History of Philosophy for its own sake, and not for the sake of

Mythology some other knowledge. (Philosophy is

Cosmogony “ultimate” knowledge in the natural level with
Theologies of the poet regard to both theoretical and practical
reasons).
DEFINITION OF PHILOSOPHY
Philosophy is the knowledge or study of Why we need to study the philosophy?
all things through their ultimate causes, In studying the philosophy is not just we
acquired through the use of reason. wanted to exceed to the subject itself but
- Means capacity to reason in order to the mere fact that when we are studying
have a systematic disciplined – orderly the philosophy it needs our sincerity to
and sincere knowledge in order to quest for the truth, (we must be always
know the causes of all realities. hungry or thirsts for searching the truth until
we find the real meaning of it). And to deal
Philosophy = 2 Greek words with philosophy is to gain understanding
- “Philia” = love to everything that happen around us.
- “Sophia” = wisdom (For the reason that it is a never-ending
 Love of wisdom=thinker/wise men search for the truth and the causes of
 Origin (Pythagoras) = a philosopher or everything).
lover of wisdom
 Cicero = Plato’s student “Love wisdom and always search for
-traced the development of the title to truth”
Plato’s disciple.  For when you love wisdom you
 Heraclitus Ponticus = provided the have always a desire to find the
difference between wisdom as ultimate causes of everything by
philosophy and wise men as that you start to philosophizing not
philosopher. just thinking of it is required
 Wisdom: is a knowledge that is primarily because we have no choice to
gained through good and bad experience study philosophy but rather you
 “A wise man may not be necessarily called as fell in love to philosophy and the
a philosopher but the philosopher is wisdom beyond everything.
automatically called a wise man.”
 The philosophy gives or provides us correct  EVOLUTION OF KNOWLEDGE
understanding in the way we think and act.  Begin with WONDER
 Philosophical it means there must be a reason  Human beings are rational beings has
for everything. a “capacity to reason” and have a
desire to know and search for
The term “Philosophy” comes from Greek, something unknown.
and it means “love of wisdom.” And then, in  We are inquisitive (curious) and we
the Ancient tradition the Greek thinkers ask so many questions to find the
(Pythagoras) wanted to called themselves a ultimate causes of everything.
“wise men.” Because they are simply a “lover
of wisdom” or “philosopher.” 1. Theoretical Knowledge (theory or hypothesis)
- An act knowing for the sake of
Why “lover of wisdom?” knowing to satisfy the intellect.
“Because for one who seeks wisdom for 2. Profound knowledge (trying to verify)
its sake and not for any other motive - Quest before the truth
loves’ wisdom; a person who seeks - Verifying which is true and which not
something from other motive loves that among those gathered information
motive more than the thing sought.” 3. Spontaneous Knowledge (platonic idea) or
(innate idea, it means natural or inborn).
Hence, we see that philosophy, strictly - Stocked or restored knowledge
speaking, is knowledge sought purposely important in our mind
 4. Practical knowledge (theory or practice) about reality, that is, a knowledge that goes
- Application of innate idea beyond spontaneous knowledge and the
knowledge attained by the arts, and particular
The Human being possesses a “KEEN as well as technical science.
DESIRE TO KNOW.”  PROFOUND KNOWLEDGE:
 (Keen: a sense of highly developed ), something that is very deep or
that leads him to seek the causes of having an intellectual depth and
events or happenings. insight from something.
“it is connatural (inborn) to man a keen Example: A dictionary, when I have a
desire.” profound or deep knowledge about
o meaning man have the capacity to dictionary, I cannot see the dictionary as a
deal with his environment and to book or set of words of a language
know something that he will learn providing their meaning or something that
from past experience and gain is displayable in one place, but rather the
some lessons and to look for his importance of dictionary in studying a
answer to question that happen to subject for me to gain knowledge and
him and that answer he gets information so that I can understand and
frequently give rise to further may use it in my daily life.
questions.
 SPONTANEOUS KNOWLEDGE:
Example: Mga bagay na hindi pa natin alam at gusto done or said in a natural and
natin itong malaman at matutuhan. often sudden way and without a
lot of thought or planning
His search for the knowledge is induced ( give
 Basic knowledge about something.
rise) by “theoretical considerations”
Example: Again, a dictionary for me a
meaning: In your mind you know
dictionary is a book and contain set of
something but you do not know how do
words and their meanings. Period no
it* (knowing for the sake of knowing, to
explanations.
satisfy the demands of his intellect).
“In philosophy we search for the profound
Example: “I want to swim but I don’t
knowledge about reality.”
know how to swim.”
2. PHILOSOPHY AND ORDINARY KNOWLEDGE
As well as “Practical reasons”
meaning: it is the practical knowledge, A certain knowledge about reality including
here you applied in the real life the the ultimate truths that are the object of
theoretical consideration that you know philosophy such as the existence of God, the
for you to be able to act with moral immorality of human soul, the principles of
uprightness (the need for knowledge in order the natural law, can be attained or reach by
to act with moral uprightness or with technical the human intellect in a natural way, even
efficiency). without any scientific study as long as the
 Theoretical is basically thinking. reason is used correctly.
 Practical is basically the action.
Philosophy DOES NOT do away with
 A key to Understand: spontaneous knowledge. Rather, in agreement
