8

NOT

SCIENCE
Quarter 2 - Module 6
Meteor Showers
Science – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 6: Meteor Showers
First Edition, 2020

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 8

Science
Quarter 2 - Module 6
Meteor Showers
This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About .................................................................................................... i

What I Need to Know ............................................................................................................. i
How to Learn from this Module ............................................................................................. .ii
Icons of this Module .............................................................................................................. .ii
What I Know ......................................................................................................................... .iii

Lesson: 1
Occurrence of Meteor Showers …………………………………..1
What’s In: Activity 1- Define Me! ...................…………………………………….…...1
What I Need to Know …………………………………………………………………. 1
What’s New: Activity 2 – What’s on Me? …………………………………………….2
Activity 3 –Locate Me! …….……………………………………………3
Activity 4 – What Am I? ………………………………………………...4
What Is It …………………………………………………………………………………..5
What’s More : Activity 5 – Read and Answer ………………………………………….8
Activity 6 – Draw and Explain ………………………………………….9
What I Have Learned……………………………………………………………………..10
What I can Do: Activity 7 – The Meteor Shower ………………………………………10

Summary ............................................................................................................................. 11
Assessment: (Post-Test) .................................................................................................... 12
Key to Answers ................................................................................................................... 13
References…. ..................................................................................................................... 14
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About
Meteor showers occur when dust or particles from asteroids or comets enter Earth's
atmosphere at very high speed. When they hit the atmosphere, meteors rub against air
particles and create friction, heating the meteors. The heat vaporizes most meteors, creating
what we call shooting stars.

Meteor showers occur annually or at regular intervals as the Earth passes through
the trail of dusty debris left by a comet. Meteor showers are usually named after a star or
constellation that is close to where the meteors appear in the sky. Perhaps the most famous
are the Perseids, which peak in August every year. Every Perseid meteor is a tiny piece of
the comet Swift-Tuttle, which swings by the Sun every 135 years.

Approximately 30 meteor showers occur each year that are visible to observers on
Earth. Some of these showers have been around longer than 100 years.

Source: (NASA All Sky Fireball Network)

What I Need to Know

After going through this module you should be able to:

1. Explain the regular occurrence of meteor showers.
2. Draw an illustration of a meteor shower
3. Appreciate the beauty of meteor shower in the night sky.

i
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
Knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

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 What I Know

Direction: For each item, encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. A meteor shower occurs when ____________________________.

A. a meteor is about to get married
B. the earth passes through the asteroid belt
C. the head of a comet hits the earth’s atmosphere
D. the earth passes through a swarm of dust particles in space, the remnants of a
comet, once a year
2. What causes a meteor shower?
A. Pockets of hydrogen and helium gas trapped within the solar system
B. Remnants of broken – up comets
C. Remnants of broken – up asteroids
D. The break – up of man-made satellites falling back into Earth’s atmosphere
3. What are meteor showers?
A. Dying star
B. Glowing debris in the Earth's atmosphere.
C. An eruption of rocks and dust in the sky.
D. Rocks from space found on Earth.
4. Approximately how many meteor showers occur each year?
A. 60 meteor showers C. 20 meteor showers
B. 10 meteor showers D. 30 meteor showers
5. Meteor showers occur only on Earth.
A. True B. False
6. What is the name of the most visible meteor shower which occurs every August?
A. Geminids B. Leonids C. Perseids D. Eta Aquarids
7. Meteor showers are named after the _________________________.
A. Month in which they occur.
B. Individual who discovered it.
C. Constellation which they appear to be falling from.
D. Roman gods.
8. What is it called when a meteor shower has a frequency of at least one meteor per
second?
A. Meteor storm C. The end of the world
B. Meteor shower D. Meteor outburst
9. What is the common name for random meteor storms (not annual meteor showers)?
A. Meteor flash C. heavy meteor storm
B. Surprise meteor shower D. meteor outburst
10. What do you call the brief glow behind a meteor?
A. Wake B. Flash C. afterglow D. trail

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 Lesson
1 Occurrence of Meteor Shower

What’s In

Activity 1 – Define Me!

