RADIO JOCKEY AND NEWS

READING
BACHELOR OF ARTS (JOURNALISM & MASS COMMUNICATION)
BAJMC

Subject code – BA(JMC)207

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Ms. Srishti Chandola Saksham Jain
Assistant Professor 01927402420
BA(JMC)207

Batch: 2020-23
KCC Institute of Legal and Higher
Education, Greater Noida Affiliated to
GGSIPU (Guru Gobind Singh
Indraprastha University), Dwarka, New
Delhi – 110037
OBJECTIVES
  Describe the structure and functioning of radio FM channel

 Describe the presentation techniques used by Radio Jockey/

News Reader

 Utilize knowledge gained in presentation of a radio

programme for transmission

S.No. Topic Page No.

Assignment-1

1
1 Question-1: Radio News 3

2 Question-2: Functions of private 3

and government radio stations
3 Question-3: Between a 3-4
correspondent and a reporter
4 Question-4: 4
Assignment-2
5 Question-1 Radio Infotainment 6

6 Question-2 Importance of writing in 6

radio
7 Question-3 skills required for 6-7
becoming a radio jockey
8 Question-4 Elements of a news 7-9
bulletin
Assignment-3
9 Question-1 Radio jockey 11

10 Question-2 Importance of 11
pronunciation in radio
11 Question-3 Things that radio jockey 11
need to be careful in live show
12 Question-4 Importance of voice 11-12
qualifier and speech personality
Assignment-4
13 Question-1 stages of radio 14-15
production
14 Question-2 Difference b/w recorded 15
and live show
15 Question-3 Importance of music and radio 15-16
16 Question-4 Emerging trends in radio 16
Table of Contents
UNIT-1
Q1. What do you understand by radio news?

2
A1. A radio news storey is a brief, accurate, and factual report on a current
occurrence, be it political, social, sporting, or business-related. The basic
purpose of a radio news report is to inform. There is no viewpoint or
commentary in a radio news storey. A radio news storey can be simply read
by a news reader, or it might include audio snippets such as statements
from interviewees or reporters, as well as recordings of events at the scene
of the news incident.
A typical radio news storey consists of five phrases and lasts about 20 to 25
seconds. The most significant information is presented first in a radio news
report, as it is in all other kinds of news media. The most significant and
current information is followed by sources, background information, and
other developments, which are listed in order of importance. At the end,
you'll find the least important information.

Q2. What are the functions of a private and government radio

stations?
A2.
Q3. Differentiate between a correspondent and a reporter.
A3. * Correspondent
 Someone who reports news from a specific place or country on a
specific topic is referred to as a correspondent.
 There are war correspondents, foreign correspondents, sports
correspondents, and other types of correspondents.
 In the piece, a correspondent expresses his viewpoint.
 Being a correspondent can be more difficult and risky than being a
reporter at times.
 If an event occurs anywhere in the world, a reporter is dispatched to
that location to report on the situation.
 They communicate both in writing and through recordings. A
journalist must be ready to report on the next major event at all
times.
 Best example for this is war correspondents that are sent to the battle
front to report the news.
 Correspondent is a journalist.

* Reporter
 A reporter is someone who works for a newspaper or a television
organisation and reports on current events.
 A reporter does not voice his opinions in the piece.

3
  A reporter's job is less demanding and riskier than that of a
correspondent.
 Reporters gather information from a variety of sources, such as
interviews and sources, and report it to the public.
 When writing the story different reporters use different styles of
writing to fit the audience.
 A reporter focusing on the different areas that reporters work in
some of the common areas are sports, education, crime, politics,
business etc.
 Reporters' primary responsibilities include editing and reporting.
First, the reporter gathers all of the facts needed for the storey.
Following that, the editing process begins. Fitting the storey to the
bulletin is part of this process.

