CHAPTER

AlgebraI

Thb chipter rll l@ch ,ou lrcs to

r EpHed r Nnba sing d srmbor..oishd e sjs.brni. erp6sio4 od

^ add,subr&r, nuuiply od dividcltgebraicrtu ud sjsclnjc finctioos.

1 d.nrc dd u.e rhedistiburie tav md bils oodbs
r dcfm r'dodarion md io fa@riz. Eios rbcdtutiboriw ls srd R.C.F.
^ d.6re d eqario, 0 in.{udim, md sinor:@ lqudons! $lE li@ equlioos,ri!.f ineluario,s,
ad sin nl,mus riiE @ridsi fom dd slw wordmblers.
^ uscrherrs of indic4.
^ solved e4uzriotrwhd rheuoh(m qoorly ir in d. ind4,
^ e shdrd r(m (orsi.irific iohtion) b solE prcbletr d.jling pirh $. boic ridctic oFra.joB.

^ userh.losdrhnrheoryinlog&ihnrldurirogeidmrosolv.prcbld,
r srve m .qudob uiit to8dinrn.

:lt trl.lrclbt h:iiq a rtr".|lrl.to

A llepteseuta huubet
llsrr.a is rhe3eneuJiert,, sd rpaMedm
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dthdehc ud orhtr mN of n hm0rics. wad tutut 6 olsebniestute^.n6lsinc an-
tu&, lve m cbooc dy rrr,i w lile, ussny
rm irc r,d,tn d cft.r orrr,r.!, 'o r{Emr
rf meco* or ooeb.ok i: $65,00, a 4u,rLl, nnl$ ohank. sb€d. Fd @pt.:
!\en rhed ol l0 booksis $650.(J0(in aurr'd;.) rdtu n,,r.n hc: md ), $ch $d: > 1.Tth
dd 'h. @. ori booksft $6s.00:(ii ,rssrn). rhel,!r tdi. ,pdim cu b. sn Eprseored
'Ibe
nd.n.rt dEr d. 4r of l0 bmk i! t650.c{

nrdr rhd rhe6r orr bmls is $65,mrb sid @b.

a 8.,?El s4&rs,r we ch 3ubsdh@my Dturr r1c ,lfdftrr or 6c 'wo Nnb.^ : J - r.
imb{ tor r andheicctur rbeGr ld irar trmba
orb.ob n $65.00ach by ndtiplrilg,
 4. nreqtrdds $e plodd or t{o nunbds
Gtuquor-Lo',h"N.n'i1.. =,-r ='l
il llr 4"a,i.r is rr$ Itatr r
dividenby r rhid nudbr:
6, SevenriDs d. pmdudol ivd nm6
rmnstak mh aJlheJotk\|n\ ratd ph@s hto r md ), le$ five.divid€nby Ltuice3 $nd

fivc ri'B a rhid numer r

lb) sad tims a rrnlbs t, th( a seond
3, Th@ tins r nunb.r 4 ninus tor dmesa
lc) SixtuB. hhae' t hina a s.ud nutuq r
(d) Hatl tihes th. ptudvt ol' ua,
le) rh''. 'in6 ^e pirud rf lw Mtb.6 \ atu /,. r}Esqffof ,hesm or'woNnbcB r mdr'
t dirtc.a 4 a hna tuabt. r''rl. Tte $be or L\esm or rwoumbes r sd y
'4. Ttuecdnes! nmb{ a, rddedb rour.ins
a ssond nMber,, di d.d bYdoublsa &nd

/:12, Hslr tbsDtudtrdofre nmbds . andb. added

. 13. Tnesqle or rbde a imM a, t*e rvry

14 Thccubsor doublen nmbd u, de lvay

/ 15. Ninctins lh. pmdudof twonomb{sa od ,

lesfrveljmsanbi]dimbd.,divid.dbyr

Trodac emhor thero oving srsebnic.xPte

=;
16. ?i

= 20, {I ))' 21 (' ,)!

dii,ldb!,ttri.d nunb- 2
'" "l ''
/ 2s- lto - 1bl
lA, t4o-3\'1
Ttuslre .achor lh. ro sing wordphd6 idto
=. E ercisctu :
TnNhcachollhefollo*inewordphsssidb
alsebraicerpcssionsusiis .hesynbolsclvd $.ond number), divid.dby t*i.. a lnird

y27. Hrlr rrc sDmor $o trmbs r dd l, divided

2, tu.lk rims a nmberi plusa sond nMbtr) byNicalhidNnbtrz
 Frcn rheadpr.r 6d. n canber??' ilat:
9u[stittti*4a huneral
o\^_
lotaj1ubolhat
It4etr*icfupee4ioa
Jrbrr:tonanofa nunonrfd asynbolib m slgebnic 'tbEreanks ot t\.
erp63ion, n $e procss {hftby .dh 9,6dt ii N||.t x o nunb.t isrt\ntm&
b otc.Lrdi tprA'iat i. t.ptz.edby a E\d nun
,rr in oil* rosinplify ad d.hine $er,/i.!kf
nu16itut tltu oJk 4@nal}r'h^ ublitdi,E 2 | o| \ . 9 o 9 t \ . 2 e b . d - z l = 2 x 2 \ z : a
3 nubs for a synb.l ii o olgEhnicexprcsion, 3 l ol h c , , , g r 4= 3 l = 3 x 3 X 3 X 3 : 3 1
2 t n t h . w v { 5 = 2 5= 2 t 2 t 2 x 2 / 2 = 12.
d,elom or !\e a',E$i,n. Hencew yrrr!,' dre
Nmber for nre symboldiu.rr) inro rh. ars.rror.
b b t h e p N e t ! = b . l b e d= F = b x b x b
rhi.h wethetrrtrylit in ordq toobhin apdr,i/ar nblj.powu4=n!=n\mxnxn

ft. uhr 16 tl' nnkiplidrion Jdiisb^ar1]J't

4 ( m ) 2= 4 , m \ m - 4xnxtxn, n

q'.,.pht
( + Dx ( + D x ( + t ) = ( + 1 ) x ( + l=) + 1 Ifr = 2,! = 3 ahdz- 4,$tcttnethentu.
( - r ) x ( - D x ( + l ) = ( + 1 ) x ( + r ) =+ l aJg& aJ'tctou.wks db.btun apasia8:

( l)x( Il x( r)=(+Dx(-D= a'r-nz

( + l ) x ( + 1 x) ( - l ) = ( + r ) x ( D =

Fmm$e.zd.r,boE ir en bes lhd:

Nw 2r+)=2x2+( 3)=4-r=
Now.-2r=a-2x( 3)=4+6-
ir whenve,r/i^ .!n rurd or4diu(
N o w5 : 2 r + r z = r x 2 - 2 x ( - 3 )
L') w's, {e -dlP^ { aL,!,ib.r of,.!dl r = r0+6+l2

(-r)i(+r)=;=-r
=L
eumpLc rd = 5x;
Anmdvery.
J i{r3'
tf I = 2,r : 3.nd z - 5, Ahihe thevatrc =txzxi
ata6 dttu huawh\ ds?bni upt$o6: e,'4
e elr 4,y di +;

: Excrcise6b :
G)
erh ofihe lollowiig srsebEic $I)r*iois:

= r x 2 x ( - r r + 2 x 2 r x5
= 3 ' 2 x ( - 3 )x ( r ) + 2 x 2

19.r+2
n. 6: \ 23.
br+2i:=3x2!(-r)r+2x?rx5

23.ryr+3 29.24+,92 30.3t+2)

