Sampling Distribution of Sample Means Using The Central Limit Theorem

Schools Division Office of Camarines Sur
San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No. 17

(Sampling Distribution of Sample Means Using the Central Limit Theorem)
Week 7 - 8
Name of Student:_______________________________________________________
Learning Area: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY Grade Level:_______________
Section: ______________________________________ Date:____________________
I. Introductory Concept
The central limit theorem states that the sampling distribution of the
sample means approaches the normal distribution as the sample size get
larger – no matter what the shape of the population distribution is. In this
activity sheet, you are going to define sampling distribution involving sample
means using the Central Limit Theorem.
II. Learning Skills from the MELCs
After going through this activity sheet, you are going to define sampling
distribution involving sample means using the Central Limit Theorem.
(M11SP/12SP – IIIe -3 )
III. Activities
A sampling distribution of sample means is a distribution using the

means computed from all possible random samples of a specific size
taken from a population. (Bluman, 2012)
If the sample means are randomly selected with replacement, the

sample means, for the most part, will be somewhat different from the
population mean . These differences are caused by sampling error.
Sampling Error is the difference between the sample measure and

the corresponding population measure since the sample is not a
perfect representation of the population. (Bluman, 2012)
When all possible samples of a specific size are selected with

replacement from a population, the distribution of sample means for a
variable has two important properties.
1
Properties of the Distribution of Sample Means
1. The mean of the sample means will be the same as the

population mean.
𝜇𝑥 𝜇
Where 𝜇𝑥 – mean of the sample means
𝜇 − mean of the population.
2. The standard deviation of the sample means will be smaller

than the standard deviation of the population, and it will
be equal to the population standard deviation divided by
the square root of the sample size.
𝜎
𝜎𝑥 𝑛
Where 𝜎𝑥 − standard deviation of the sample means
𝜎 − standard deviation of the population
𝑛 − sample size
To better understand these two properties, I will show you an

example:
Suppose that you asked four of your friends if how many siblings they
have, and you get the following results:
Friend A B C D
No. of Siblings 2 4 6 8
Let us assume that your four friends consist of the population.
The population mean is
The standard deviation of the population is

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
√
The graph of the original distribution is shown below,
The distribution of the population is a uniform distribution.
2
Now, if two samples of size two are taken with replacement and the
mean of each sample is found, we will obtain the distribution as shown
below.
Samples Mean Samples Mean

2, 2 2 6, 2 4
2, 4 3 6,4 5
2, 6 4 6, 6 6
2, 8 5 6, 8 7
4, 2 3 8, 2 5
4, 4 4 8, 4 6
4, 6 5 8, 6 7
4, 8 6 8, 8 8
The frequency distribution of the sample means is as follows:
̅ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
f 1 2 3 4 3 2 1
The mean of the sample means denoted by is,
Which is the same as the population mean. Thus,
The standard deviation of the sample means denoted by ̅ is,
( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − )
√ ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − ) ( − )
(− ) (− ) (− ) ( ) (− ) (− ) ( ) ( ) (− ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
̅ √
̅ √ √ √
Which is the same as the population standard deviation divided by √
̅
√ √
(Note: Rounding rules were not used here to show that answers coincide)
The figure below shows the graph of the sample means. The histogram
appears to be approximately normal.
3
Observe that the shape of distribution of the population is
a uniform distribution while the shape of the distribution of the
sample means tends to approximate the normal distribution.
Because of this observation, a third property of the

sampling distribution of the sample means pertains to the shape
of the distribution and is explained by the central limit theorem.
According to the central limit theorem, as the sample size

n increases without limit, the shape of the distribution of the
sample means taken with replacement from a population with
mean 𝜇 and standard deviation 𝜎 will approach a normal
distribution. As previously shown, this distribution will have a mean
𝜎
𝜇𝑥 𝜇 and standard deviation 𝜎𝑥̅ .
√𝑛
ACTIVITY 1: SHOW ME YOUR EMOJI
Directions: Draw a smiley emoji 😊 if the statement is true and a sad emoji ☹
the statement is false. (Write your answer to the left side of the item no.)
1. The mean of the sample means is equal to the population mean.

