Topology

Multiple Choice Questions

School of Distance Education

1. If τ1 and τ2are two topologies on non-empty set X, then is topological space.

a. τ1 ∩ τ2
b. τ1 ∪ τ2
c. τ1 \τ2

2. Which of the following statements are true for a metric topology (X, d).
a. arbitrary intersection of open set is open
b. arbitrary union of closed set is closed
c. arbitrary union of open set is open

3. What is the closure of the set S = {1 + 1 : n ∈ N} in usual topology on R

a. (0,1)
b. [0,1]
c. (0,1]

4. An indiscrete topology has only elements

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3

5. Which of the following is true for discrete topology

a. complement of any set if open is open
b. every set is a open set
c. both (a) and (b)

6. Which of the following is true for discrete topology on X

a. the topology coincides with the power set P (X)
b. is stronger than usual topology on X
c. neither of (a) and (b)

7. Which of the following is true for a discrete topology on X

a. is stronger than usual topology on X
b. only convergent sequences in discrete space are sequences that are eventually
constant
c. both (a) and (b)

8. Suppose X is a finite set, then the coinfite topology on X coincides with

a. indiscrete topology
b. discrete topology
c. neither of (a) and (b)

9. Let X be a set with cofinite topology and xn be a sequence in X. Then xn is conver-

gent in X if and only if
a. there is atmost one term in xn that repeats infinitely
b. xn only has finitely many distinct terms
c. xn is eventually constant

10. For a set x, which among the following is the weakest topology that can be defined
 on X
a. cofinite topology
b. discrete topology
c. indiscrete topology

11. For a set x, which among the following is the strongest topology that can be defined
on X
a. cofinite topology
b. discrete topology
c. indiscrete topology
12. Let I1 and I2 be two topologies on X. Then I1 is said to be weaker than I2 if
a. every open set in I2 is also open in I1
b. every closed set in I2 is also closed in I1
c. every open set in I1 is also open in I2

13. Let τ1 and τ2 be usual topology and semi open interval topology on R respectively.
Then
a. τ1 is weaker than τ2
b. τ2 is weaker than τ1
c. They are not comparable

14. If A is closed in Y and Y is closed in X , then

a. A is closed in X
b. A need not be closed in X
c. A is open in X

15. If A is closed in X and B is closed in Y , then

a. A × B is open in X × Y
b. A × B is closed in X × Y
c. A × B can be open or closed in X × Y

16. If U is open in X and A is closed in X , then

a. U \ A is open in X
b. U \ A is closed in X
c. U \ A is both open and closed in X

17. If U is open in X and A is closed in X , then

a. A \ U is open in X
b. A \ U is closed in X
c. A \ U is both open and closed in X

18. Let A ⊂ X and B ⊂ Y .Then A × B = A × B in the space X Y

a. True
b. False
c. Cant say

19. Let (X, I) be a topological space. Then a subfamily B of I is called base for I if
a. every member of I can be expressed as finite union of some members of B
b. every member of I can be expressed as finite 1intersection of some members of B
c. every member of I can be expressed as union of some members of B
20. A topological space is said to be second countable if
a. it has a countable base
b. it has countable elements
c. it has a finite base
21. A family S of subsets of X is said to be sub base for a topology I on X if
a. every member of I can be expressed as union of some members of S
b. family of all finite intersections of S is a base for I
c. every member of I can be expressed as intersection of some members of S
22. Which among the following is a sub base for usual topology on R
a. open intervals of the form (a, −1) and (1, b) for a, b ∈ R
b. open intervals of the form [a, −1] and [1, b] for a, b ∈ R
c. open intervals of the form (a, ∞) and (−∞, b) for a, b ∈ R
23. Let X be a set and is a family of subset of X and be a topology on X generated
by . Then
a. is the base for
b. is the sub base for
c. neither (a) nor (b) is true
24. A space is said to be second countable if and only if
a. it has countable elements
b. it has countable sub base
c. either (a) or (b)
25. The diagonal ∆ = x x : x X is closed in X X if and only if
a. X is a T1 space
b. X is a compact space
c. X is a Hausdorff space
26. In the cofinite topology on R , to what point or points does the sequence xn = 1/n
converge?
a. 0
b. 1
c. almost every point in R
27. Let X and Y be topological spaces. Under which condition a function f : X Y is
said to be continuous
a. If and only if preimages of open sets are open
b. If open sets in X are mapped to open sets in Y
c. If closed sets in X are mapped to closed sets in Y
28. Let Y be a subset of X and be a topology on X. Then the subspace topology on
Y induced by is defined as
a. = V Y:V
b. = V Y : there exists U st V = U Y
c. none of the above
29. In a topological space, a set is closed if and only if it is not open.
a. True
b. False
30. The closure of a subset Y of a topological space is defined as the
a. union of all the closed set containing the subset Y
b. maximal closed set containing the subset Y
c. intersection of all the closed set containing the subset Y