Direction: In the table below, give a short definition on the pictures/words given.

1. Meteor

https://www.google.com/search?q=meteor&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa
=X&ved=2ahUKEwiO8qSEqTqAhWF7WEKHbmvBA0Q_AUoAXoEC
BQQAw&biw=1366&bih=667#imgrc=4xPQfS3dA8IccM

2. Meteor Showers

https://www.google.com/search?q=meteor+shower&source=lnms&t
bm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiZ65KF16HqAhWUc3AKHQh0A
qMQ_AUoAXoECBIQAw&biw=1366&bih=618#imgrc=19hTFD5
SMFKLzM

What I Need to Know?

Objective:
1. Students must be able to explain the regular occurrence of meteor showers.

1
 What’s New?

Activity 2 – What’s on Me?

Direction: Give 4 descriptions of meteor showers. Present your answer in a concept map as
shown below.

Meteor
Showers

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Activity 3. Locate Me!
Direction: Draw a diagram representing the Earth, the atmosphere, and the space.
Then show where meteor showers are mostly occur /found in the diagram. Use the
symbol for Meteor Shower and answer the guide questions.

Guide Question:
1. How often do Meteor showers occur?
2. What is the most likely cause of a meteor shower?

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Activity 4 –What Am I?
Direction: Write down below at least 4 characteristics of Meteor / Meteor Showers. You may
do additional research to complete the task.

https://www.google.com/search?q=meteor+showers&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwigwOT446HqAhVK7ZQKHZFwCToQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=meteor+showers&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIHCAAQsQMQQzICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggA
MgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADoECAAQQzoFCAAQsQNQyOsLWJb-
C2DE_wtoAHAAeACAAYIBiAHwBpIBAzAuN5gBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1n&sclient=img&ei=oB73XqDwM
Mra0wSR4aXQAw&bih=618&biw=1366#imgrc=XVkwo7qK_eYrlM

CHARACTERISTICS

__________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
______________

__________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
______________

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 What is it?

Meteor Shower
A meteor shower is a celestial event in which a number of meteors are observed to
radiate from one point in the night sky. A meteor shower occurs when the Earth intersects a
comet's path and moves through the stream of debris and dust emitted by the comet. The
meteors in a shower appear to originate from one area of the sky called the radiant. The
meteor shower is usually named after the constellation in which the radiant lies. Meteor
shower occurs at the same time each year. Common meteor shower results in ten to fifty
meteors per hour. Typically the best time to observe is in the early morning.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_shower,

https://www.google.com/search?q=meteor+shower&source=lnms&tbm=isch https://www.google.com/search?q=meteor+shower&source=lnms&tbm=isch
&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiZ65KF16HqAhWUc3AKHQh0AqMQ_AUoAXoE &sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiZ65KF16HqAhWUc3AKHQh0AqMQ_AUoAXoE
CBIQAw&biw=1366&bih=618#imgrc=dwrSkg2U2s9zwM CBIQAw&biw=1366&bih=618#imgrc=OjyaSFz8U9muUM

Figure 1. Meteor Shower

Meteor showers occur when dust or particles from asteroids or comets enter Earth's
atmosphere at very high speed. When they hit the atmosphere, meteors rub against air
particles and create friction, heating the meteors. The heat vaporizes most meteors, creating
what we call shooting stars.

While there are stray bits of stuff hitting Earth from all directions, there also are
regularly timed "meteor showers" when astronomers can make better predictions about how
many meteors will hit the Earth, and from what direction. The key difference is that meteor
showers occur when the Earth plows into the trail of particles left behind by a comet or
asteroid. Depending on where the trail of particles falls in a particular year, meteor showers
can be more or less intense.