2. The standard deviation of the sample means is the product of the
population standard deviation and the square root of the sample size.
3. The shape of the sample means taken with replacement from a
population will not approach a normal distribution if the sample size n
increases.
4. A sampling distribution of sample means is a distribution using the
means computed from all possible random samples of a specific size
taken from a population.
5. Sampling Error is the sum between the sample measure and the
corresponding population measure since the sample is not a perfect
representation of the population.
4
ACTIVITY 2: I CAN DO IT ALONE
Directions: Determine the mean of the sample means ̅ and standard

deviation ̅ for each item. Express your answers in two decimal places.
(Write your answer on the space provided below each item.)
Example:
A random sample of size 49 is taken with replacement from a
population with .
Given:
Solution:
Recall that Thus,
Recall that , Thus,
√ √
1. A random sample of size 36 is taken with replacement from a

population with

population with .

population with .

population with .
ACTIVITY 3: MEAT CONSUMPTION

what
Problem:
The average number of pounds of meat that a person consumes per
year is 218.4 pounds. Suppose that the standard deviation is 25 pounds, and a
sample of 40 random individuals are selected with replacement. Determine
the following:
a) The mean of the sample means,
b) The standard deviation of the sample means,
(Note : Express your answers in two decimal places.)
IV. Rubric for Scoring
ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 3

1 point for every correct 1 point for every correct 1 point for every correct
answer answer answer in each question.
5
V. Answer Key
ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 3

1. 😊 1. ̅ a) ̅
2. ☹ 2. . ̅ b)
3. ☹ 3.. ̅
4. 😊 4.. ̅
5. ☹
VI. References
Bluman, A. G. (2009). Elementary Statistics: A Step by Step

Approach (7th ed.). New York: McGraw - Hill. (pp. 331-334)
Department of Education Region V. Prototype Contextualized
Daily Lesson Plans in Grade 11/12 Statistics and Probability. (pp.
11 – 16)
DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

WRITER : JOHN EMMANUEL R. IBE – Magarao NHS
MANAGEMENT TEAM/ REVIEWERS: JHOMAR B. JARAVATA- Bula NHS
SONIA V. MORAL- Colacling National HS
Editor : JUMAR R. VELASCO- RSMOHS
Lay-out Artist : JHOMAR B. JARAVATA- Bula NHS
Illustrator : PATERNO P. MAPULA, JR. – Bolo Norte HS
Validators : DAVID V. ORTIOLA-Laganac HS
ROGEL JOHN O. NAVAL-Sta. Cruz NHS
FROILAN R. DOBLON – San Fernando NHS

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Schools Division Office of Camarines Sur

San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No. 17

II. Learning Skills from the MELCs

A sampling distribution of sample means is a distribution using the

If the sample means are randomly selected with replacement, the

Sampling Error is the difference between the sample measure and

When all possible samples of a specific size are selected with

1. The mean of the sample means will be the same as the

2. The standard deviation of the sample means will be smaller

To better understand these two properties, I will show you an

The population mean is

The standard deviation of the population is

The distribution of the population is a uniform distribution.

Samples Mean Samples Mean

The frequency distribution of the sample means is as follows:

The mean of the sample means denoted by is,

Which is the same as the population mean. Thus,

The standard deviation of the sample means denoted by ̅ is,

Because of this observation, a third property of the

According to the central limit theorem, as the sample size

ACTIVITY 1: SHOW ME YOUR EMOJI

1. The mean of the sample means is equal to the population mean.

Directions: Determine the mean of the sample means ̅ and standard

1. A random sample of size 36 is taken with replacement from a

2. A random sample of size 49 is taken with replacement from a

3. A random sample of size 36 is taken with replacement from a

4. A random sample of size 100 is taken with replacement from a

ACTIVITY 3: MEAT CONSUMPTION

IV. Rubric for Scoring

ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 3

ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 3

Bluman, A. G. (2009). Elementary Statistics: A Step by Step

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

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