31. 2r + lz 32. 4r + 32 33. 3. - 4r
=9r22x5-4x2x( 1)l 34. 5. 3) 3s. 4:
=ex2r2x5 4r2x( 3)

er:z 4rt : 9 x 2r t 5 - 4 x 2 ! ( 3t
=ex 1r5-4x2x1 27)
:130-3\( 27)
4'. 4: 1'+ zz

civ.nrhdr=2,1=

5x2x(-rx(-r)

:lxzvf'
ci{i lnda = 2,, = 3 lid. = 5, derdninerhe
vdE or eeh ol rhc louNing als.bnic dxpr$i6:
 -?'+b1 rm. civ.n mdd = 2,b = 3sd.= 5,calcuhre

Giri $nr = 1]' = 3andz= 5.clkulft

$c vlru of rh. slsebdceip@$io.: rft. ciEndurp = 5 mdq = I.d€dnjnedle
j]lll:-1.
r05. civ.r darp:2 hd q = l.qlculaEthe

106.Civcit$ta = 3,b = 5 md. =,1,d.rmim

ln. v,lne or $c argcbraic
exprcssion:
6b'c :25a1.
rhevalu.ore 50 ))+2,. r07. civenfidd = 4, = -3ud. = 2,.ol.ule

mine$. Yd@of 2r, - 3(l - r) + 4z 103,Civeoihar,=sedz= 2.dcFminerhe

.achof lnefoioring als6,ric exprcssions:

$litiou nl
A lultuatioaol
I*ut
ll4etrwic
we 6 aaly adlt nt tub*tt kke akd,ok iem.

{hj!hmrcp€sdedb),ihe!u(4lg,i?txrd-

l,aai-+.06.*d-ot
Ga|lJik'2-f,liic'n.yfueal|4ptMFdbytbe

,- ,".f. -a -0r,.
|. o.os".
e rr "'.
l*? r?rmj siicesey m dr fpe.@tn hy rhe

\!hi!h rc repE$nredby ./ifau, r/3.rn)i. ,rrl

101.CiH rbd4 = 2,l' = 3 ud. = 5,ddcminc

\. r,,,.r, I htl r m ni. a[emt aq.bnn bnB,
He,e, Egsrdhs or rhc ua3trrldc of $rn c,4
jciat, \]e emnd add t srbidd st\1ta{

1 0 2c' i v e n l 1 3 l a = 3 , , = 2 3 d . = l , c a l c u h l e

ria*,;c"+rc-.
 =(e-4F+(3+3)r+02 5):
Eiample
&netit ech X th. lu orks 'ts,btdk 4p,a No{ l5r: 1{ + e/ - 8ir
=l''-3117}:+9J'
= l5r1- ell+ 91 7t'
=0s-3)t+(e-rrt

NN tolb + 4ab, - a1b-1ab1+ alb:

- = lah d1b + 4ab1- 3ab1+ aw
Solution = a3 lvb + t4 3)ab,+ d,b1
( a )N o w f u + ; + l 2 ! = ( 7 + l + 1 2 ' ro!
( b )N w 1 5 , & r : = ( - l s - 3 - l ) I (d) Now r.5rr4- 0.3ed+ 4 rr? + s.orc
- 0.rpq3
= t.sfq + 4.tp1q + 5w
( c )N o * 9 r - 5 r = ( 9 5 ) I : r r = 1sezq+ +tp1q+ 5.o!4 o.1Pq)
( d )N o { r r 7 : = 1 r - } = .h = o.5 + 4.Drt + (5.0- 0 3)per
(.)NN Ll!+5r e:=02+s e)i
= (17- e)x
IE q-o!p4I4.tp1q+5.W3
(t Nowl5r-9r+r= 05 e+ l): ' 1.5l;4+ 4.V'q+5W - o.tpqJ
=05+l-e'
=(16-eF

llvnft(3,.]fs.h(|t,D|oc.d'e|mei.[
Frn rheabower?Lr n .m bev€' tut:
lj) Tbcdriliatr ot/ti? dB.rra,. ?'^.ortspotrds h,) ft 6sdr/dt!,r,r('rlir({ri,ur DI
btn en 0n ot th. | ,4!n iti:.
(i) the !r'..d/i otuLrlcrtun ?,4 qn|rro.rl
'o rhe '.odui 01d€n.?dn t'r.
: 6c :
Exercise
tut atest af til?km i'^ a\ebruI e'ppsior.
Ir n lho posible ro dd .nd subtu! r4?ro, 'ar ,t Sinpliry .&n or lh. follNins Elsebraic
cxprs
Lilzn^ iinatsebnic apE$iq.

!r,!'rple5
6ch bJth.ftnaeks als,bnn *pes
sinpLity

l d )e t + t t - 5 2 + a t * + r 2 2

tc) 3db + 4aE o'b 1ob'+ 0'b,

ld) 1.5p,q 0.3p4t+ 4.tf'1+ 5.0p4

( a )N o t r 9 r + 3 ! - 5 u + a J - 4 : + u .
=91 4i+l+3)-5!+122
=91 4r+3)+3,+122 sz
 32. r2r + 5J- 9i
1x2- 4, + y+1,1+1r_ s + 94
r2J+ 31 3)' 36. 17p+ lp r2p
13: 9:+r 3rt-$r+rr:)+8ry
3& th-sr+3I
t% 12t+ 5, &. 2tj - r4a+ 3, 3.5:r 2.3r?+ t,4: + 15.6_ 1,2.3
24,- 16{+ ' 4t, u, - r3x+ 2, + 4.5,' 03r _ 3.2
3rt
h+r: 46,p-l t) '?-fr'+].2.'+6,4+ry
a+2b (-1c) 43.: (-2))
15)+3 3r+1_4
p+u+ l-?.) 40, a + (-3b)+ 4.
&.+ 5] - 4z+ 9) - 3r+ l3z
tzj+7, 5.+Sy 4,+|.
l&+3, 7z+5r-r:+&
15;+ 9, - & + 6)- sr + 7z
9t + tz! -92+ 1! - 4'+ 3. 4'2-tu -* + 1t + !, 1
lrr+ ry 3z+4) ft+7.

atl
Ittubiplicatior
A D tieiorol$4e|tait
krut
coMdatiye lawhotttsfDltte ruttiptica,i,4 0t pat
1Ab+sdb'4a1b1ab1+?42,: lmbu'@daLe.b.aiekms.,|rs:
r5:,+t3t-rar 9):+lIl
12rr+llt-l0rr-et+3:1
HeLe he o .t in *rieh w n dpt! als.brai
r2P1+trql 9t1+ 34' 7P91

| 7p1q- 1.5P4+ !.rP'q+ 7.1ps3 Eenpt4S

t.5t s - 2.141+3.4r1s
- 1.2.C
siryLl, ach .t th. lalowirs atsebrdieqzs_
r.9I?+ 3.51- o3r' - t.4l
5'7e,+ 1'9q,. x'1P1- |54
tb)+p x Bq

ct p'e t ,pct. t-3ts4)

l5:) - 7J- 3i) + 9r + 3

Solution
 NN 3r x s) = 3 ! 5 xr x ) = l5r
!!,!1!
Ns5) x ( 3i): 3xsxlxr= 15,:
h.i...l
-4l1x91lp]lql'q I r' 1t
: t!tsd
No{ p?qx( 2rr)x( 3r:4:)
=-2x(-3)xCX?r/xt
L
= zx l-3)x rx px P\ p t p 4

Fion theaboEso,rk n cd bcr?rn rh

.: trxercise6d :.
I t litrrlirrir4ds!b'ti.t{D'\. sruv L\!
shpua sch of rhefouwing arsebn'ic*pEs

r. or 'rt rnra /,1rtkr 'hd !L Drr,r^

rii0 rhe erq!i'irie tblrlf nrr,"/i.dricr./ri3,r

n bld i, ., Lrs'o obhh rllr isr ni 'he,M/ 1. 3{xZ!
10,tlx4r lr?rx31 12.42x9P
ft t ftcsar) roriiforcc $c &ct th4, snetrve
re ,rrditrs 4l$taa apE$rzi m€ ve hat 13,,1J:(-2) r,r.5r x ( r) rs. 62x ( 5)
1wdd iarln nmtdtDr 8deptutud in$e 16, 4x1r r1.-7x5y $.-9t3p
d?Mdnoh\nH*ees.melaqw'i'infie
trmeE@r wi|n r simik qudiry in tbed,Dni,a lc. 3rx ( 2) 20. -7:x (-5)
2r. e.x( ?) 22.3ttl 4f)
cuadni s is ati4 Ltt b ttiiltta tat\ 1j'em n-
b ndthe d.rcnircb bYtla m 4tunntt.
23, .1Jx (-t) 2'r. 3Px ( 54)

23. 3"1 4!)