Astronomers sometimes even find new meteor showers, such as the case of the
Camelopardalids in 2014. Initial predictions put the shower at up to 200 meteors per hour,
but in reality, it ended up being a quiet shower for amateur astronomers. The shower
became active after the debris trail of Comet 209P/LINEAR intersected with Earth. (The
debris trail of comets can shift because of the influence of Jupiter, or other reasons.)

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 Most meteors become visible at around 60 miles (96.5 kilometers) up. Some large
meteors splatter, causing a brighter flash called a fireball, which can often be seen during
the day and heard up to 30 miles (48 km) away. On average, meteors can speed through the
atmosphere at about 30,000 mph (48,280 kph) and reach temperatures of about 3,000
degrees Fahrenheit (1,648 degrees Celsius).

Most meteors are very small, some as tiny as a grain of sand, so they disintegrate in
the air. Larger ones that reach the Earth's surface are called meteorites and are rare.
Whether an object breaks apart depends on its composition, speed and angle of entry. A
faster meteor at an oblique angle (slanting rather than straight-on) suffers greater stress.
Meteors made of iron withstand the stress better than those of stone. Even an iron meteor
will usually break up as the atmosphere becomes denser, around 5 to 7 miles up.
Source: Space.com Staff

What Causes a Meteor Shower?

Meteor showers occur when the earth in its orbit around the Sun passes through
debris left over from the disintegration of comets. Although the earth's orbit around the Sun
is almost circular, most comets travel in orbits that are highly elongated ellipses. As a result,
some comets have orbits that intersect or partially overlap the earth's path.

Because a comet's nucleus is made up of a combination of icy materials and loosely

consolidated "dirt," when a comet is heated by passing close to the Sun, it more or less
slowly disintegrates, producing the visible tail. The rocky debris, consisting of mostly sand-
size particles, continues in an elongated orbit around the Sun close to that of its parent
comet. When the earth intersects this orbit in its annual trip, it can run into this debris, which
burns up on entry into the earth's atmosphere, producing a visible shower of meteors.

Meteor showers associated with particular comet orbits occur at about the same time
each year, because it is at those points in the earth's orbit that the collisions occur. However,
because some parts of the comet's path are richer in debris than others, the strength of a
meteor shower may vary from one year to the next. Typically a meteor shower will be
strongest when the earth crosses the comet's path shortly after the parent comet has
passed.

Source: Scientific American

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Why do meteor showers occur about the same time every year?

Meteor showers occur only when the Earth’s orbit intersects that of a specific comet,
and those intersections occur at fixed intervals.

The Leonid meteors take place when the Earth intersects the orbit of Comet
55P/Tempel-Tuttle, and the Perseid meteors happen when the Earth intersects the orbit of
Comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle. It may be helpful to imagine all those diagrams we saw in science
class of the solar system from above the plane of the planets. The Earth's orbit was drawn in
as an almost complete circle. A comet orbit was often drawn in as a long, elegant ellipse. If
we imagine the meteor shower occurs when the orbit of the Earth intersects the comet’s
orbit, we can see that these showers would not only occur at the same time each year, but
also that their duration would be very short. Keep in mind that it is very rare for the orbit of
any body in space to intersect the orbit of the Earth. There are hundreds of known short-
period comets, and only a handful of meteor showers.

Source: Timothy B. Spahr

Astronomer, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observator

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 What’s More

Read and Answer

Activity 5 – How are Meteor Shower Occur?
Objective: After performing this activity, you must be able to:
1. Explain the occurrence of meteor showers.
Procedure: Read the following selection below and answer the questions as you go along.

