Binar ySear ch:

Unl iket hel i

nears ear ch, wher eeachel ementoft hear rayi scompar edwi tht henumbert o
bes earched,bi nar ys ear cht echni quedoesnotcompar et henumbert obes earchedwi t
h
eachel ement .Hence,l inears ear chi sus edf ors mal lerar rayswher easbi nar ys earchi sus ed
forlar gear r
ays .
Thebi nar ys earcht echni quehasapr er equi sit
econdi ti
ont hatt heel ement soft hear r
ay
mus tbei nt hes or tedor der ,
pref erabl yt heas cendi ngor der.
Thi st echni quei ss imi l
art ot het echni queofs ear chi
ngawor df r
om adi cti
onar ywher e
eachwor dcannotbecompar ed.SEcondl y,t hewor dsi nt hedi ctionaryar eal phabet i
cal l
yin
sortedor der .
Thi st echni quei nvol vesdi vidingt hear rayr epeat edlyi nt wopar ts,
henceappr opr iatel
y
namedasbi nar ys ear ch.I tinvol vespos i
ti
onvar iabl esl,uandmi d.Initi
all
y,li splaceson0
wher easui spl acedondi m- 1.Thef ol l
owi ngs tepsar erepeat edlyper f
or medt i
lleitherwe
encount ert henumberorl anducr os seachot her .
1)calcul atet hemi dpos iti
onw. r.
t.cur rentl andupos i
tion.
2)Checki fthenumberi spr es entont hecal culat edmi dpos i
tion,i
ffound,pr intames s age,
updat eflagt o1andexi tf r
om t hel oopus i
ngbr eaks tat ement .
3)Ifnumberi snotpr es entont hemi dpos itionandnumberi sgr eaterthant hemi del ement ,
updat el tomi d+1t os ear chbel owmi d.
3)Ifnumberi snotpr es entont hemi dpos iti
onandnumberi slessthant hemi del ement ,
updat eut omi d-1t os ear chabovemi d.
Ifl anducr os seachot her ,wecanconcl udet hatt henumberi snotpr es entint hear ray.
TwoDi mens i
onal Ar r
ays
At wo di mens i
onalar r
ay i sa col l
ect ion ofel ement sofs imil
ardat at ype s tored in
cont i
guousmemor ylocat i
onbuts t
or edi nt er msofr owsandcol umns .
Thes ynt axf ordef iningat wodi mens ional arrayi sgivenbel ow
Synt ax:
dat atypenameof ar ray[ no. ofr ows ][
no. ofcol s];
Ex:
i
nta[ 3][4];
Whent heabovedecl arationi sexecut ed,s omewher ei nt hememor yat wodi mens i
onal
arrayof3r owsand4col umnsi screat ed. i
.e. Eachoft he3r owwi l
lcontain4col umns .Ther ow
andcol umnsar enumber edf r
om 0i ns teadof1 .Whenel ement sofat wodi mens ionalar r
ay
areacces sed,t heyar eacces sedi nr ow f as hion.i .
e.f oreachr ow oft hear ray,col umnsoft he
arrayar eacces sed. Eachel ement
ofthear rayi sref erredi nt er msofr owandcol umnpos iti
ons .
i
.e.nameof ar ray[ rowpos it
ion] [col pos iti
on] .Forexampl e,
a[i]
[j
] ,wher ei isr owpos iti
onandj iscol umnpos iti
on.
Mat ricesar ebes timpl ement edbyt heconceptof2Dar r
ays .