Q4. Explain the following news values in detail;

a) Balance
b) Fairness
c) Objectivity
A4. a) Balance: - It's just as vital to report in a balanced way as it is to
report accurately. Give both sides of the narrative if you're writing about a
debate. When reporting a strike, for example, include the authorities'
assertion as well as the workers' claim as to how successful it was. If a
storey has too many government viewpoints or tends to provide too much
international news that is irrelevant to your listeners, it may appear lopsided
and so prejudiced.
b) Fairness: - Fairness requires reporters covering a storey to
remember that most issues have two sides and that those opposing opinions
should be given roughly equal time in any news article.
c) Objectivity: - You should not interject your personal perspective
into the storey. Facts and other people's opinions are all that is required for
reports. You should act as a neutral observer who reports events without
taking sides. News must be provided objectively and without bias, and it
must not be linked to any vested interest.

4
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF EACH
QUESTIONS
Q1. In first question I learned about the radio news. How it
should be present and make it interesting because like other
medium we don't have a visual to make news catchy.
Q2.
Q3. In third question I learned a thing that I never knew
difference between the correspondent and reporter. In reality both
know as journalists but have different work and different
methods to do work.
Q4. In fourth question I write about three important points that
we all should need to know as a journalist. Why it's important to
be fair and need to give balance news.

5
 UNIT-2
Q1. What is radio infotainment?
A1. The term "infotainment" is a mix of the phrases
"information" and "entertainment." People who wish to pass the
time desire some integrated programmes that can inform them
while also entertaining them. As a result, a new term,
'Infotainment,' has emerged.
Q2. Explain the importance of writing in radio
A2. Because of its unique properties, radio is a popular medium
among the numerous forms of public communication. Radio is a
form of sound. There are no graphics in it. As a result, when
writing for radio, it's crucial to remember that we're only allowed
to use sound to produce visuals. Silence, music, sound effects,
and spoken words are all examples of sound (pause).
Incorporating these parts of sound writing for radio necessitates a
set of specific talents that can be easily comprehended by the
audience. This can be accomplished by employing simple,
everyday terms and expressions that people use in their daily
discussions.
We'll also look at how news can be written for an audio medium
like radio, where an item is only heard once and listeners don't
have the ability to go back and listen to a news item if they
missed it the first time. The news on the radio must be simple to
comprehend.
Q3. What are the skills required for becoming a radio jockey?
A3. RJs should be well versed with literature, require sound general
knowledge and awareness of current issues all the while presenting it in an
acceptable manner to the audience. Connecting with the audience is the
most important quality required to be a radio jockey. You could be the best
orator in the world, but if people can't connect with you, your diction is
useless.
As a result, Knowledge is the next most important characteristic. You
should be knowledgeable about whatever that comes to mind. From what to
expect, to the most recent news, to the most recent music, and so on.

6
Being an Extempo is another crucial quality. There's a distinction to be
made between an extrovert and an extempo. Without a doubt, you must be
an extrovert who is unafraid of the stage or the microphone, but you must
also be extempo. "Acting in the present" is what extempo means. Whatever
position you are in at the moment, you must speak, behave, and react
appropriately, and it must sound natural rather than contrived. Only then
will the audience be able to connect with you.

Q4. Explain the elements of a news bulletin

A4. Radio bulletins are usually made up from three types of material:
1. News Script (Written stories)
2. Voice dispatch (Voice reports from journalists, either recorded or live)
3. Actuality (Recorded sound of the event).
4. Music
1. News Script (Written stories)
(i) The most important criteria for selecting news stories for a news bulletin
are that they must be new, unusual, interesting, meaningful, and about
people. Each of these factors will assist you in determining which stories to
include in your bulletin and where they should appear in your 05-10 or 15-
minute bulletin.
The most important narrative is usually told first, followed by the least
important story. While writing a proper news bulletin, some other criteria
such as the balance and tempo of the bulletin can be considered.
(ii) Attempt to try not to see the announcement essentially as an assortment
of people, independent stories.
2. Voice dispatch
An important part of the radio reporter's job is to deliver voice messages,
which have become an integral part of breaking news, in addition to telling
the story of the script. The purpose of voice messages is to complement the
correspondent's voice and add color and reliability to the basic message.
An eyewitness narrative or an on-the-spot report with background sound
can be extremely persuasive. It's not the same as writing pure news when it
comes to writing a voice report. In a voice report, you can bring a more
personal touch to the news.
3. Actuality