It’s a cool night, and you look up at the

stars twinkling and serene in the dark sky. Then
No! It’s a
a light streaks across the sky and is gone.
meteor “Wow, a shooting star,” you think. “A meteor.
Wait...or is it a Meteor Shower?”.
Look, it’s a Source:(Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.)
shooting star! A shooting star is another name for a meteor.
But the truth is: a meteor is not a star at all. A
meteor is a light phenomenon or a streak of
light that occurs when a meteoroid burns up as
it enters Earth’s atmosphere A meteor shower
https://www.google.com/search?q=children+looking+at+meteor+shower&source=lnms&t is a celestial event in which a number of
bm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjR78qS16HqAhURc3AKHYRUAKEQ_AUoAXoECA4
QAw&biw=1366&bih=618#imgrc=IhPBiQbkEnb2CM meteors are observed to radiate from one point
in the night sky. (G8 LM)

Q1. What is a meteor? Meteor shower?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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A meteor shower occurs when a number of

meteors flash seem to radiate (or shoot out from)
the same point in the sky. They are usually named
for the constellation in which their radiant
appears. The meteoroids in a shower usually
___________________________________________________________________
come from the trail of debris left behind by a comet.
___________________________________________________________________
In the case of the Geminids and Quadrantids,
___________________________________________________
those meteor showers come from the debris
scatted by orbiting asteroids. When Earth’s orbit
intersects the dust trail, we see more meteors
flaring as the cometary debris encounters our
planet’s atmosphere.
https://www.google.com/search?q=meteor+shower&source=lnms&tbm=isch Source: https://space-facts.com/meteor-showers/
&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiZ65KF16HqAhWUc3AKHQh0AqMQ_AUoAXoE
CBIQAw&biw=1366&bih=618#imgrc=dwrSkg2U2s9zwM

Q2. What causes a meteor shower? How it occurs?

8
 What’s more?

Draw and Explain!

Activity 6: In a short bond paper, you are going to draw meteor showers and explain how it
occur.

Explain how it occurs:

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 What I Have Learned

Self-Test:

Answer briefly in your own idea what you have learned from this topic “Occurrence of Meteor
Shower”.

1. What is Meteor Shower?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. How does meteor shower occur?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

3. What happen during a meteor shower?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

What I can do?

Activity 7 – The Meteor Shower

Direction: In your activity notebook, write a short poem about meteor showers and follow the
following steps.

1. Focus on the topic

2. The poem contains creative details and/or descriptions.
3. Title is creative, sparks interest and is related to the poem and topic.

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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Summary
Brief periods of heightened meteor activity often occur regularly in a particular part of
the sky at a particular time of year. Meteor showers are generally named after the
constellation in which they appear to originate; thus the Perseids appear to originate in the
constellation Perseus and the Leonids in the constellation Leo. The showers occur when the
Earth passes through a region having a greater than usual concentration of interplanetary
debris, such as particles left by a disintegrating comet, at certain points in its orbit. Although
the meteors enter the Earth’s atmosphere on parallel trajectories, perspective makes it
appear as if they originate from the same point in the sky, known as the radiant.

A meteor shower is a celestial event in which a number of meteors are observed to

radiate from one point in the night sky. These meteors are caused by streams of cosmic
debris called meteoroids entering Earth’s atmosphere at extremely high speeds on parallel
trajectories. Most meteors are smaller than a grain of sand, so almost all of them disintegrate
and never hit the Earth’s surface. Intense or unusual meteor showers are known as meteor
outbursts and meteor storms, which may produce greater than 1,000 meteors an hour.
Source: https://www.amsmeteors.org/meteor-showers/

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 Assessment (Post-Test)

Direction: For each item, encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Meteor showers result from dust trails left by ______________.