For the below four questions, let A and B be subsets of a topological space (X, ).
Then

31. the closure of φ is

a. X
b. not defined
c. φ

32. the closure of A ∪ B is

a. A ∪ B
b. A ∩ B
c. (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ B)

33. Suppose A is a closed subset. Then A is

a. X
b. φ
c. A

34. Suppose A is a dense subset of X. Then, A is

a. X
b. φ
c. A

35. Which of the following subsets are dense in R with usual topology
a. Q
b. R Q
c. both (a) and (b)

36. Which of the following subsets are dense in R with semi-open interval topology
a. Q
b. R Q
c. both (a) and (b)

37. What are the dense subsets of a space X with indiscrete topology
a. φ
b. any non empty subset of X
c. only X

38. What are the dense subsets of a space X with discrete topology
a. φ
b. any non empty subset of X
c. X
39. Let (X, I) be a topological space and N ∈ X. x ∈ N is called interior point of N if
a. there exists a set V such that x ∈ V and V ∈ N
b. there exists a subset V such that x ∈ V and V ∩ N ƒ= φ
c. there exists a open set V such that x ∈ V and V ∈ N

40. Let X be a topological space and A X. Then interior of A (int(A)) is

a. union of all open sets contained in A
b. largest open subset of X contained in A
c. Both (a) and (b)

41. The interior of an empty set φ is

a. φ
b. not defined
c. the entire space

42. Consider R with usual topology. Then closure of set of rationals Q is

a. R
b. φ
c. Q

43. Consider R with usual topology. Then closure of set of irrationals is

a. R
b. φ
c. Q
44. Let X be a space and for x ∈ X, let N x be the neighbourhood system at x. Then,
which of the following statement is false
a. If U ∈ Nx, then x ∈ U
b. If V ∈ Nx and V ∈ U , then U ∈ Nx
c. If V ∈ Nx and V ∩ U ƒ= φ, then U ∈ Nx

45. Let A be a subset of a topological space X and y X. Then y is said to be an

accumulation point of A if
a. every open set containing y contains at least one point of A other than y
b. every open set containing y is a subset of A
c. every open set containing y contains A

46. Which of the following statement is true for discrete topology

a. every point is an accumulation point of any set
b. no point is an accumulation point of any set
c. number of accumulation points depends on the cardinality of the set

47. Consider the R with usual topology. What are the accumulation points of set of
rational numbers
a. set of all integers
b. set of irrational numbers
c. R

48. Consider the R with usual topology. What are the accumulation points of set of
integers
a. set of all integers
 b. set of irrational numbers
c. no accumulation points

49. . Let A be a subset of a space X. Then the boundary of A is defined as

a. A ∩ X \ A
b. A ∩ (X \ A)
c. X \ A

50. Which of the following about boundary of a set is true

a. boundary of a set is always closed
b. boundary of the set is same as boundary of its complement
c. Both (a) and (b)

51. . Let f : X Y be a function and , be topologies on X, Y respectively. Then f

is said to be continuous if
a. for all V , f−1(V )
b. for all V , f (V )
c. none of the above

