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Statintro

Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data. Government needs for census data and information about economic activities drove the early development of statistics. Today, the large amounts of data available in many fields require statistical tools to extract useful information. Data are facts and figures that are collected, analyzed, and summarized for presentation. Data can be quantitative, involving numbers, or qualitative, involving labels or categories. A study with variables like age, gender, marital status, and income for 100 people would involve collecting 400 total data points to analyze.

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Dahanyakage Wickramathunga
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18 views

Statintro

Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data. Government needs for census data and information about economic activities drove the early development of statistics. Today, the large amounts of data available in many fields require statistical tools to extract useful information. Data are facts and figures that are collected, analyzed, and summarized for presentation. Data can be quantitative, involving numbers, or qualitative, involving labels or categories. A study with variables like age, gender, marital status, and income for 100 people would involve collecting 400 total data points to analyze.

Uploaded by

Dahanyakage Wickramathunga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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statistics, the science of collecting, analyzing, presenting, and interpreting data.

Governmental needs for census data as well as information about a variety of economic
activities provided much of the early impetus for the field of statistics. Currently the
need to turn the large amounts of data available in many applied fields into useful
information has stimulated both theoretical and practical developments in statistics.

Data are the facts and figures that are collected, analyzed, and summarized for
presentation and interpretation. Data may be classified as either quantitative or
qualitative. Quantitative data measure either how much or how many of something,
and qualitative data provide labels, or names, for categories of like items. For example,
suppose that a particular study is interested in characteristics such as age, gender,
marital status, and annual income for a sample of 100 individuals. These characteristics
would be called the variables of the study, and data values for each of the variables
would be associated with each individual. Thus, the data values of 28, male, single, and
$30,000 would be recorded for a 28-year-old single male with an annual income of
$30,000. With 100 individuals and 4 variables, the data set would have 100 × 4 = 400
items. In this example, age and annual income are quantitative variables; the
corresponding data values indicate how many years and how much money for each
individual. Gender and marital status are qualitative variables. The labels male and
female provide the qualitative data for gender, and the labels single, married, divorced,
and widowed indicate marital status.

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