2
4) Join B1B2 & C1C2 and draw angular bisectors B12
& C12
5) B12 & C12 are intersect at a point pole i.e. P12

RELATIVE POLE: If the rotation of the link is considered relative to another moving link, the pole is
known as relative pole.
For four bar mechanism:
1) Draw AB fixed link and AD1 and BC1 arbitrary.
1) 2)Rotate AD1 by A as center and angle Ө12 mark
AD2
2) 3)Similarly Mark BC2
3) 4)Join B1B2 & C1C2 and Draw angular bisectors B12
& C12
4) 5)B12 & C12 are intersect at a point relative
pole i.e. R12
For Slider crank mechanism:
1) Draw two parallel lines l1 and l2 at a distance e apart.
2) Mark a point A arbitrary and mark E at a distance
S/2 from A.
3) Draw perpendicular lines to l1 at A & E i.e P1 &P2.
4) Draw a line by rotating P1 by A as center and angle
Ө12 /2
5) The intersection of
this line with P2 locates the relative pole R12
I- FUNCTION GENERATION BY RELATIVE POLE METHOD:
(a) Four link mechanism :
(i) Two Position Synthesis :
(ii) Three Position Synthesis:

(b) Slider Crank Mechanism:


(i) Two Position synthesis:
(ii) Three Position Synthesis:

II- FUNCTION GENERATION BY INVERTION METHOD:


(a) Four Bar Mechanism:
(i) Two position Synthesis:

(ii) Three Position Synthesis:


(iii) Four Position Synthesis:

(b) Slider Crank Mechanism:


(i) Two position Synthesis:

(ii) Three Position Synthesis:


III- FUNCTION GENERATION BY COMPUTER AIDED SYNTHESIS OF
MECHANISM:

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