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Applying The Normal Curve Concepts in Problem Solving: Statistics & Probability

This document discusses determining probabilities using the normal distribution. It provides examples of finding raw scores where a certain percentage of cases fall below that score. In the first example, it is given that test scores are normally distributed with a mean of 80 and standard deviation of 15. It asks to find the raw score where 70% of cases are below it. Using the normal distribution, this corresponds to a z-score of 0.52. Solving the normal distribution formula gives a raw score of 88. The second example asks to find the score where 99% of cases are below it. This corresponds to a z-score of 2.33 and a raw score of 115. The document also provides an

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ibrahim elkholy
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160 views3 pages

Applying The Normal Curve Concepts in Problem Solving: Statistics & Probability

This document discusses determining probabilities using the normal distribution. It provides examples of finding raw scores where a certain percentage of cases fall below that score. In the first example, it is given that test scores are normally distributed with a mean of 80 and standard deviation of 15. It asks to find the raw score where 70% of cases are below it. Using the normal distribution, this corresponds to a z-score of 0.52. Solving the normal distribution formula gives a raw score of 88. The second example asks to find the score where 99% of cases are below it. This corresponds to a z-score of 2.33 and a raw score of 115. The document also provides an

Uploaded by

ibrahim elkholy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics & Probability

DETERMINING PROBABILITIES

Applying the Normal Curve Concepts in Problem Solving

1. The results of a nationwide aptitude test in mathematics are normally distributed with m = 80 and s = 15. Find
the raw score such that 70% of the cases are below it.

ANALYSIS:
a. What are the given?
ANS: m = 80; s = 15; required area = 70%
b. What are you going to find?
ANS: raw score
c. What is suggested by the given to help you solve the problems?
ANS: Find the raw score by determining first corresponding z – score from the Table of Areas under the Normal
Curve. If 70% of the cases lie below the raw score, then 30% of the cases are above it.
d. Will the application of the normal curve concepts be useful?
ANS: The problem involves a normal distribution. Therefore, we can apply the normal curve concepts to solve
the problem.

SOLUTION

STEPS SOLUTION
1. Draw a normal curve

2. Selecting 30%, express this as area. This is the 30% is the same as 0.3000
area to the right of the x – value we want to
locate.
3. Find the area between z = 0 and 0.3000 0.5000 – 0.3000 = 0.2000
4. Find the area 0.2000 or the value nearest to it in The area is 0.1985
the Table of Areas Under the Normal Curve
5. Find the z – value that corresponds to 0.1985. z=0.52 ↔ thearea 0.1985

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Statistics & Probability

6. Find a computing formula for determining raw X −μ


z=
scores σ
7. Modify the formula to solve for X X =μ+ zσ
8. Substitute the given values in the modified X =μ+ zσ
formula to solve for X.
X =80+ ( 0.52 ) ( 15 )
X =87.8 ≈ 88
9. Make a concluding statement In the distribution, 70% of the scores are below the score
88.

Example #2: In the same problem, what is the score that divides the distribution such that 99% of the cases is below it?

ANALYSIS: The score is to the right of the mean. Using 1% seems more convenient than using 99%.

STEPS SOLUTION
1. Draw a normal curve

2. Selecting 1%, express this as area. This is the area 1% is the same as 0.1000
to the right of the z – value we want to locate
3. Find the area between z = 0 and 0.0100 0.5000 – 0.0100 = 0.4900
4. Find the area 0.4900 or the value nearest to it in The nearest area is 0.4901
the Table of Areas Under the Normal Curve

5. Find the z – score that corresponds to 0.4901 z=2.33 ↔ thearea 0.4901


6. Find a computing formula for determining raw X −μ
z=
scores σ
7. Modify the formula to solve for X X =μ+ zσ
8. Substitute the given values in the modified X =μ+ zσ
formula to solve for X.
X =80+ ( 2.33 ) ( 15 )
X =114.95 ≈115
9. Make a concluding statement In the distribution, 99% of the scores are below the score
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Statistics & Probability

115.

Activity #1:
The weights of 1 000 children average 50 kg and the standard deviation is 5 kg. How many children weigh
between 40 kg and 55 kg?

Example :
The weight of a large shipment of coconuts is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 0.71kg. the
probability that a coconut weight less than 2.7kg is 10.2%. The mean of the shipment is_____?

Solution: from the information----a coconut weight less than 2.7kg is 10.2%,
2 . 7−μ
we get z1 = -1.27. Because z1 = 0 .71 = -1.27, so μ = 3.60

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