52. Which of the following statements about continuous functions are true?
a. inverse of continuous function is always continuous
b. continuous functions is always one-one
c. composition of continuous functions are continuous

53. Which of the following statements about continuous functions are false?
a. any function from a discrete space is continuous
b. any function into an discrete space is continuous
c. any function into an indiscrete space is continuous

54. Which of the following is NOT a equivalent definition for a homeomorphic function
f
a. f is a continuous bijection and f −1 is open
b. f is a bijection and f−1 , f are both open map
c. f is a bijection and f is a open map

55. A subset A of a space X is said to be a Lindeloff subset of X if

a. every cover of A by open subsets of X has a countable subcover
b. every cover of A by open subsets of X has a finite subcover
c. there exists cover of A by open subsets of X which has countable subcover

56. When is a topological space X is said to be compact

a. there exits a finite open cover for X
b. every open cover of X has a finite subcover
c. if and only if X has finite many elements

57. Which among the following is NOT a absolute property of a topological space
a. compactness
b. denseness
c. lindeloff
58. Which among the following is a relative property of a topological space
a. being open set
b. denseness
c. both (a) and (b)

59. Every second countable space is

a. lindeloff
b. compact
c. normal

60. A space X is said to be connected if there exists no non empty subsets A and B of it
such that
a. A ∪ B = X, A ∩ B = φ and A, B are both open in X
b. A ∪ B = X, A ∩ B = φ
c. A ∪ B = X and A, B are both open in X

61. Which of the statements below is NOT equivalent to statement ‘X is connected’

a. The only clopen subsets of X are φ and X.
b. X cannot be written as the disjoint union of two closed subsets
c. Every nonempty proper subset of X has a nonempty boundary

62. Which of the statements below about connected space is true?

a. continuous image of connected space is connected
b. The union of [0, 1) and (1, 2] is connected under standard subspace topology
c. both (a) and (b)

63. Which of the statements below about connected space is false?

a. The topological product of any finite number of connected spaces is connected
b. The closure of a connected subset is connected
c. Given two connected space, then their difference is also connected

64. Which of the following below is an example for totally disjoint space
a. R with usual topology
b. R with semi open interval topology
c. R with cofinite topology

65. Which of the statements below is true about connected components?

a. Components are closed sets
b. Every space is the disjoint union of its components
c. Both (a) and (b)

66. The product of two path connected spaces necessarily connected.

a. True
b. False
c. Cant say

67. If A X and A is path connected, then A necessarily path connected

a. True
b. False
c. Cant say
68. If f : X Y is continuous and X is path-connected, then f (X) necessarily path
connected.
a. True
b. False
c. Cant say

69. Which of the statements below is false?

a. the real line with the usual topology is locally connected
b. topologist’s sine curve is locally connected but not connected
c. Every quotient space of a locally connected space is locally connected

70. Which of the statements below is false?

a. Every path-connected space is connected
b. Subsets of the real line R are connected if and only if they are path-connected
c. topologist’s sine curve is path connected

71. A space X is said to satisfy the T1-axiom if

a. given any two distinct points in X, there exists an open set which contains one of
them but not the other
b. for every two distinct points x and y X, there exists an open set containing x
but not y
c. none of the above

72. Let be the topology on R whose members are φ, R and all sets of the form (a, )
for a ∈ R. Then (R, ) is a
a. T0-space
b. T1-space
c. Hausdorff space

73. For a T1-space (X, ), which of the following is false

a. the topology is stronger than the cofinite topology on X
b. for any x X, the singleton set x is closed
c. every finite subset of X is clopen

74. Which of the following is true for Hausdorff space ?

a. limits of sequences are unique
b. singletons are closed
c. both (a) and (b)

75. A metric space (X, d) with the associated metric topology, where X contains at least
two elements is Hausdorff.
a. True
b. False
c. Need not be

