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Class Test: November 08, 2021

(1) There is a 2 page, 5 question test with problems worth 100 points total. Answers for question 1 must be single integers, other questions require explanations. (2) Question 1 has 15 subparts asking for integer answers to various math problems. (3) Later questions include proving identities, finding the number of solutions to equations given constraints, and proving inequalities about sides of triangles and their areas.

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Prithviraj Ghosh
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59 views2 pages

Class Test: November 08, 2021

(1) There is a 2 page, 5 question test with problems worth 100 points total. Answers for question 1 must be single integers, other questions require explanations. (2) Question 1 has 15 subparts asking for integer answers to various math problems. (3) Later questions include proving identities, finding the number of solutions to equations given constraints, and proving inequalities about sides of triangles and their areas.

Uploaded by

Prithviraj Ghosh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class Test

November 08, 2021

• There are only two pages and five questions in this question paper.

• Please take at most two hours to solve this paper. There are problems worth 100 points.

• Each subpart of Problem 1 must be answered with one integer only.


Problems 2, 3, 4 and 5 must be accompanied with a valid explanation for full credit.

• You may or may not use the hint(s). Full credit will be given as long as your solution is
valid.

1. [60 points] For each of the following problems, the answer is in the form of an integer. Just
write the required integer which is the correct answer to the corresponding question. Each
part carries 4 points.

(i) Find the number of integers x such that 0 ≤ x ≤ 144 and 144 | x2 − 1.
(ii) How many integers a are there for which 31 | a2 + 1 and 0 ≤ a ≤ 60?
(iii) Recall n! = 1 × 2 × · · · × n. Suppose (14!)2 ≡ a (mod 29) where 0 ≤ a ≤ 28. Find a.
(iv) What is the smallest positive integer which can be expressed as 1701u + 3768v, where
u, v vary over integers?
(v) Let S(n) denote the sum of digits of n (in the usual base 10). Start with the number
N = 4560 − 2. Look at the sequence S(N ), S(S(N )), S(S(S(N ))), . . . until you reach a
one-digit number. What is this one-digit number?
(vi) How many pairs of integers (m, n) are there such that n ≥ 1 and m2 = n! + 3?
(vii) How many positive divisors does 1800 have?
         
10 11 12 30 n
(viii) If + + + ··· + = , find n.
10 10 10 10 20
(ix) Find the number of integer solutions to the equation x + y + z + w = 8 with the
restrictions −4 ≤ x ≤ 5, y ≥ 0, z ≥ 0, w ≥ 0.
(x) You have 5 red marbles and 5 blue marbles (all distinct). How many ways are there to
pick 4 marbles such that at least 3 of them are red?
(xi) How many integers a are there for which 29 | a2 + 1 and 0 ≤ a ≤ 60?
(xii) If 8 C8 + 9 C8 + · · · + 17 C8 = n Cm and m < 10, find n + m.
(xiii) The medians to the legs (the equal sides) of an isosceles triangle are perpendicular to
each other. If the base of the triangle is 4, find its area.
(xiv) How many inteeger solutions are there fo the equation x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 = 10 constraint
to 0 ≤ xi < 10∀i?
n
ai xi is a polynomial with each ai ∈ Z and 0 ≤ ai ≤ 3. If P (5) = 4562,
P
(xv) If P (x) =
i=0
what is P (10)?

1
2. [10 points] Two natural numbers m and n have positive divisors a1 , a2 , . . . , ap and b1 , b2 , . . . , bq
respectively. Show that m = n if it is known that
1 1 1 1
a1 + · · · + ap = b 1 + · · · + b q + ··· + = + ··· +
a1 ap b1 bq

n  
X n
1
3. [10 points] For an integer n ≥ 3, show that k 3 = n2 (n + 3)2n−3 .
k=1
k
√
4. [15 points] If a triangle has sides a, b, c and area A, prove that a2 + b2 + c2 ≥ 4 3A.
√
n+1 a + nb
5. [5 points] For a, b > 0 show that abn ≤ .
n+1

1
Hint: Think of the number of ways to select a committee with three special positions as president, vice-president
and secretary (the people holding the special positions may not be distinct).

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