E!mpre./
29. -&r x ( 5r) 30. 9, x ( 6a)

".+,,"
sinptfr @th.! ke fanNks atsebraiedpns

lo)i:i ( b )6 d + 2 b
a:. ] * ]"t *'
r:o
l.) ts\Tz- 3l}, it) 13pi4:l 3PF) "
7:,.
*. j, r :e", * *'r uo,r
* rrr' rr"
. +".'
lr. ]" q-rz1y
o;rl.*0".zr,=$= o. 1y* 1 qr
 45.-ax (-56)) 46. $' 9 4 .i x a x J 9 5 .2 r x 3 r x 4 J
i-"
r. .r . 6tu ,t3.
4t ;x( r4:) s0.
5r. tx( 4e, sr.-15, 6tu
"
5r. -ir x 64r !s" t t.
!r. s6.
?x(-11,

115,(-fu) x 5r) 116.( sl)q x er:)

r7. (-e43) ! 44 n& l2e, : (_t r)
7L epx 3rxt 4q) 72. nx eir x (-3ry) r20. 3t 4 y l_e1f)

75'z, \ 59x3|
t.5px&!r4
79.4,x 3r x 2f r24, rrlx( 3q)r( 4rt)
30.
3 r . 7 Pt 3 4 x ? t r2t 941x ( 4r:)) x (-1D,)
3U,
7t. -r'ntt \)x2! 126. 4p'qx (-1p,1Jx l- vq')
34.
36. rrx3rx(-1rl r27 (-4f)) x (-sry) x 34r
36,
u3. (-74)x( 4irJ x se
129.| 4P1q)\( spqtxRE,t3
I 3 0 ,( 4 4 ) x l , ) x ( 11)
13r. I 5t)) l4r x ( er)r)
n2, I 3/'4)x3Prrx( et4,)
siqprry c@hormefollGjig eipEsions:
I3,1.5r:, x (-3m) x zDr,?
Llu
DittNilutive
r35.2ar, x (-3m) \ 5d.1 ,I\
s'trp|ifya.hol'r'.fo|lo{itrgalg.bi'jcqpr9

wrqn rley annot & aaaed or we

"Ltacka, la,
rchnye ftn 3D!4ir3 rhloucn$e ,Jhtd4?
by usiogbro.k r, As ! mtd or r&r, w. $pry $.
'n'e /iJtt ,rt? /ae iacs
in algcbnj. .xprcsions.

la+ b), - 4a+ b)= u + br.

insic. $. bnckrb is nnkklcdby tE knt A.edlr

errmpte
f,

161.(-12|J'lr) + ( 1lir:)
(r) usiig rhedirtrirlliv. rall
nn 5(: +)) = 5 xr + 5 xr = 5\ - jr
@) v.irEilt dbtntuiv. t.w:
rhenr(5r-?])= 3 xr.+ 3 x( 2r)

G) usingdr. diJtirrriv?r4,:
Itnn 71.+bJ= 1xd 1tb

(d) using'hedntir ir ra,i

r h e n- 3 ( 3 d -2 r ) = - 3 x 3 a 3x( 2t)
sinplily erchol $. rollowiig erpasiois:
(i' Irli!h4 4'{r(rlrliircrds ir.,rr..L,!D

|7.';;

174.ii;
 rrnpteQ
Rnaveth. bmkeh!tus thedieributiEl@ L
md sbnprhsci otlh2Janowirs:
FDn rheabov.e'd,s n cd b. &o sa.
(i) wr'd vc n*d rozD@. ^'? rzrr d/bffrtu.

(ii) Aner .laoiB rhernd?^ {. rhetr!2,4 alL

n,t w.'henrr'prr'rs.hr.,,//ii!r.Drby

'
Solution
l2) us aqtra ditribtuiE tN: - Exercise6e :
3(r+))+5G+y)
= 3 x r + 3x ) + 5x , + 5 x ] RemoErh. trekeb usiis rhcdi.aibutiE trw in
=31+3}+5:+5,
=3,+5'+,+,

$) usinctor'initurd?h*:
4(rI 2' + E4r 3r)
=4x3r+4x( 2])+3x4:
=lz.-3r+l2r 9)
= t2t+ lXa 3y"'

I.c) U1:^grtbdiilritutir. tdw|

7G+))-4c,)
=7xr+?xl 4x:-4x( ,)
=1'+1! 4'+4y
=1'4'+7'+4|

(d) U3itrg
!\c /t'rfilrr.l@:
3(5r- 2)) 3(4r- 3])
= 3 x Jr+ 3 x (-2)) - 3 x 4r

= 44, I t2t + e,

(e) lJtingtlF ddtibllire ltul

iet- 1) it,- t)
=txz!+ix(-r)
! {r. ior + 6l
43.-(rr + t
 so.;0.141 rr))
sl. t(4r - 6)

12r.r(4r + 3))+ 4(1t+ 2))

1r2,5(3r+ 2r) + 3(2r+ 5r)
u3, 7(3:+ 4' + 3(4t+ 5r)
124.6(5r+ 2)) + 3(4:+ 3))
1t5. 3(7J+ 3r)+ ,1(lr+ 2r)
126,sl]I + 2r) 2(3r+2))
r27,6(5r+ 2))- 3(r. + 3r)
r23.?(5l+ 3)r- 1(r: + 2,
r29.3(6 + 3)) s(3r+ 5y)
130.e(5r+ 3]) 5{4J+ ?r)

132,.1(3:+ 2), - 5(3r+ 4))

13r.7(4r+ 3, - 6(rr + 5r)
r3a.3(5r+ 2l) 7(si+ 3))
r35,e(h + ar) 3(3,+1)
siqliry .achorrherollowiis:
136.3(L 3r) 4(3,+ 2r)
r37,nal - ]}) - 3(ar- 3y)
133.6(11 4)) - 9(1! - 3r)
rre, r(4r ])) 5(l 3r)
lr0. e(5r 2l) 6(]1 2r) 163. n+3(& ') .
;(r
'r'. lr.r'* Lr* Jre'* :r sindify dch or 'hc rorLowiu*prnsiod:
r* jo' + r +jrrr.+1
rr,:.]o'*r*,narro'*+r
usng rhedisri nr h*, simdiry eeh orrh!
rr jor'* a * iro** ar
l ] s .t c l J + , + ; ( 4 e r+ 7 )
rz jc, r. lr" - l
173,r(: - 5) - 3G+ 4) + 5(r r)
jre.*,r lr:s.r mr
"0. Expdd dd si,npriry .$h .f the toloq ii!:
* 'r ]r,**,r
"'. lo' l?s, 3nJr D + 2r(: + 4) i(7 rr)
1 1 3;.( & + ' ) s Gl+1)
rq.lp:'*,r *i,0,*e
r:0.]r,o,r,r jro:, *:r 1?7.3(r+2r)+t O+?)
'sr.jrz.* r fro. 'r
ts2. i (jr+ 1) T(64\ 3)

r;r.jr'". r ,r |e'r. -or

,s+for'. :r- jrru'-,r
rss.;or+1)-tor 1)
r"'0.
!+ r lre. a
rsr.jra' l |oz, ll
r5!.;(zir r) m-r1tu 5)
rsr.fr* a jou. o
ntg^rqupcrr+|ok
]r.* ,, fi.
,eo. a
16r. ll + ?(r - )) 162.4tn1+ r) sl,t n)

bilaD .ptrLq\ otu 6an 6. Jaa basi. ap{a

'mr denned pEvioNry n d,is ch,pr4 sd r.d'D!
sinpri! nch of 'hefonovrg
E\anr|.f O I rf,i,f.6s, + 7n,d.rtuinadrev,ttr.ol