76. The circle S1 with the finite complement topology is Hausdorff.

a. True
b. False
c. Need not be
77. Let X be a Hausdorff space. Then every singleton x , for x X is closed in X.
a. True
b. False
c. Need not be
78. If f : X Y is one-to-one and continuous and Y is Hausdorff, then X is necessarily
Hausdorff?
a. True
b. False
c. Need not be
79. Which the following statements are true
a. In a T1 space, limits of sequences are unique
b. Every T2 space is metrisable
c. the real line with the semi-open interval topology is T2
80. Let X be a Hausdorff space. Then which of the following statement is true
a. X is a T1 space
b. limits of sequences are are unique
c. both (a) and (b)
81. A space X is said to be regular if
a. every two mutually disjoint closed subsets can be separated from each other by
disjoint open sets
b. every point can be separated from every closed subset not containing it by disjoint
open sets
c. every distinct points can be separated from each other by disjoint open sets
82. An indiscrete space is
a. regular but not normal
b. normal but not regular
c. both regular and normal
83. Let be the topology on R whose members are φ, R and all sets of the form (a, )
for a ∈ R. Then (R, ) is
a. regular but not normal
b. normal but not regular
c. both regular and normal
84. Which of the following statement is true
a. there exists spaces which satisfies T4-axion but fails to satisfy T3-axiom
b. metric spaces need not be T3
c. every Tychonoff space is T3
85. Which of the following statement is false
a. Normality imply complete regularity
b. T4 space is Tychonoff
c. Every completely regular space is regular.

State whether the following statements are true or false

86. For every n N there is a topological space with n points.
a. True
b. False

87. Every metric space can also be seen as a topological space

a. True
b. False

88. Given any topological space X, one obtains another topological space C(X) with the
same points as X – the so-called complement space of X – by letting the open sets
in C(X) be the sets which are closed in X, and the closed sets in C(X) be the sets
which are open in X.
a. True
b. False

89. There are topological spaces with countably many points, which have uncountably
many open sets.
a. True
b. False

90. The number of points of a finite Hausdorff space is always a prime power. true
a. True
b. False

91. R with the usual topology is a connected topological space.

a. True
b. False

92. All Hausdorff spaces with countably many points are compact.
a. True
b. False

93. Finite topological spaces are always connected.

a. True
b. False

94. Is R with usual topology is a compact topological space

a. True
b. False

Consider the set K = 1/n : n = 1, 2, ... R. Determine the closure of K when

R is endowed with the following topologies

95. The topology determined by the basis β = [a, b) : a < b .

a. K
b. K 0
c. R

96. Cofonite topology

a. K
 b. K 0
c. R
97. Usual topology
a. K
b. K 0
c. R

For the following questions, all sets are considered to be subspaces of R, with the
usual topology.

98. The set A = (x, y) : x, y Z is closed.

a. True
b. False
c. Cant say

99. If finitely many points (more than one) are removed from the set S = (x, y) :
x2 + y2 = 1 , then the resulting set is connected.
a. True
b. False
c. Cant say
100. If finitely many points from the set D = (x, y) : x2 + y2 1 , is the resulting set
compact.
a. True
b. False
c. Cant say
 Answer Key:

1. a 2. c 3. b 4. b 5. c 6. a 7. b 8. b
9. a 10. c 11. b 12. c 13. a 14. a 15. b 16. a
17. b 18. a 19. c 20. a 21. b 22. c 23. b 24. b
25. c 26. c 27. a 28. b 29. b 30. c 31. c 32. a
33. c 34. a 35. c 36. c 37. b 38. c 39. c 40. c
41. a 42. b 43. b 44. c 45. a 46. b 47. c 48. c
49. a 50. c 51. a 52. c 53. b 54. c 55. a 56. b
57. b 58. c 59. a 60. a 61. b 62. a 63. c 64. b
65. c 66. a 67. b 68. a 69. b 70. c 71. b 72. a
73. c 74. c 75. a 76. b 77. a 78. a 79. c 80. c
81. b 82. c 83. b 84. c 85. a 86. a 87. a 88. b
89. a 90. b 91. a 92. b 93. b 94. b 95. b 96. c
97. b 98. a 99. b 100. b