DISCUSSION

- Current Issues

- Perception

- Ve r t i c a l C i t i e s

- Concept

- Principles

- Benefits

- Ve r t i c a l C i t i e s v s .
Modern Skyscrapers

- To w a r d s C i t y ‟s S u s t a i n a b i l i t y

- Conclusion
URBANISATION STATISTIC IN ASIA

42.2 Percentage of Asian Population Living In Cities In 2010

80 Percentage of Region‟s GDP Attributed to Urban Economies in 2010

100,000 Number of Person per Day that Moved into A City in Asia in 2011 :
A Total of 37 Million per Year

1,000 Hectares of Productive Agricultural Land that are Converted to Urban

Use Every Day in Asia

Nirmal Kishnani : Greening Asia , Emerging Principles for Sustainable Architecture

URBANISATION STATISTIC IN ASIA

20,000 Number of New Homes Needed Every Day to Accommodate The

Influx of Migrants into Asia‟s Cities

64 Percentage of Asia‟s Population Living in Cities by 2050

An Increase of 23.5% over 2011 figures

16/20 16 out of 20 Most Densed Cities in The World are in Asia

10,000 Number of Person per Square Kilometer in Asian Cities

- 20,000
Nirmal Kishnani : Greening Asia , Emerging Principles for Sustainable Architecture
 VERTICAL CITIES ASIA
– Everyone Harvests
International Design Competition and Symposium July 2013
• to encourage design explorations and research into the prospects of new models
for the increasingly vertical, dense and intense urban environments in Asia
• Editions one (Chengdu,2011), editions two (Seoul,2012), editions three (Hanoi,2013)
• organised by the National University of Singapore's School of Design and Environment
• sponsored by Beijing Vantone Citylogic Investment Corporation and the World Future
Foundation
• The participating universities
• The Chinese University of Hong Kong
• Delft University of Technology
• National University of Singapore
• Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich
• Tongji University
• Tsinghua University
• University of California (UC) Berkeley
• University of Michigan
• University of Pennsylvania
• University of Tokyo.
 CURRENT ISSUES
More than 75 per cent of
the world’s population is
expected live in urban areas by
2050. New residential, commercial Paris : 7,877,000 people
and office spaces within major 893 square kilometer

cities will be needed to

Jakarta : 14,908,000 people
accommodate millions of people, 2,942square kilometer

leading cities to invest in

innovative, integrated and
sustainable solutions to cope with Berlin : 4,212,000 people
the rapid growth of urbanisation 1,176 square kilometer

Moscow : 8,543,000 people Shanghai : 7,397,000 people

470 square kilometer 244 square kilometer

Spatial of population
in 7 major metropolis
represented at the London : 6,626,000 people
1,062 square kilometer New York: 10,752,000 people
2,674 square kilometer
same scale
 “ We can stop population growth, we can eradicate poverty, we can solve the energy and
the climate issues, but we have to make the right investment … I know a good world is
possible if we leave emotion aside and just work analytically ” - Hans Rosling

Wo r l d P o p u l a t i o n

Wo r l d ‟s U r b a n P o p u l a t i o n
 When 7 billion people on this planet…

It will affect
• Land
• Transportation
• Habitation
• Foods Supply
 The density
development of
floor area ratio
and population

Housing block

Neighborhood

District

City / Region
Issues in OUR Country…
Kuala Lumpur.
 Kuala Lumpur land used
distribution in 2000

Population 1,627,128
million
[ 6,696 inhabitants per
squarekilometre ]
(17,340/sqmi)

The only Undeveloped

area in 2000
 Kuala Lumpur development plan
strategy (KL Draft plan 2020)

Population demand for

2020 is 6 million
[ 24,691 inhabitants
per squarekilometre ]
(64,516/sqmi)

Where are the left behind

undeveloped area…
2000 2020
What WE need to do?
Going up ver tical?
Ve r t i c a l C i t y ?
Is it a solution?
PERCEPTION ON VERTICAL CITIES

"The proposition that tall buildings are

necessary to prevent suburban sprawl is
impossible to sustain. They do n o t
necessarily achieve higher
densities than mid or low -rise
d e v e l o p m e n t and in some cases are a
less-efficient use of space than alternatives.”
UK House of Commons
Vertical Cities = Skyscraper/ High Rise?

Ve r t i c a l C i t i e s i s
considering on the
density, and does
not necessarily mean
urban quality or the
presence of tall
building
Vertical Cities = Environmental Impact?
Ve r t i c a l a n d c o m p a c t c i t y p r o d u c e
more radiation to climatic
unbalance

The re-irradiation
phenomena in urban
canyons due to the
close parallel
facades
“When all these factors (environmental problem, construction cost) are taken
into account it is not a priori clear that the d e s i r e d h i g h u r b a n
d e n s i t y can be achieved by tall buildings along with an acceptable solution
to the above mentioned environmental problems. Recent studies have shown
that a reasonable density may be achieved with six stories high buildings while
preserving the solar rights of neighbouring buildings, as well as open spaces
among them”
Capeluto and Shaviv
(Solar Energy Journal)
VERTICAL CITIES
Concept of the Vertical City is
fascinating and attractive to
some people, and totally repulsive to
others. It also to developing ideas and
creating different solutions to approach
the challenge of high-density
urbanisation
P r i n c i p l e s o f Ve r t i c a l C i t i e s

• living and working in a building

• prevents the loss of farmland
and natural greenbelts
• reduces air pollution (since
all commuting is vertical where the
distances are much shorter and
the transport mechanism much
more efficient)
• reduces the need for all the
roads that service horizontal
cities, so people can just walk out
into parkland.
B e n e f i t s o f Ve r t i c a l C i t i e s
• reactive healing force and
the city could rejuvenate
weak urban zones in decline
by filling up voids and dead space
with functional space
• thriving neighbourhoods
• Have capacity to maximize
green open space and solve
major infrastructural issues
• creating an efficient, accessible
circulation system for public
transportation