Anowturoh t defn.d bt r\ ! = 2x+ 3:l ,r. (a) civen n r ' deno6 2, + '. ersju .i

(b) Dereminedrev.rucora $ch lhnl

v^ :
(a) 6ivenrhdr i y = 2r + ry @ 3is ( b )4 + c 1 5 )
4i5=2x4+3t5!subsli.ADc 6. An dp@rionis d.ni.n by 4 E, = \6;-.
r=4mdr=5.

7, An opddion is defii.d by, t 4 = 3p' - 24.

(blNow (4*5).6=2316 c8l.uhE rheexadvduc of 5 t 3.
=2x23+rx6 3.ll, A,ndsu]
-46+ 13
9. GivenrbrP-4d.noB?r 2r4 + 4:,
.dc!la@ $e *d vdueof 3 - 2.
=6+69 10. rn i n d.nors 5nr - 2,r, $d. $e ermr

rL lr'*rdeno@su + 5,, e$]u!b 3 i 012)

Exrnptc / f
rr'" b,""""+\/r-. h'"^t 11 ADopddion is defuedbyp ! 4 = p: + er.
",h.*t"" shErheds'vatEors!( 4).
l,|' rJ Ey =: + }", Mib dM drev']ucsof
v^
15, An operarionis d.nn.d byI i 4 = ,1r4:- {.
c,.r,n,,a=]r4, a car.urrb de valueof2 r ( t.

5.3 -i\,/i i,
""b,,r,"[.s,=5
=:;\,r5_, lulotization
=i\4; t\
LrrD I rrrtrnl( r f \o'n. d dul(,r1 *1r4
*. lse 1\. &fltitufie taw b ien btu.k26 in on
-?E$i'n, we e sid io betEtu'nhs.

: Ex€r.isc 6f =- *+b'=4.+o,=*+ t),

Ai opcftrionn dsfinedby a., = 3a ,, vh.€r md G + ,) & Mid b b.lodois orc + ,i
crl.trlft $. .xei l"iu. of 2 ! 3.
 16 =
tactotiziuqhrin1the G) Noq 61! i6(1.

' Dithil'utirte
Lau
Aftmrftry,64r 16=-16x1I 16\r
--16(,1r+l).
(! Nov 5vr + I0rl - 15r. = n(r + 2r 3,
- i€rc , rnd (r + l) cld.'crs or d + a),

siia n, is c,nn,, ro 5*. 10ry aid 15y..

".. /2
tututiz? eaehat theIanDvhNakeb,ak extres = 5* l I + 5l x ?] + 5' , ( ],

: Ilxcrchc 6g :

sioe i is corun," roborh5: dd

b) Now6&r-3. = 3z(3a ')

ArGmdivdy,6.1ar- 3a = 3! x 3a + 30! (- D
= sr'(Ba r)
!) Noq :5 - l0= 5(\r- 2)

Alharnrlx25r - l0 - 5 xsr+ 5 :{ z)
 la. 161 3 Frdni4.fh of 'h. ro o{hs:
50.36p 13

u &;mr ;",'
53, -49r + 21
6 0 .- 3 l p + 1 6

64, 64e+ 3 6s- 100/+ 10 66, 25r - 5

67.36!-6 6 3 . 1 9 P? 69.31' S
lli4hesttonwou
/ -.
5 72. 49r 1
'73. -64, 3 \ +6ctor
lll,c.+.)
Ih. niRh.il caNtu Iadu tH.c.F) ot | tu aJ
-n. -9:t- t 73. 25p 5
lwbe6nl}ag.alalnlhbe||\il.lii|]*Mdly
'19. 36t - 6 30, 6ar 3 \nb acl af kdx.'t]rjs 1]]. hishes annh tue@
(tctr) or 3, l3 and2? is 3, becauseit is 'berEd!
6t ntnb.r th^ ^ | frbt of &ch of thEmnbns
the tnltr{r turiat lrdd lt. /:) or r nl ar

xtur, ) tdr ) m! si$ 'lA n'. r'lar

onndJrcb'tH.c F.)ot a tu oJokebon tnsi'
35, 16po+ 12rb+ r44r: obl|in.nbysinplybniiglheJ,!d2,,,of&.,'
qua#t tj,lt is .md' 6 eachar t\E btr dd
'dri,fi,3 'r'enrrbsei\ernrs dreacr orrt,

39, r0r + 25,{,+ 3sr L\.'nrprc/5

D.kthi^e the Hc.F. at ech at th. tonorits
91, 5ra- loD+ l5r

et. -ek zns+ tsms td)q. jt.r;

v;;
(r) TheECr of a:rr.l, drrp.!3 'd drtrcdl

No@n\lihc 4@dt d is er @&rn dji ln.5nr

@d,|/cann'Ene.,ro|lEapdo||j.'IcE
't) rte IrcI ort}J*, r3t, ed $rt

t) Trc I/.cI: of l0:r* $:)s sd r5n!

aL 4L 4!1

ta^ ols.braic@ thecoeli.iht i, rtEt?.d e$e

]Ee! l!2e12Ei
4 &li 411
-- 'h. a4[ria. of I 0:y is L0
rhccdq.d or5i:f is 5 -7,?
rh. .,,jri.ri8,r of r5ryrir 15. T", id
4zY 1t! YLY

td)neH.c.Eot4.#.&!H
Tato .irq 14ti!t6
theJli4lestbunn
rnll]e rboveexanple,*. tu$ foDdd$. r,ctq of
f6CtOr
rhe'M?da4 lbt n, 14 scn w. tound$c ll.ctr h rbis'4tdw. fi6r d4miie rherisr?rr.,,llrun
frcbr (H.c.r.) or rt tLs.bnic spEsial we
tE e afal!.bnte tm 's tE oroQnt- tu d.Enire nE e.nnn l..bt by hvi!4 4^
ats?btdi.mb, 6e H.c.E {dd{,j9']].qrcti.n
inrr..r.riidmcaebeinshknroobhitrrh..auc,
risB. Tn. edodcs bc sn illNftrd bdd.
- Exercise6h =-
Dermin. rie H.c.r. ore&h or rberollNiig s ot
E!-,]p! 14
Fadhzeod,dk JoLt|9beov.bt x6pds.

- s"lrtt"t
(r) rte trcl ol lo]y, 5r,l md I54r iss4:.
so l0trt + 5::f - l5l)r

1L lstu r',2vCt6,2sp.qr

1. APnA,r,APn';, 161:,7"5
 $.H.Fd lactotiztu414
%.Erdt;si
/ , '\
* r'a'
Qnupiu4
% n-
rn ihis d,,Dd w e nomdLy givenlor !'3e6zi.
=t,;
ii t km ta ladone
Enns i ,.n: rBa N'h Nn al ient nnd $.
l hisnd @"d teior rhe hehen mlmd la
bt 's .net lsed to lrcbi.e eaeh Pan o! tents
A .aDD@' /d.rdr ir 'n.n round for tb. pat ,l
h.hnzrt tnns 0i tt $. rN^ at Iddar

t!!"4:=t!!