A. The Moon B. Asteroid C. Comet D. Meteor

2. During a meteor shower, meteors appear move outward from a point in the sky.
What is this called?
A. The Zenith B. The Radiant C. The Origin D. The Star

3. What is the best time to observe a meteor shower?

A. Early evening B. Late evening C. Early morning D. Late morning

4. The Perseids meteor shower occurs during ____________________.

A. Mid-January B. Mid-June C. Mid-August D. Mid-July

5. What is the meteor shower seen in November that produces a 'meteor storm' every 33
years?
A. Perseids meteor shower C. Orionids meteor shower
B. Leonids meteor shower D. Lyrids meteor shower

6. Which of the following meteor showers can be observed in December?

A. Lyrids meteor shower C. Geminids meteor shower
B. Orionids meteor shower D. Perseids meteor shower

7. What is the name given to meteor that reaches the earth?

A. Meteorite B. Meteoroid C. Asteroid D. Comet

8. What is a 'fireball”?
A. A meteor brighter than any planet or star
B. A meteor that explodes in the atmosphere
C. A meteor that reaches the earth
D. None of the above

9. Which of the following statement is CORRECT about meteors?

A. Meteor showers do not occur on other planets
B. Tektite is a type of meteoroid
C. A 'bolide' is a very bright meteor
D. A large rock

10. The 'zenith hourly rate' (ZHR) is the number of meteors observed during an hour, _____.
A. Crossing the zenith C. When the observer is looking at the zenith
B. When the shower is at the zenith D. None of the above

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Key to Answers

13
References
Adapted from Science – Grade 8 Learner’s Material. Unit 2 Module 3, Activity 1:
What Happens when a comet or an asteroid hits Earth. First Edition 2013.Department of
Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat (DedEd-IMCHS) Pasay City. Page154-
155

Adapted from Science – Grade 8 Learner’s Material Unit 2 Module 3, Activity 3:

Do Superstitions about comets, asteroids, and meteors have scientific basis?First Edition
2013 Department of Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat (DepEd-IMCHS)
Pasay City. Page 165-166

Adapted from Project EASE – First year Science Learner’s Module 17, Other Minor
Members of the Solar System.2010 Edition.Department of Education.Deped Complex,
Meralco Avenue, Pasig Avenue

Asteroids. Retrieved September 2, 2004 from http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov

Asteroids and Comets. Retrieved July 28, 2004 from http://www.uen.org/utahlink/activities

https://solarsystem.nasagov/planets/profile.cfm?objectmeteors
Space Object Differences from http://www.sciencekids.co.nz
www.rosssea.info/meteorites.html
www.scienceclarified.com/scitech/Comets-and-Asteroids/How-Asteroids-and-Comets.html
http://www.pibburns.com/catastro/meteors.htm
http://hubblesite.org/reference_desk/faq/answer.php.id=22&cat=solarsystem
http://cse.ssl.berkeley.edu/segwayed/lessons/cometstale/frame_place.html
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-fscj-introastronomy/chapter/meteoroids-meteors-and-
meteorites/
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/asteroids-comets-and-meteors/meteors-and-
meteorites/overview/?page=0&per_page=40&order=id+asc&search=&condition_1=meteor_s
hower%3Abody_type
https://www.britannica.com/story/whats-the-difference-between-a-solstice-and-an-equinox
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/meteoroid/
https://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/activities/findit/qmeteor.shtml
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5702f706f632dccf635b8188/astroids-meteors-and-comets
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/asteroids-comets-and-meteors/meteors-and-
meteorites/overview/?page=0&per_page=40&order=id+asc&search=&condition_1=meteor_s
hower%3Abody_type#resources_otp
https://www.space.com/15353-meteor-showers-facts-shooting-stars-skywatching-
sdcmp.html
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-causes-a-meteor-
show/#:~:text=Meteor%20showers%20occur%20when%20the,from%20the%20disintegratio
n%20of%20comets.&text=When%20the%20earth%20intersects%20this,a%20visible%20sh
ower%20of%20meteors.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/why-do-meteor-showers-occur-
about-the-same-time-every-year-and-other-questions-from-our-readers-101515683/
https://www.space.com/15353-meteor-showers-facts-shooting-stars-skywatching-
sdcmp.html
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For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway, Gingoog City
Telefax: 088 328 0108/ 088 328 0118
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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