7
This is usually the sound of someone speaking, perhaps taken from an
interview or a Speech.
A short segment of actuality is called a grab. Grabs are used in a similar way
to quotes in a newspaper story. In some countries, grabs are called cuts or
inserts.
Short grabs of actuality are a useful part of news bulletins for the following
reasons:
(i) They can often tell the story more effectively than a script. If your story
is about a violent protest outside an embassy, a 10-second grab of
demonstrators chanting and shouting will convey the atmosphere better than
any words.
(ii) They can add variety to the pace of the bulletin, breaking up a long
section of reading by one voice. On the practical side, they allow the
newsreader to take a 30 or 40 second rest.
(iii) They are often a chance to let people within your community speak on
the radio. People like to hear their own voice on radio occasionally, or the
voices of people they know.
(iv) Using a grab of someone speaking can convince listeners that the person
really did say a certain thing. They might not believe your report that the
Government is resigning. When they hear the Prime Minister announcing it,
they have to believe.
4. Music

(i) To advertise the bulletin, a special opening tune should be utilised, and it
may also be used within the bulletin on occasion, maybe to divide different
segments. Short music inserts are referred to as stabs or stings.
(ii) Short and dramatic should be your opening theme. It should either end
before the presenter begins reading or fade out just before they begin. Many
record labels now release stab-specific collections of electronic or
instrumental themes.

8
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF EACH
QUESTIONS
Q1. First question is about infotainment. In this I learned about
how the RJ give information about the entertainment program in
an entertaining program. This is something new for me.
Q2. In second question I learned about the radio writing. How we
have to write in radio program and make it creative and used
familiar languages. so, people listen us, because it does not
visuals, if we don't write properly so it's been boring and people
changed channel.
Q3. In third questions I learned about skills required for
becoming a radio jockey. This is also something new for me.
Which I don't know and for becoming RJ. We have to used short
sentence, limited words, use simple words. So, the listeners can
listen it.
Q4. In the fourth question, I learned about elements of news
bulletins. Which is important for RJ.

9
 UNIT-3
Q1. What is radio jockey?
A1. The host of a radio talk show, podcast, or music show is known as a
radio jockey. In simple terms, a Radio Jockey is a person who hosts a radio
show. Radio jockeys (RJs) entertain callers in a chat system that is
supposedly broadcast on the radio and communicates with the caller by
phone, email, and internet chat. Radio jockeys must be able to interest
listeners by their voice and word choice, as well as how they present the
topic in front of an audience.
A career as a radio jockey is thrilling, promising, and a fantastic challenge
for music fans. If you truly want to pursue a job as a radio DJ, you must
possess an automatic, entertaining, and welcoming personality. A great
knowledge of the language and a nice voice are always advantageous in this
sector if you want to get a job done. Aside from that, in order to be a good
radio jockey, you will need to listen to good radio jockeys in order to grasp
their style and then practise making your own.

Q2. What is the importance of pronunciation in radio?

A2. Pronunciation is important for listeners to clearly understand you.
Words should be pronounced completely and correctly. Words should not
be shortened. Radio pronounciation is not the same as casual speech; all
words must be pronounced completely. Proper articulation is synonymous
with proper pronunciation. When you speak, pay attention to how you say
things.
Because radio lacks pictures, the voice is the primary means of conveying
emotion. Speakers must learn to use their voices to portray the text's
emotions. The tone of an obituary is not the same as that of a
commemorative article. Use the appropriate tone at the appropriate time.
Use inflection to make your voice more musical.
Emotion is communicated through voice. Over the phone, listen to a friend.
You can usually tell how someone is feeling, whether it's good or terrible.
Through your voice, listeners should be able to sense the text's emotions.
You must learn to make your voice reflect emotion in addition to having a
pleasant voice.