-= Exerci!.6! =-
Fddati.e n'h al thelottovils d3?bmr
F{blizeacholn\efol|oviigdgebnic

k) hntn t + 3rco\ 1)

e. t'cq. + r1P)q1 r6/d = tr\ + D) + lqt + qr), ?nuptn3n

= p6 + t) + alj - r) trct.n1hs edd

Pa..!kms
=,, ,rf lrtadDrir,4 ar,ti, sime

rr. ;r , r7

^ -
15n ,..' ne\,

s setr ' meLr rr''', = (D: + q) + 0,) + q)). 3p!r',3 ',

= tt + q)1 r (P + qJY!\dati.rtq edl

= q :,tadon.^sdsat\nnce
lp + qJ\s canrot to

Hene (i + r)(p + !r) = & + qxr + r)

 3G 6at + br 2b,
= (3u -6n) + (bt 2br. Pnnk,i - a,a+ fr) tjnt + 4, sntpks jn PdiB.
: dn+ n), - th + n\t,tubnins.
=3aA 2r)+ bIx - 2r),Id6z4 a.h = ti + r)(\ tLladothine4d't,snr
pat oI@m.
- Il zr)\1d + b),Jtuj.4 asdk,
sinc.{I _ 2)) h

1u-6ay+b:2W =At- ht) + (u- t ),tt tzinsia

= tu+ bt 6q - 2bt,reon^siryttt
= nrx - )) + nl' - t),kebizkg
: l3u + bx)- 160, 2bt).snupinei =t1 \ta' + n),tatutizins osak, skc.

= <to + b), - t1o + btz!,[email protected]. turhtm.

- t r + b)t] - ^).Jdtoryus asain, rlene (n+')G-))=(r !)(,, +n)
sjncc(3d + b) is
h6. \) + 3N@ t).hturiurmws
He@ (r - 2))(3u+ ') = (3a + ')(r - 2)).
= <5\ Dlrr + 3pq),fatunzinsasa r,
4p,-4p!-3qr+1q) sjn.. (5r - r) n
= a4pr- 4pr) l3q, to,ewpinsjn

= 4Pl' t) 3qC )).tatun iI9.

= lr - !)laP 3st,fatunzke dEdi",
si@ (r - )) is : Exercise6j :
Febd:e ercn ol n\e torlNiis arsebmicdpn!

=14$-3qt) (4w - xq),qtuupiqi

= a4P 1q)x- l4e 3q)d.hdan ii{.

= l4e - 's)k r),ftunzikt aEcin,
rii@ (4, - 34)h

r+nc(r -')(4p 3q)=(9-34)0 r).

^.*r^
 lD\itiot aab
ol
trtl'ttaaiou
|7'lu+zb'-3aJ2b'
fl4el+aic lwctiav
l}c Dd,ol Nd 6 dl od !l,an d(,u?,(

20.1P|+3q|lpn-34n
(L' $t i'n dd{D N rh. ro! 4' n'DLtr rr4u4.
2r, zabl3x+ 1) + 3p.t1. + D ,krd t..rr ). thd 's. rlru rrLjf.l r?|rii,o,i
t!, lLr(4\ + t) 2abt4x+ 3)
23.4p,1,J\ 1) lab(tt 1) (ii) \!r rrid, ,!br lrli d5{rrrn ,(,4, in
- -
2L 51nr\7: 5) 3at7\ 5)
25, 1abl4, - 1) 2?q\4, - 1)
r r ) r.[,n,r&/n1roL irrho,Lfd kJrror i[
Fa.bnn cmplerly Hch or dr foll@ing rt€s
tlt) rik knr tn

ln FUL\ Lh!lr".rtu n rdrrd h jr\ /^5,

2 7 (, 1 r ) ( 2 . + D - z r 1

2e.(5r- ))(rr + l) 2o: )J

E,Jryc 16
3 0 , 1 r r + ) ) ( 2 rD - G r + r )
sihetilr e.t1 oJk? hnavinc ats.b.lt srtt

to:. a.;o
,.,L, :_

@5,+

@;6 -, Aa+ en
4. Di(n + r)-pq(5r+ l)
v^
G) rhe.c/' ordre/4i,4,'ard 3,s bd 10n30.
,r3. ,,45r r) r{(5J - 1)
 _ 3(&r- r,, - s(x, 5tr)

b) m. r.ct . of rhe&m,,ri,!,n r, 3r .id 4i n

lllE !1

rhe r"cr. of rbe,!,o,r,/b4 5 and? is 15.

ftus nr14 4(J:+r)
ru+4) \5 4k+|^t

k) theLc.M. at the.te"aninata1%a nndisp i, |5J + 60 23: 23

lne I^cM of lhe 24i,,''"/ah 6 and9 i\ l3'

Th..crd of rhe/a,,ur"ra6 :rr dd 9r is q}
n""++
_(5-n 2 14+qtr'l

=! I = :!\- l

N&s,, ,f4ll=
-rl l/4ll = lrg
\r r\: r/ , l
lLlr
 6k :
Exercise r-.r5
Srspliryerhorb. rollosis Jsebdl!apes ?.1
,. !E:-O - !!

1 6i.( 5 , + i ( 4 + 3 r )

37.;(4-r -G+t
$. ic a) iG-,
{-tu-;[ 3e.;(2i+3)-Tc L)
2_L I
1"L Sidpliryerchorrhcrbnowhe:
],_a
,. _.L. !
5-t
!_1 {3.-i6-'+;c+tu)

,. l,,L

4 r .i ( 5 i 1)-T(1I+1)

," i: h

." t4 ]!! * !!t:i !:

." !r!-]L 2r:2

-5---1
!t! ll

4l) l@
t1!l D_ 4!!)
 fitubiplilztiota+l Exanpr.l8
ol lt4eb&ic
Dioititot- snhptit,dch E theJo avks auani esnt

tt&t@rtt atz!=t+ @i;--7

\r\^ mxattus otsebmt ?dcdar, \. fi^l
nd|41'rnrun.m.dloeah1'l|6wndlipt'
tr k$ntmtor taqatu ia &!4 to fon , $,h
rsdurion
ae"*"x tma, o*. ,, t ,* , p"a," ; in
nr.ur .4'.?r /a./,rj whichd connonb r,rr,

tqtiwtst n d^in\ 6otn 6e t@+dar 2d $.

= EI]_t!

r.t pprs]T
tinpw ea.' lf thefonavinsats.bni .4a

h)*'x- i
- sor"ti-
=1@zl!
"-'."+=#ii = trxlxb
I l t'1 . '4

-= Exercise6I =-
l")tx.xi;"lx sindiry a.h or $. ronowbsalgebdcdp6-
1,4,
r.+"4
lP

\\ Ld r^ ittiry dscbnli,
!nd@N. p. nK ir,zn
r.e l?r/,) rhe/icdid whEh I rhe/rtr,r dd
s.&" :_ e.lz "P! ^ e!

