Lab 3-C
Lab 3-C
Lab 3-C
Objective:
The purpose of this lab is to introduce to differential Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation.
the digitization of an analog signal,
the reconstruction of the original analog signal,
the measurement of quantizing noise,
the causes and prevention of aliasing, andthe causes and effects of channel errors
To study Differential Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation be sending variable
frequency sine wave and variable DC signal inputs.
Apparatus:
DPCM Trainer Kit.
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope.
Connecting wires.
CRO Probes
PROCEDURE:
Switch on differential code modulation & demodulation trainer.
Apply the variable DC signal to the input terminal (sixth pin of 741) of DPC Modulation.
Observe the sampling signal output on Channel-1 CRO.
Observe the DPCM output on channel-2 of CRO, from 00000000 to 11111111 by adjusting
DC voltage potentiometer.
Disconnect the DC voltage and apply AF oscillator output to the AF input of DPC
Modulation.
Observe the DPCM output in synchronization with the sampling signal.
During demodulation, connect DPCM output to the data input of DPC demodulation.
Connect Clock Pulse output of DPC modulation to the CLK pulse input of DPC
demodulation.
Observe the demodulated output.
DPCM on MATLAB:
A simple special case of DPCM quantizes the difference between the signal's current value and
its value at the previous step. Thus the predictor is just y(k) = x (k - 1). The code below
implements this scheme. It encodes a sawtooth signal, decodes it, and plots both the original and
decoded signals. The solid line is the original signal, while the dashed line is the recovered
signals. The example also computes the mean square error between the original and decoded
signals.
The output is
distor =
0.0327
Hardware simulation:
Precautions:
Avoid loose connections.
Observe wave forms carefully.
Conclusion
In this experiment, we acquired a better understanding of Pulse Code Modulation by further
probing into sampling and quantization. we verified the introduction of aliasing by sampling a
signal at a rate lower than that dictated by the sampling theorem. we also verified the
consequence
Result:
Differential Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation is studied and corresponding
waveforms are observed
ofComments:
reducing the quantization levels by limiting the number of bits utilized to represent a signal.
Theconcepts of sampling and quantization are fundamental to a multitude of areas in
engineering.
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