A person’s keen desire to know, on the and continuity with spontaneous knowledge,
theoretical level, is yearning for truth, to philosophy studies all about the realities in a
which the human being is naturally scientific way, (scientific way is acquiring
inclined through intellect. (A person needs knowledge about the world based on asking and
to find an answer). answering questions, make detailed observations
to try to ask more specific questions and develop a
When we use the term “philosophy” we refer hypothesis using tools and instrument but
to the search for a Profound knowledge philosophy does not acquire the use of tools or
 instrument because in philosophy uses only a  Philosophy goes beyond the arts.
natural capacity to think),  taking into account  Philosophy seeks explanations based on
their nature and their foundation. knowledge of causes.
 Philosophy also comes from sense experience.
Philosophy basing itself on spontaneous
knowledge, perfects this knowledge by  Through art, we get to know the reason
striving for greater precision (the quality, behind some things. – through the use of
condition, or fact of being exact and logic.
accurate), in making distinctions or  But, Philosophy as science, is different from
clarifications. the so-called particular sciences. (Geology,
Psychology, Ecology, Chemistry, Astronomy,
Does philosophy contradictory to the Biology, Physics).
spontaneous knowledge?  We need to estate moreover that philosophical
No! Philosophy should never contradict knowledge is attained through the natural
spontaneous knowledge, since scientific power of reason.
thinking is carried out with the same  Philosophy must go into the study of all kinds
knowing faculties and start from the of knowledge; that is why it is the first and
same evident truths shared by all human universal science.
beings.
To try to make philosophy “start from
scratch” as if no valid previous knowledge
existed about something, would not be  DEFINITION OF PHILOSOPHY
legitimate.  In general, we can state what philosophy is by
A correct spontaneous knowledge not means of the following definitions:
identical to general agreement among  “Philosophy is the knowledge of all things
particular groups of people, which can be through their ultimate causes, acquired
imbued (inspire or permeate with) with through the use of reason.”
prejudices (not base on reason) is necessary for  Philosophy studies all things; All aspects of
philosophy. To turn away from a correct reality can be the object of reality of
knowledge of reality. philosophical study, since one can seek their
ultimate or most profound causes.
Rene Descartes affirm that to proceed  “through its ultimate causes” – that is, by
rigorously (inflexibly to a belief, opinion, or way seeking the deepest explanations regarding the
of doing something), philosopher must doubt, existence and the nature of beings.
tentatively doubting everything (it is a  “acquired through the use of reason” – it
universal doubt it means, the state of suspension shows that philosophy has a natural scope. It
of positive judgment on any and every truth), all seeks the ultimate explanations that can be
knowledge and begin from zero, proving arrived at by applying reasoning to facts
everything from the very beginning. supplied by experience.
 Philosophy possesses a metaphysical
Indeed, the philosopher should study in depth character (beyond physical) it is a kind of
the reasons behind everything, but in order to knowledge that leads one to explanations
do, he should make use of common based on causes beyond sensible reality.
knowledge and basically acknowledge the
value it has. Otherwise, he will not be able to  PHILOSOPHY as “world view”
reason out. - Philosophy is knowledge that is
connatural to man.
- The study of Philosophy undoubtedly
3. SPECULATIVE SCIENCES, PRACTICAL requires efforts, and understandably
SCIENCES, AND THE ARTS entails difficulties.
  The wisdom is certain among the sciences
 PHILOSOPHY AS WISDOM since it reaches the first principles of beings.
- The desire for knowledge is something  Wisdom is also science, since science is the
natural to man. knowledge of truths attain by means of
- The wisdom enables us to discover the demonstration, starting from some principles.
meaning of our life and to act in  Metaphysics is both sciences and wisdom at
upright way. the same time.
- Ignorance, (Absence of wisdom) in
contrast is the source of dis order and
errors in behavior which prevent him
from attaining happiness.  PHILOSOPHY AS SCIENCE
 The difference between IGNORANCE and
INNOCENCE - Philosophy is a science
- Science is a “certain knowledge
Ignorance Innocence through causes” philosophy can truly
be considered as science.
 Ignorance means  Innocence means - Science is knowledge attain by way of
you could know you’re unable to demonstration, starting from some
but choose not know something. Or principles, philosophy is truly science
to. (you have the you are not aware since it attains knowledge in the same
capacity to learn). of something. (you manner.
are totally unfamiliar
Ex. a nationalistic adult to some degree).
is perfectly capable of
educating themselves Ex. a young child who
but chooses not to, and doesn’t understand that
is thus guilty of there are lots of different
ignorance. cultures in the world, all
different but none inferior
to another, is innocent
because they cannot possess
that knowledge. 

Note: Please! Do not copy or use my examples

above. Make your own as it is.

 One can attain true wisdom without studying

philosophy.
- Yes, by spontaneous metaphysics of
ordinary knowledge.
 The term “wise man” is usually applied to a
person who has a certain and well-founded
knowledge of the deepest truths.
- We can define wisdom in general term
as a certain knowledge of the deepest
causes of everything.
 In the natural lever or capacity of man, the
most perfect wisdom is attained through
metaphysics.
- Because metaphysics studies the
deepest causes of reality.