"#"#"#
'#"#.#
.#.#.#
t.
,, [!, D:

., [9, P:!:
Th. roa,,r' ol $is !4rd@ n r - 4 sin(
2(,1)+r= 3+3: 5lDd 4 l= 5.
-'5,'',-m,'r,'l
bc hliobiicd il rhc diaE.msshoNnaboE if
||.d:1*- ," 44: &l 6. vm aJ ltu Eadtk\
(I^fi s.) k aqkl b n\e Ih ol rt! 4@dn!' oi $.
," lL ,!:! ," l44L i!!
we .tu ,/tkt, r]]e s4(rit .r ,lrorc ii s
,. ECi, bsl -'9",1-11"1,1
n) Addhs re yrt! qnarilt to bdh sid6 ot 62
' - e.:
". 0) slbtadins u,e:nrn.qnntrt tnn tu|h:i,ts
z!!
(iii) rd,i,rl4 bo'rrsidcsof 'no !4!d@i by $.
26.t4r y (iv) Di rtis bo$ sjd6 of dro 'r7x.,''l by rh.

l4udtionl
iolutiouola Lireat
.\\
Trrc Dnro/ (or ?a!r'ft r/g,, = is usd ro dcmb
E4uatiotruith6ue
cqtoti4 Mtt it reaas i' eqMt ta . A\ cqtntiar \s
l4uhnowu
or,n 4rdr0 Er.to,r,'i bd*en.'? alflris or
ta salyr\ a lnrat cqrction\nn anenh)ow li e
m ,4m,',, {hich .s be'f'", ii D.foz: r rtpl !4(art,D r. trsmlly hr. dr sc rtrhoMj
ro rhc hrl hsd sidc (Lr.J.) lnd a]t rhe ro'D'r b
rhc iigh.handside (Rlri). rhe ',,2d adrlidr

r o r c r a m p l e 3 J +=5 3 a o d 2 ! + 3= J l.

An s4drn .d be likeied b a pdr ,/ 'rasliis

N6 o( r v^^ k.qritibinrx lar batd'n?).
(i e. nxed nl
{hfte r md , m coNdr imbe6)
 'rhn|ncr'j =r r=l|-3=3

Hei.erher,turr,' r = 1t h c,ru.r.
E\rnpte
&l

Fbn rh. $ov. adrrla jt cd bc s?,. n\ar qhen r

yd&eis sbownrltn.rzdd r[e r.rl,J., &etr ft ca
tu4fcrn6n\e R.H.s.by chonshs ls lesatir, nsl

cAsx3. lQUA oNcoNrArNnrc

MT'LT]"LICAT'ON

E\allpte2 f

_;. -

Diidins bok ii.t tby 5,w Ecl

Ilon n\e xbm ad,/. n .a b€ J?c, ira! whoi r
i:=!f
t, ron\erl,lrt by .r2,3,'s ns!,rrtnd rirn b !

CASE2: EQUATIONCONTA]NING

l t e nt u L r J =r- 5x7=35
E\alnpte
2A H.n ethesottnibn,= 1f eorcct

Solution
ci€n6{
Adans 3 b bothrit6, ve s.l
: 3+r=3+l Ircm theabok .srl. n cm besen rhd, wh.0 a
ur!?ishw!, ,2t itrso, df a.Jrs.,6en
*. cm
,unq?r r b drer.r.r by.Dswk;,oi4 And
*h4 \]e cns-nrttipb, the ntn. i nhslned
CASE,t: EQUANONCONTAIN]NC 51 3=2t+9

L*r4c 22
;='

v-

Mthipltits ttu|h:a{ 6Y6,*e s.l

;x6=5r6

c i v . nd d 5r-3-?J+9

CASE6: EQUATIoNCONTAINING
,u$"r ir b dE RE 5r by lMr ,r/riD/)ii8. Aid
{hen !e .D$ ,rr4,f, rhc ktu. is ,?,rI.,t, wh.i rhe ?4r.ln,, conbiN Da.ra', we tun ue

coNTAlNtNcGE
CASEs: EQUATTON
UNKNOWNQUANIITYON8OTH t'.^ptr24
satrettu e4uah,' 2lk - 5)= 3.

'
Solution

L,$\le 23
\ o h et l n . q d i n 5 ' 1=2\+9
rh.i the.,'1.5= l(3r - 5) = 2(3x r - 5)
=2(q t=2(4):
!2S

cAsET: EauarroN
coNrArNr\c

whctr dE ?4m'i,n sniatr/n,i,f. {e n6, nid

'he. cM or,hedurc,rm r.,hs DrllD/r a.b Mnhirbi3 4,h knt ht tlc L c.M .\. sd
L,r,\ lr.+2, lrL
iii
-fh.tr (,hJ r(i+2)=
F,-,\e25 r(4)

''"ti

MultiPrrbts Q.h tnt 6r ht L c.M ,\|e

't' 't i
rhen 7(r)- 5(3)=?(1)

rlr \x!rr!1r',.,rnirr. \t!/ir of r!

H"*''","1-i*'"-= 3i

10a..*,M 3 i-li++
: Ex$cht 6n -
.rr,/';pfrr e./' k,' byiheLc,u. wese'
2.r+i=9
 63,3(2. l)-2=2(r+7)+l

7 0 , , & - 2 0 + 3 r l- 5 - 3 ( a +2 )
7 r . 3 @ r -r ) 2 = 2 ( r + 7 ) + I
72. 3\ 2t4 st) = 2a1 ,)

76. ]I 40 - ]1): z! (:+1)

7e.?G+ 3)- e(2r r) 3

31.r(J-2)-4-2(r-D 2
:]1'5=3}+2

36,
37.4r+3=r-1! 33.

,r7.6r+3:15
4 9 .L 5 = l + 2 y 50.

5 3 .? : - 3 = - 1 7 54,

59.6r+4=]J+ r0 60.
62,

.. ?:-i=l?
e6.5(r x.)= 3 - 2(2 r)
66.3(r +4) = 5(: - 6) + 32
 'tbt
nhtiar at I lin a, hEqtnho,is a.dnie al
3+:?!+ ,
" ai oeqmrd an b€ tikhsd ro . ,,ir ,/ tr?i3rrs
*.1T2-!#:" ont ot qrilibrnar 6 ubat
arfr) tsoqerd. in r,,,? rn n.4 ,he ,a4ht!
pdr: o. v.!N .2n hata urtitibt h(t bdtlue^

j(: 4) _

!t-!
rhe erd'i,, r"r or 'hir r!4!aii,, is 1):i < r I
lri !

?t1

re. 5:- 1o ]J)=4r (,+r) {, , -rl

J eauatioaa,
\ lowcq ir o ,i.qur,o, is Dd,?rid q rinzl by
' rcgnhE rnnbu id rs knre \s dn,Ed
Tlr9 ''g(a/''} J4,i <. <. > ,,d > me Nd Io
otrcnl J,.4d,otrJ They hee 'iJ l.'J l',,: i

turirrra bdh sids by 2.ve ge,

rd4r.,r DsNrcg an ,'.4@ii( d n, a a&dcnr 4x( z)<lx( :)
ihour 'tu om quhrq n io' equr 1ii genftrt) ro
rn i qtunt!. a titar hlq@tial vhh ot nt

Me€ u .id , c com'os (i e. lt&d 24r enr"

 1ohtiotol a LbeaN
he4uatinluith6ue
lithwut
tn tli 'oltun at linnt hqtuhal\ wnh ane
unkiatn ti.e :nnpt. iEqtaliont nt]!1\t tut s e castr2: rNEauAIoNcoNrArNrNa
ab.!.d ash $e iotdiat ot lnrnr .qtuli.N N h
a/. ot ,y,. HoNse4 rhero/tr,i,, is nN siEi in
'hcto'n or a r,&ria' ra,, srn.. ir.!i 'akeup I z,s?
,/ 8tu4. nEE is rrsoo,? .r.sr64. {hich cs b. L,np e27
s'tvcthetu quotiohr 3>4.
CASf, I: INEQUATION
CONTAINING v..
,3>4
E\.tnpL.
26
Hene'n.ioatu re,is{::r> 7t.

