Khulna University of Engineering & Technology

Experiment No: 03

Name of the Experiment:

Study on Multiphase Weaving Machine.

Remark:

Date of Performance: 21-04-2021 Name: Naimul Hasan

Date of Submission: 05-06-2021 Roll: 1621060

Year: 4th

Term: 2nd
 Department of Textile Engineering, KUET

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Multiple weft insertion, advanced drives propel weaving machines to new heights of productivity
and efficiency. It wasn’t so long ago that uniformly green, clacking, creaking, fly-shuttle looms
lined the weave rooms of American textile mills in seemingly endless columns, pounding out
yard upon yard of fabric in a laborious, raucous process that substituted sheer volume for
efficiency. The United States can credit these looms, along with the furnaces of Pittsburgh and
the assembly lines of Detroit, for its ascendancy to the pinnacle of world economic power. Those
were days of high adventure in American textiles. Every now and again, a shuttle deviated from
its assigned mission of weft insertion, escaped the shed and was launched on an uncontrolled
flight across the weave room, providing perhaps the first definition of projectile weaving. Those
also were the days when America’s staple product was borne from the take-up rolls on the backs
of broad-shouldered cloth doffers, and loom fixers resembled automotive mechanics more than
computer technicians. Quiet, relatively vibration-free machines, automated processes, and speeds
in excess of 1,000 picks per minute might well have been the subjects of science fiction novels.
Then, some bright engineer decided to take a look at the method of weft insertion and well,
suffice it to say that things changed. A weaver transported from a 1960s greige mill wouldnt
recognize the smooth, svelte machines at modern plants today. But, more to the point, a weaver
from an early 1990s environment might find himself equally as lost in the weave room of 2001.A
number of companies have new offerings in weaving machines, and most claim their products
herald the dawn of a new era in fabric production. Multi-Phase Weaving With Sulzer’s
M8300Sulzer Textile, Switzerland, has taken the concept of high-speed weft insertion a step
further with the introduction of its multi-phase weaving machine, the M8300.

M8300 is a multiphase air-jet weaving machine in which 4 picks are inserted simultaneously.
The M8300 multi-phase weaving machine produces simple, standard fabrics with an extremely
high weft insertion rate. The three priorities in this revolutionary development were performance
potential, ecology and economy. Even at market launch, its performance was three to four times
that of a modern air-jet weaving machine. The performance of the M8300 is far superior to other
weaving machines The M8300 produces simple standard fabrics with extremely high weft-
insertion rates. Special emphasis has been placed on producing fabrics with this machine that

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meet the high quality standards set today. This has been convincingly achieved by the
elimination of insertion faults and creating the basic requirements for uniform fabric appearance.

Sulzer Textil M8300 is the result of a development strategy focused on performance potential,
ecology and economy. Even in the development stage the multi-phase weaving machine already
surpassed by far the performance of any other contemporary air-jet weaving machine. As the
weft is inserted continuously without interruption and at an even pull-off speed of only 20-25
m/s, the stress on the yarn is significantly reduced. These points to potential for further
performance boost in the future.

2.0 OBJECTIVE
From this experiment we will learn about these objectives

 To know about M8300 multi-phase loom.

3.0 FEATURE

1. The M8300 multiphase weaving machine is the most cost efficient of all weaving systems.

2. The advantages of the multiphase machine make their full impact when warp densities remain

unaltered for a prolonged period.

3. Printing ground fabric, bed linen, work apparel, light denim styles can be produced in this

machine.

4. Warp density of 114 ends/ inch or 45 ends/cm can be produced in this machine and yarn count

8-40 Ne. 

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 Department of Textile Engineering, KUET

5. The M8300 will be used wherever 25- 30 % lower production cost as compare to single phase air

jet machines.

6. M8300 was used exclusively for staple fibre yarns count range 14.5- 70 tex (8- 40

Ne).Filament yarn can also be woven in range of 50 to 330 dtex.

7. With the weft insertion rate up to 2800 picks per/ min (5400 m/min) are possible meaning that

up to 1500 linear meter of printing ground fabric can be produced daily.

8. Based on practical observation, it is known that a complete style change on M8300 is possible in

less the 3 hrs.

4.0 MECHANISM/WORKING PRINCIPLE

The M8300 is based on the multilinear shed principle as shown in Figure 1. Several sheds,
arranged in warp direction, one behind the other and in parallel, are opened across the entire
weaving width. A filling yarn is inserted into each of these open sheds simultaneously; as a
result, four picks are inserted at the same time. If each filling is inserted at a speed of 1250
m/min, the filling insertion rate is 5000 m/ min.