“ A city can be friendly to people or it can be

friendly to cars, but it can‟t be both ”
– Enrique Penalosa (Former Mayor of Bogota)
 Form of Ve r t i c a l C i t i e s

Density
+ =
Needs
 Vertical Cities vs. Modern Skyscrapers
V E RT I C A L C I T I E S
Vs MODERN SKYSCRAPERS

• integrates residential, • effectively respond to density issues

commercial, educational and with a small footprint
cultural functions • homogeneous function
• arranged at a human • contributing to the problem of city
scale that keeps the buildings centres becoming commercial zones
within walking distance • extending into residential suburban
• empty sites are occupied with sprawl
infrastructural • creating the need for large transport
installations and urban infrastructure to connect long distances
equipment between office and residential areas
• creating many public • tend to lose the awareness of the
meeting places and green human scale
areas
• forcing citizens to live and work in
increasingly alienating, polluted and
disconnected environments
Example 1

T h e M i r a d o r b u i l d i n g i n M a d r i d , S p a i n , d e s i g n e d b y M V R DV

The building is a
collection of mini
neighbourhoods
stacked vertically
around a semi-public sky-
plaza that acts as a
counterpoint against
the massive
uniformity of the
surrounding housing
blocks.
Example 2

Flip/City Shanghai

literally flips the horizontal

cityscape onto its side by taking
footprints of the city‟s existing
building types and adopting them
as the new facades of the
vertical city. It also aim to
combine different
functions in city-clusters,
preserving the human
scale while simultaneously
increasing density and
green space at the urban
scale.
ELEMENTS TOWARDS
VERTICAL CITIES
Volume compact
to save energy

Connectivity to
maximize Permeable
accessibility spaces and low
(avoided straight thresholds
connections

Comfortable Barrier to
climate, sufficient maximized
light, little noise and
fresh air living quality

Stiff plateau to create

public space
ELEMENTS TOWARDS
CITY’S SUSTAINABILITY
Ecological
Footprints

Sustainable
Sustainable
Design, Culture
Planning
and Heritage

Sustainable
Sustainable
Density and
Communities
Mixed Use
Camilla Ween : Future Cities
FUTURE VERTICAL CITIES :
TOWARDS CITY’S SUSTAINABILITY
The p r i n c i p a l o b j e c t i v e s of
sustainable Vertical Cities are to
• minimize the use of non-
renewable resources
• minimize waste in the built
environment
• create a healthy, productive place to
live and work
• quality of interior environments
• use of environmentally responsible
products and practices

Sustainable planning starts with the firm conviction

to preserve as much of Nature as possible, including
precious water resources, and thereby to minimize
the negative impact of human habitation
“Seeking to sustain global life-support
systems indefinitely”
Robert Goodland
 Sky Farm
Growing food in an urban high rise

Designed to :
• maximize sunlight
exposure and uses
hydroponic artificial lighting to
grow root, plant and even tree
based fruits and vegetables.
• include chicken hatcheries for
egg and meat production.
• Collecting rainwater and
recycling waste water
• maximizing solar produced
energy
• the use of bio-waste
digesters helps power these increasing population boom over the next 40 years or so is going to present some
significant challenges for human efficiency. One of the chief challenges, aside from
aerial acres combatting carbon release, will be increasing global food supply in a sustainable way.
Yatra Tower, Mumbai
The connecting elements that joined the five towers together, such as
the mid-level sky bridges and upper-level urban plane. Influenced by the concept of
„procession‟, an important notion in Indian vernacular traditions, festivals and religions
 Yatra Tower, Mumbai
The design also includes :
• continual circulatory
routes in the vertical
plane such as ramps, inclined
escalators traversing tower
facades and high-speed lifts to
connect the ground floor plane
with the public sky bridge and
urban levels above
• large public realm
embracing all the towers at their
apex
• creating open green
space at height for the
benefit of the new
vertical
Sergiy Prokof`yev, Arsenii Kuznetsov,
Oleksandr Garashchenko (Ukraine)

Dictated by the latest

technologies and
achievements in :
• materials
science,
• implementation of
the cutting-edge
construction
• energy saving
• aerodynamic
and ecological
solutions.
Chicago Gateway
This towering eco high-rise offers a
• green gateway to the city of Chicago
• includes a large vertical farm
• mixed-use towers
• residential tower all tied together by a series of sky bridges.

The 'green podium'

contains a vertical
hydroponic farm
and a green garden roof.
The leaning tower has
balconies for the
residents, which
would be planted
with trees and other
vegetation.
Peruri 88 , Jakarta
One for all the community. Each of these stacked urban blocks
comes with a semi-public roof park, an abundance of gardens, playgrounds, spas,
gym‟s, outdoor restaurants and swimming pools available to the inhabitants and
office employees. The tall trees on these decks will provide extra shade whilst
the height of the parks allows for a cooling breeze.
Multifunctional Vertical City In
Rotterdam
The signature of OMA/Rem Koolhaas is the 8.5-
metre-high central hall that spans the entire width
of the building; it is detailed of material in brass and
travertine wall coverings and natural stone flooring,
and boasts an impressive atrium.
 CONCLUSION
Density
+
Community
+
Land Scarcity
+
Food and Water
Scarcity

Ve r t i c a l C i t i e s

Vertical cities is a solution towards future living for sustainable demands. It is a series of
interlinking, environmentally friendly, self-sustaining, mega towers that extend as
high as a mile skyward.
By building Vertical Cities we can save energy, support our growing population and
preserve our horizontal spaces for food production, nature and recreation.
THANK YOU