Subndasltofr|dh:id?l'

fI *',
 cAsE3: rNEauaIoNcoNrA[{rNc

-11
| .4,29
]., ' 0 j , r 4 ;

renc 60 r,rr'" st n lJ r < r )

{
CASE5: INEQUATIONCONTAININGTHE
UN(NOWN QUANTITYON BoTfl

F,.,.,.30

rakirs ,11theu'i,o{, qm,i'f5 b rher.l.ro.d

sid?md$de6d,Jb1h.,,'/./i44dl.wcgel

CASE : INEAUA-IIONCONTAINING

L\,, ie 2'
Hen(|nc9r'ri,, vr is:tr i<2.51
we .!' repEsfl $e rdturi,zx., onI &,r.r /rp

.:
vdttPtins bak si.t6 6y 2, *. Ed
-1 3 :-i o I 2"1

Hn(rleer,r,r?rtr|,, -51.
 L\.'nr],rr5Z
so^c eattraJrc JdL,,n s iEquri!^;

I ,"! '-i' i
a,i".i-!:

t- r.3l
312\ t)>6 G) Grlsdd ri-):4r r
satv th?nk$ath

t.-. rrr'tlfts.dr k by'heLcM.. Nc14

r z L : \ l + r ! - 5 1 : r - : 1 -l + t r L - l
iit
Thena(rr)+ rr( t<3(fI) + r( 2r)

'>a
rr' n {tr:r > I5l FtEttutlti,ar thn q hat hy I 6tl
Hercoth. !r,i,r
$^B.ae $. ituatutitt ren.

H.i.c rlt frd;or er is ii r : r 1

Itr q oi x srdp, rs sl'ow. bdoql

 ;.: +,j
Ther.cM of $c /a'a,'i'"r4.J 2,3 rnd9 is
: Exercisc6n =.

ra:r I + r{i:ler3l-tl 1{-

then 2(2r)+ 9(5)> 6(r) - 9(r)

so 4i+15>6! 9
'e, & 6!>.15 9

Mubi.dt4thnushatuhy t. \e sa

Hetrce'heJol/@, x.' r {i: I < 27J

0 a,vm'|h i i<i+i

q t t - q - l . r L : , l +q I
'i
i i :
m e r ( 3 r -) 2 ( D < 2 ( ' ) + t ( 5 )

Md|iqhn|e|]lnusha|lbyl.\\ege|

-.-t
.'l
H.*,h.,,-d **
{' .' i]
 +'+ " nt;'i i Evnrplc33
sa^, r, tar al ,m, turetr ?qtntiail:
54=.

4'5

9.1 -+-+
4iuultarcowl4uatiotrt 'fhe .di.i?nd
otr r{ + r ud - I
,\ 7\*;s,6L 04ni.* E! & equdtk nosntuae,

sinuxaneM apatio$ re 2 slsLm oI yy{al

-=
Sh tdn,aus eq(atiahs t ,qutda ljat hee tJE
y,,? r,rrrr,,r. The ?4!,rio,r m ,u .4i$ed by rhe

r=5rnd)=3

ol
iotatio*
n\ 9i*nn*r,w Lhear F,r"'"1L
34
I4uatioat
tn@. eqrctiots N\th tuo
Mknaw) yatu{ sknntaneot(t!. t\.n tk !,lntia{
9obbn'edmNt$tisfy,,',q@lb64lheM,?
v-_

lhe Nlethodof EliminatioD

rn Niis 'r,e dh,r ./ riuraa4 ve make 're rhq N. cal nak2 tr\e t.elfciett oJ , qal w
wsriht or t\e .D4iciqt^ ot aa. ol 6e ut/fl.a\n auttiptriryNqntiotaby z tu eqmld a)6y s.
ralks aqkJ in oder ro gd dd or ir (i.e .lrnrtai? ft6ox?md@x5girsN
r). if rhe ri€D of the sqrcl o,ri.,.rs m ,,,,t 'hc
:oTe l\.c. bdh pollire at batlt n4atire), rbq we
:lbiod he ettkatih hant\e o1h.. olh.Nir we
lddtlf t4rdi08li.. it ont otlll..quakadxien^ i:
ll1c.o.ri.is,n qfJaE r,t l0. rhn is, $.
rnd rhe orhr one k ,?s.!0). i[ th! , dr, Nolji.ietts aJ' e eqvt it ,usnitr,L and$cn
!,rttu
rirs re rh ,aDq(i .. bar' aE rorirye). tlleftfoE
 ve td to'ubhut arceq@nutnmt\. ather.
I n comfti.nt rorr&u.r rhe in sh
r wly e rhdde odlctd ,t "4,rn,B
wiubop,rjd!. ir

so
ltu roi+35J-6r= 100,42
29r - 53
a"^dy35
solv thepir ol siqutwo8 .4wriont
we cd nN &rrdr!r. r = 2 in mr oio or rhe/a,

Slrriturtns) = 2 ib@givesu .7^ _

. .
-@

='
@
'=;
rrEnv. cnn ltptr@ x 2to Mk $c cenicient

o
rte cdfi.i?r ofr e -2 ad +2. Thd n, ln.
cae$ckn6ot ! {e eq@tin hositulre. tut $fn
't:ra \]e a m*.
$. caqti.rt ot , .eut w
n tiattq eqdkn@bri dn.qunu@b\ 3.
t , + r O-"2 1 + Z t- t +
rbusox 7 dd@ x 3 simsB i
35r+2rr=141 -O
6'+21, = 60 _@
I\. caqfcienho! ! e ban'2r. mrt n, tu c@f !1
nd,h13of, ft equalk neniton?8d lje]r ,itus
s thcen' (i,e ,,rr' @ Psidu). Tttrdm wc ll ,1
n .d to lrutud me eqtuim ftm ttr ouet. .rris
_1_
dratt\e .,4ri.i,,! at sin b.@iriy, ir polible

3sr 6r +2ry 21t = r47 64 i

so 2C.= 37 s,aoar;r,= ji" oer*. *
E 1=2-=l
w. .m iov rtr iiM. : = 3 io ay oi. of rbct ,r \ 2 1. '.,= lL
-Jll 4
s ;+]=;
slrMddns I - 3 i' o, wesd
t r=;_i
= iL.!.q.
j='t-t r=n
 Etnde 37
saly?th, et , ,tt rd'Ltun6 qin$
!

1,1,111.36 Solution
soh. th. siwthr@w qwtkns
o
3j '= 16 o
]'+?=6
t = r2-2r @
v^ s/rlrar3 ] = l, - 2: ji o, wcser
5r+ 3112 2i) = 3t
c i E nr h d ]J-51= 16 -O

?+l:o
MuttipLyiredd kn it@by ttE Lc M., w sd Mttlirtrits throvtont hy -r,qeg]|l

J-rrrdri,iis r = s jJ'(3).!d ger

i e. 5(2l) + 3(4)) = 15(6) , : 1 2 2 1 5 ) =1 2 1 0 = l
'' 1tu+12)=90 _@

ltu-sqr= 160 @
30. + 361= 270 - 6

30: - 3tu + 16) + 50) = 270+ 160 : Exercise

60 :
solvcc&h of rhefotlo*ing plin or.inuxaneous
.l=36='
s?r"/i's) = 5i' osiYes
]I 5(5)= -16
so &-25= 16
i'e'1r=2516=9
'' 9
.=a-'

Thr Xlethodof Substilution

rn the d4had at ybs'rutd, eL \F oN Lr*r

tor o,r of rhe ." Dr?r,,' l',/J,ar. we $d Mry.

