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Tutorial 3 - Kinematics

This document contains 18 physics problems related to kinematics, including questions about acceleration, velocity, displacement, and relative motion. The problems involve calculating values for vehicles braking, cyclists accelerating, objects moving vertically and horizontally, and particles moving along the x-axis according to position, velocity, and acceleration equations. They also include questions about projectiles, objects dropped from cliffs and buildings, and the relative motion between trains and an observer on the ground.

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Danny Mutambo
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218 views4 pages

Tutorial 3 - Kinematics

This document contains 18 physics problems related to kinematics, including questions about acceleration, velocity, displacement, and relative motion. The problems involve calculating values for vehicles braking, cyclists accelerating, objects moving vertically and horizontally, and particles moving along the x-axis according to position, velocity, and acceleration equations. They also include questions about projectiles, objects dropped from cliffs and buildings, and the relative motion between trains and an observer on the ground.

Uploaded by

Danny Mutambo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE COPPERBELT UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES


DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

PH 110 INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS

TUTORIALSHEET 3: Kinematics

1. You brake your car from 75 km/hr to 45 km/hr over a displacement of 88 m.


(a) What is the acceleration assumed to be constant?
(b) What is the elapsed time?
(c) If you continue to slow down with the acceleration calculated in (a), how
much time would elapse in bringing the car to rest from 75 km/hr?
(d) In (c) above, what distance will be covered?

2. A cyclist, starting from rest, accelerates at 0.30 ms -2 from t = 0.0 s until t = 5.0
s, then travels at a constant velocity until t = 7.0 s, and finally comes to rest in
3.0 m
a. Calculate her velocity at the end of 5.0 s.
b. Calculate her displacement between 0.0 s and 7.0 s.
c. Calculate her acceleration as she comes to rest.

3. A body’s motion is represented by the following figure:


Speed (m/s)

10

0 5 10 12 15 20 Time (s)

What distance did the body cover in 20 seconds?

4. A ball thrown vertically upward is caught by the thrower after 2.00 s. Find (a)
the initial speed of the ball and (b) the maximum height the ball reaches.

5. A particle moves along the x axis according to the equation:

x  2  3t  t 2

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where x is in m and t is in s. At t  3s , find (a) the position of the particle, (b)
its velocity, and (c) its acceleration.

6. The position of the ball tossed vertically upwards is described by the equation:
y  7t  4at 2
where y is in metres and t is in seconds. Find (a) the initial velocity at t 0  0 , (b)
the velocity at t 0  1.26s , and (c) the acceleration of the ball.

7. A particle is moving along the x axis. Its velocity as a function of time is given
by:
v  5  10t
where v is in m/s. The position of the particle at t  0 is 20 m. Find (a) the
acceleration as a function of time, (b) the position as a function of time, and (c)
the velocity of the particle at t  0

8. A projectile is fired with an initial speed of 113 m/s at an angle of 60 o above


the horizontal from the top of a cliff 49 m high.

Find:
(a) the time to reach the maximum height,
(b) the maximum height,
(c) the total time in the air,
(d) the horizontal range and
(e) the components of the final velocity just before the projectile hits the
ground.

9. Two stones are dropped from the edge of a 60m cliff, the second stone 1.6s
after the first. How far below the top of the cliff is the second stone when the
separation between the two stones is 36m?

10. Just as a car starts to accelerate from rest at a constant acceleration of


2.44m/s2, a bus moving at a constant speed of 19.6m/s passes the car in a
parallel lane.
a) How long does it take the car to overtake the bus?
b) How fast is the car moving?
c) How far has the car gone at that point?

11. A ball thrown from the top of a 50m tall building is given an initial velocity of
20m/s straight upwards. The ball just misses the edge of the roof on its way
down.
a) Determine the time at which the ball reaches its maximum height.
b) Determine the maximum height.
c) The time at which the ball returns to the height from which it was thrown.
d) The velocity of the ball at this instant.

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e) The velocity and position of the ball at t = 5s.

12. A stone is released from a hot- air balloon which is rising steadily at 4m/s.
Find the velocity of the stone after 3 s of release.

13. A stone is dropped by a person from the top of a building, which is 200 m
tall. At the same time, another stone is thrown upwards, with a velocity of 50
m/s by a person standing at the foot of the building. Find the time after
which the two stones meet.

14. Show that time of ascent of an object thrown vertically upwards is equal the
time of its descent.

15. A bullet is fired from the ground vertically upwards with an initial velocity of
100 m/s.
(i) Find the total time of flight.
(ii) Find the total distance covered by the bullet.
(iii) What is the bullet’s velocity on the ground?
(iv) What are the assumptions made in these calculations?

16. An Alaskan rescue plane drops a package of emergency rations to stranded


hikers, as shown in the Figure below. The plane is traveling horizontally at
40.0 m/s at a height of 1.0x 102 m above the ground. Neglect air resistance.

a) Where does the package strike the ground relative to the point at which it
was released?
b) What are the horizontal and vertical components of the velocity of the
package just before it hits the ground?
c) What is the angle of the impact?

17. A particle starts from rest and accelerates as shown in the figure below.
(a) Find the particle’s speed at t = 10 s and at t = 20 s.
(b) Draw the velocity-time graph for a particle in the interval from t=0 to t=20s.
(c) Determine the distance traveled in the first 20 seconds.

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18. Two parallel rail tracks run north-south. Train A moves north with a speed of
54 km/h and train B moves south with a speed of 90 km/h. What is the
relative velocity in m/s of
(a) B with respect to A
(b) the ground with respect to B
(c) a monkey running on the roof of train A against its motion (with velocity
18 km/h with respect to A) as observed by a man standing on the
ground.

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