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 Department of Textile Engineering, KUET

Figure 1: Working Principle of M8300 Multiphase Weaving Machine

4.1 SHED FORMATION

The warp ends pass over the rotating weaving rotor; the sheds are formed consecutively on its
circumference by shed forming elements (Figure 2). The curvature and motion of the rotor
causes the shed forming elements to open the sheds one after another. By minimal movements of
the warp positioners (only a few millimeters) the warp ends are positioned such that they are
either picked up by the shed forming elements and form the upper shed, or remain in the lower
shed position (Figure 2). Each warp yarn is inserted individually into the eye of a warp
positioner. The warp positioners are located close to the rotor and axially parallel to it. The
number of warp positioners needed depends on the warp density; due to their extremely low
mass and short stroke, they can move at very high speed. This is a key precondition for the
performance potential of the M8300. Because the motion sequence of the warp positioners is
controllable, the M8300 is capable of producing a variety of simple standard fabrics. Figure2
shows the side view of the shed geometry.

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Figure 2: Shed Formation of M8300 Multiphase Weaving Machine

4.2 FILLING INSERTION

The second function of the shed forming elements on the weaving rotor is to form a filling
channel. The filling is inserted into this channel by low pressure compressed air over the full
width of the fabric. Relay nozzles are integrated in the shed-forming elements at regular
intervals.

The four filling yarns are drawn from stationary bobbins by metering rollers, simultaneously and
at a constant speed. This speed is a function of the filling insertion rate and the weaving width. It
is controlled by the speed of the metering rollers. The yarn velocity is around 20 m/s at an
insertion rate of 5000 m/min.

The simultaneous insertion of four fillings onto a moving rotor necessitates several technical
innovation. The yarn feeder subunit is concentrically fitted to the rotor and takes on the function

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 Department of Textile Engineering, KUET

of yarn distribution for the constantly fed filling yarns. The filling processing unit consists of two
concentrically arranged disks that include a multichannel system. The yarns being transported
with air leave the guiding channels in a synchronized sequence in order to enter the
corresponding filling channel. The filling yarn controller also serves as the main nozzle. The
yarn clamp and the cutter are located between filling processing and the filling channels. The
clamp stops the yarn and the rotating main cutter cuts every inserted filling yarn.

During filling insertion, each yarn tip performs a screw motion as a result of longitudinal
movement of the yarn and the constant rotation of the weaving rotor (Figure 3). On the receiving
side, arrival of the filling yarn is detected by an electronically controlled filling yarn detector. If a
weft yarn is not inserted completely, the machine stops to facilitate the removal of the residual
weft yarn. Additional necessary interventions to repair mispicks are signaled to the weaver via a
terminal, whereby the movements necessary on the machine side are executed automatically. If
yarn breakages occur in the area between the threading tube over the packages and the weft
feeder, the machine repairs them automatically.

Figure 3: Filling Insertion of M8300 Multiphase Weaving Machine

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 Department of Textile Engineering, KUET

4.3 FILLING BEAT-UP AND SELVAGE MOTION

Beat-up combs located on the weaving rotor between the rows of shed forming elements perform
the function of the conventional reed (Figure 4). The lower shed, which rises after insertion of
the filling, lifts the filling out of the filling channel over the entire weaving width. The beat-up
comb behind the filling then catches up with it and beats it up. The selvages are critical for
further processing of a fabric. At present, the selvages formed on the M8300 are of standard leno
type. No auxiliary selvages are required, neither at the insertion nor at the receiving side.

Figure 4: Filling Beat-Up and Selvage Motion of M8300 Multiphase Weaving Machine

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4.4 YARN PATH DIAGRAM

Figure 5: Yarn Path Diagram of M8300 Multiphase Weaving Machine

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5.0 DISCUSSION

The M8300 multi-phase weaving machine produces simple, standard fabrics with an extremely
high weft insertion rate. M8300 is a multiphase air-jet weaving machine in which 4 picks are
inserted simultaneously. So it is important to study the M8300 multiphase weaving machine. In
this experiment, we have learned about the M8300 multiphase weaving machine properly and
efficiently. We have also studied about the different parts and functions that are associated with
the M8300 multiphase weaving machine. We have studied about the weft yarn path diagram
through the cone package to the weaving zone. We have also studied the advantages of M8300
multiphase weaving machine in comparison to other looms. We have also informed about the
features of M8300 multiphase weaving machine in depth. We have also identified the yarn path
diagram of M8300 multiphase weaving machine in this study. Overall we can say that, we have
achieved our objectives from this study and now have a better understanding about the M8300
multiphase weaving machine.

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 Department of Textile Engineering, KUET

6.0 CONCLUSION

In this experiment we have learned about the M8300 multiphase weaving machine. Compared to
the conditions of single phase weaving, the stresses acting on warp and filling yarns are
fundamentally different. The typical characteristics of the load dynamics are principally
comparable to those of known weaving procedures. Differences in filling are mostly in stress
level; the differences in warp are related to frictional stress, filling beat-up technique and fabric
guidance. Compared to single phase weaving, the stress acting on the filling yarn is basically
lower due to the lower yarn speeds (Figure 6). So this experiment will help us in future to
operate M8300 multiphase weaving machine.

Figure 6: Weft insertion rate of M8300 Multiphase Weaving Machine & Air jet machine

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