10
Q3. Discuss the things that a radio jockey needs to be careful of
while presenting a live show?
A3. Few points that a radio jockey must keep in mind while presenting a
radio show are as follows :-
1. Know Who You're Talking To
Learn everything you can about your audience, including why they
listen to you, when they listen, and what devices they use to listen to
you. In your mind's eye, create a complete picture of your listeners
and who they are.
2. Make sure your audience is paying attention
Make sure your audience is paying attention. If you're going to talk
about something, make it captivating, turn it into a story, channel
your inner poet, and convert it into something that will grab your
listeners' attention and draw them into the conversation with you.
3. Make your own decisions
It's essential to be yourself, but that means focusing on your
strengths rather than attempting to be someone you aren't. Allow
your enthusiasm to shine through, and enjoy your time on the air;
you're on the radio! No one else's show is as good as yours.

Q4. What is the importance of voice qualifier and speech

personality in radio? Discuss.
A4. Voice modulation is the process of controlling and adjusting one's
voice to meet the needs of a current conversation. It's the process of
deciding whether to make your music louder, softer, faster or slower,
dramatic or emotional. Voice modulation refers to the use of your voice and
tone to better communicate your message.
You'd be speaking in a continuous and monotonous pitch or tone if you
didn't use proper voice modulation. We use voice modulation in our
everyday conversations, as we can see. The problem is that most of us are
suffocated by stage fright when we stand in front of an audience, so we don't
use voice modulation as effectively as we could.
When we go on stage, it's natural to feel nervous or excited because
adrenaline is coursing through our veins. As a result, we tend to rush
through our speeches. You should be aware of your speech and take a few
pauses to improve the quality and impact of your speech.

11
The volume of your speech is an easy way to modulate the vocal tones and
plays an important role in its clarity. You must be loud in order for everyone
to hear what you are saying, but you must draw the line between being loud
and literally shouting. Being loud and clear is not difficult, and with a little
practise, speaking in a way that everyone can hear you becomes second
nature. However, modulating the voice between loud and soft is a difficult
part of speaking. Changing and balancing your volume to match the content
is a crucial part of effectively communicating your message.
The speed at which your message is delivered is critical. Slowing down
allows us to be more relaxed and deliver content with greater clarity.
Modulating the pace is more important than speaking slowly. It's a surefire
way to keep your audience engaged if you can go fast at times and slow
down at others.

12
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF EACH
QUESTIONS

Q1. The first question is about who is RJ. It has simple and
easiest answer someone who presents the news or host the show.
Q2. The second question is about the importance of
pronunciation in radio. Just because we don't have visuals, to
show our viewers and because of our language they listen to us.
So, it's important to have proper pronunciations while we
presenting any show.
Q3. In the third question, I learned about things we need to be
careful and it is the same as I studied earlier to give proper
information with facts and figures.
Q4. The fourth question is somewhere similar to the first
question. Importance of voice qualifier and speech personality,
because while presenting the show we need to talk continuously.
So, the RJ voice be in the proper manner.

13
 UNIT-4
Q1. Explain the stages of radio production in detail.
A1.
a) Pre-production
b) Production
c) post-production

 Pre-production: Pre-production methods to consider when planning

a radio show include: ideas and creative input, content, people and
skills, equipment, locations, time, and money. In the pre-production
of a radio show, ideas and creative input are crucial. You must first
consider various ideas for the show, depending on the type of radio
show you will be producing. Whether it is sports, music, factual, or
any other type of radio, having good ideas to begin with is critical.
The way you set up your show can influence your ideas. In the pre-
production of a radio show, ideas and creative input are crucial. You
must first consider various ideas for the show, depending on the type
of radio show you will be producing. Whether it is sports, music,
factual, or any other type of radio, having good ideas to begin with is
critical. The way you set up your show can influence your ideas.
 Production: The recording of your production is known as
production. This is where all of your hard work from the pre-
production stage pays off. Obviously, the Production phase entails a
great deal as well. You must understand shot composition and how
to frame a good shot, as well as lighting, audio, and much more.
 Post production: Post-production is where you get to see your idea
start to take shape visually. "Editing" is a more common term for
"Post-Production." This is where you start piecing together your
storyline, correcting any errors that occurred during the production
process, adding professional graphics, colour correcting, adjusting
audio levels, inserting video or images to explain what someone is
saying on camera, and so on. The satisfaction of seeing your idea
come together comes from editing.

14
Q2. Differentiate between a recorded and a live show.
A2. Because there are no "second chances" in live radio, there is a risk of
production errors when creating a programme or a feature. Live production,
on the other hand, is less expensive than recorded production and is
sometimes easier and faster.
Recorded productions allow for quality control and supervision. In the case
of pre-recorded features, the programmes are first recoded. Post-production
and editing are done at a later date. This is an attempt to improve the
production value and quality of the film while recording or producing it.
This can be combined with the live production method in some cases. Parts
or segments of a show can also be pre-recorded, edited, and incorporated
into the production using live talent.
A pre-recorded feature, like other programme formats, presents facts about a
relevant topic or subject based on documentary evidence. To help illustrate
its theme, it may also include folk song, poetry, and fictional drama.

Q3. What is the importance of music and sound effects in radio?

A3. In a radio programme, sound effects provide context and a sense of
place. It gives a programme more realism and encourages listeners to use
their imagination. The circumstances of a dramatic audio situation are
described by sound effects. Setting and place, conveying action, solving
certain narrative problems, and evoking characteristics are all examples of
how they can be used. Effects should sound as if they're coming from the
character's ears. Dubbing adds additional sound effects or combines
disparate sounds.
Sound effects can be used in two ways:
1. Spot effects or effects that are created as we speak 
2. Recorded sound effect
Catergories of Sound effects
a) Ambience: It gives a sense of place, "where," and possibly time,
"when," events take place.
b) Discrete effects: Individual events are indicated by the words
"what," "how," and "how much."
c) Crowds: Sounds of a large group of people in a crowded
environment, with no discernible voices or words.

15
 d) Dialogue: The dialogue is also clear. The tone of the character's
voice says a lot about who he or she is. Accentuate the vocal
contrast.
e) Silence: A dramatic element.

Q4. What are the emerging trends in the radio industry?

A4. Few emerging trends in the radio industry are as follows
1. As the face of your brand, cultivate and highlight talent.
Concentrate your marketing efforts on high-rated morning shows. In
the afternoons, especially in busy markets, develop a personality
benchmark.
Seek out new talent from podcasters and YouTube and put them on
the air live or recorded the next day. Continue to provide intern
programmes as a way to find new talent.
2. Emphasize local.
The importance of local content on radio continues to grow among
listeners. Make sure your local content is relevant to your target
market. For listeners to be interested, it must be A- or at least B-level
content.
3. Visualize your show
Listeners now want to see their favourite radio personalities perform
live on-air and get a glimpse into their personal lives via video.
Improve your live-streaming abilities for Instagram and Facebook
Live. Consider Twitch TV if your show is extremely popular or if
you have a newer show with a growing cult following. Shooting
videos with the potential to go viral is still important for growing
your brand.
4. Repurpose more content
Airing your best content more frequently, just like rotating power
songs with high frequency score ratings, wins! Only about ten
percent of your audience will hear one priceless segment. Repurpose
A-level morning or afternoon show content in all dayparts of the
station imaging.

16
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF EACH
QUESTIONS
Q1. In the first question, I learned about radio production, how to
plan before the telecast show.
Q2. In the second question, I learned about the difference
between recorded and live shows. In both have a lot of different
live show is cheaper but have risks because you can't change
mistake whether the recorded show is costly but doesn't have any
risk because you can change the mistakes.
Q3. In the third question, I learned about the importance of music
and sounds in radio. Whether it's life or anything without music
anything, is nothing. Music and sounds are important for shows.
It gives some ideas about the shows and shows emotions.
Q4. The fourth question is new for me. After a lot of study and
research, this concept is not cleared and I have a lot of doubts
about this question.

17
18