ror rblr ,?[i' Tb.. qr dn ll,r;rft $d r'.k,,rred
'a|k \ndt ot|\e.q|@|iml aadfil|e|$|tf t@|d
 solle erb or $e ronN nc paiGof sinu b.orj

n,?'=,
?n'*,, = r sr.r'+t r=1
".
1. ?=5
6 0 . 3 ( r - l ) - 2 O l + 3 ) = t"4 "-+=;
5(4J+3)+r(4r+r)=66

rhe !4h orrh! fo dinsp'nsorrmulmms -----=

5
tr* Ihe psrhsrlcn by !*o boy3nnninc b feh .
bBisgiEnby'icsimdb@ousequ'iotr:
4]+r=24
Ddemine thepoirt (r, r) rheE rhry bo$

63. lbep$itionsolNomdsdr.lr6cnbdby

?r+3r=tl.
calcdde de point(r, r) vherctu tu rdds

iorve.achor$e forsi,c p,irsoreq@riotr: 64. Tte posirionsot eo nillry Ins d

!1. 2x+ \! = 21.7s 4t" 1x+ ' = 2a.$ ,}+1,=5

Ddemine rh. p.iii (r r) whc rbeNo u@

6s, Thepositiobsof rwosbishr mds de

EpEsenEdby rh. .qudions

solre rh. eqdion rofitrd rhdpGirionGj y)

 .h.'enn4qa|$cEaalgk.P=.}+/+7
Aul lpMeu- +7)cb
= (u! + 14)cm
LbearI@dtiot
h rik typeor rD"n we haE brm a r,rar
qwtkn \jidr de mkaaM (it. . sinpk eqrdnd)
non dretistrn rah.'b siyed.we $en rolw d'c
So
.-+-"
2r=10 14=26

r,:lnp:e38 Errmpk 4A
wh.n I thi,* afaunb.. dotbh I mA ebtud Ih? 'hrceat.ks ota hatEk ae G 20f,
e, + 3Af a Zr, D@tin [email protected]

Hsc r ih're 'hd l6o!sh' of$a It

1rieen ott\e Msta al'henhrste

ExanpESq = (r - 20)' + (2! + 30)'+ 2ir
= (r + 1!+ 30+ 20- 20)"
= (3a+ 30f
And6. &D orlnea4srerot,re rtausr?= 13{r

so 3r= l3O 30=r50

rh. sia6 do rtddrsh atur cn an'i 7 ch 30)"- (z x 50+ 30)'= 000+ 30)"

H.n@th. ryntud8 nr$..rybs .lthe ttuste

Solution
Ey."-E4l

Shk thEE d?dti[ odn nuntu's \|hoe

 bdr nE mn*alo| arJ |c da\d,kdo| a|
hetratb, t.\ t,Lrh|j. =(,-2)+r+(i+r)
n3lso

v^
la) ljt1n. thq @nk\dv aEn nu$q' r,?

=r+(i+?)+(,+4)
so '=-=: r

1.6) Ld the thtu r@y&ti! a! Nrrb.n be

=n+l|+2)+0t:4)

nt|lfu|]nee.ank|ti!.e|dlua$.6be

rc tr=-- 6
E xnp.42
A ha&ri!. atush.whs !t,. !t n bq atoitl Mcn I lni'k of a numberdoubhit, tb6 ,dd
afsf.uns tut h.t sh at hdE. sh. \anb ta scvei l ser25.vhat oumb€rdid I $ink of?
qend $1 75ananrp: andappb:.An atun{ I dink oi d numberbrlven ud ihc €$1r is 9.
eats,1154a anoppteca!: to.75.Cattd.k DdemiDethenmb€r rhd I rhoughor
thenmb.t X.a.hfait botght.
Tre lensd or a Htugle is r 0 cd, whichis
't 3
or irs pcdnoti EYab*eib pednetei
s.l rtt,-
{ r rbi,r of a nunb€4doubreir rid rheEsulris
1,1 tj\enunbeI el uhees b.neht : \ 9.Elalude$e mbdrhdI fsr thoughr..
sotj,e n@b.. olazpb, t\Tetu :e x
= 5. \her r tbin} or a numbe4dotrbbn. rhenadd
nre o' olr,ron3a s0.s0x r

6. \lh.n r rhi* or I trmbs, doubrc , rhenadd

trle, I set 13.ftremiie rh. iumbd $ar I

= 9. I rhinkol a numberll I subhd 6 ion ir ftd

a-i: j =) nurdpry$e dif{encs by 4 rheHUlr h 36.
Ev,rtrd. |ncnumhs6.! I rloushiof
r0. whd I thin* ol a oumb{ dd rdd s. rh.i $c
Hmc rhehdsjr. ,odr 5 dhg$ md ftstrrris 25.Fsn !n .quljon andsolw ir ro
frd l}e trmbd rhd I $ougbrot

la tt€ tunbn t torya baueh - x

hd&e n hb.t.lappt , boneht :t
rom equrim roapEs rhefollwins nar*
1:h.'dat n'nbet oJruit bousht:
o
12. I$in(of !numb4rdd?mddreBtrhk 15.
+ 0.?5r)- S475
$10.5tu

r+1.s,=9.5 -o
ts. r rhin* of a numberdoubreir md de rtsdr

16.Anu*nonNnb*nul'ipliedbyscivs32'

i=os:=i=3 ri. r,r,iil ofs iumb.r4drdd

f orr brof
ir.TheHulris14.Ddemirerhenmbs$!!l

Henft d. housewife
,''d! j onnsesmd r rpple!.
 r $jnk of r nmbm &d {dd
29. D{emine rhc @$.urive oddiunbes
ofn b of ir.
4' ;
Tne fldr is 34. Evalude rbenufbd drd r
30. sbb rhenumbft*hi.h wheoaddtdrobourrie
iu(@hr dd n\edeiominah or rh. recdon
rie bdgds of 6e rhE sidesof a riaogle e
r cn, 2r .f dd 1l cm. trs p.nned i, 30 cm. i sires 3 i* nurim ;.

31, Dd.mine rbre oiseuiiw evennurh*s

3J'Del€nii.tndnumbflwhi.hw!4iddedlo

rB.dm
,0. fte sid* of r Echcle m r i crEs a rw f@dq ;.
ptrjf.rr h 29dm.calcubr

.t, 35. Deremiie d@ corsuriv. oddnumbeB

16, Dehid. $. oumbushich *ho iddedro

37. ShE rbenmb4 *hich vhensubhd€n non

pdndd n 46 cn Deffiinc 6c Yalueori bod' rhenumsbi s(r !\e ddmindor of rhe
22.1]'.lengthoraEregkn5cnroErhmis n?cdoi
widrh.lf ib puined h 53 .n, cilcurareib i.ci€s a rew nrirotr ,
33. Sbren\eouber khich whm subhrd rbm
8. ne widd ofa Edasl. is ? .n l*s rhd ih borb$e trmtor dd rhedmoninMr o! the
rdcd. ri i4 Frimd* n s0 d. elcurareirs

39. KeIy had12dorrs od AenrI donils.Ami

:i. ric lhtu &da or a tiustc &e (r - 2t.,
bld 6 donm rd oxebd r donm. Th. eo
(2I+ ro)" od30.. cii.d$ rh. fas bdeof
emhbgle, giv.i rld rhesumol dE rgles or
F{m e tguarionmd elvc ir rodemine dr

rs. rhesdaorrfiangedG 5)".(r + lsl 40. Whn snoppins,Ms. Ve D,lme :pflr $r in

ad er + rof. ciYen$at $e sm or lh.
mefnr shop.lwiE rhd mooor ji rncsotrd
angl6oIatidgl.islso"'.ddlaElbesizc
$op, '] in r\e rhirdrhopand$3in rh. l$r
shop.Tte bri momr rb{ shespeores $26.
,. ThcrhemslesorarisgreN(2:+5)., (a) rom m cqultioDfor rbemonn' of money
(r I 0)" and65'. Evdude de mrsnirudeor
(b) solye$e .quariobb dcbmi'e rhemobt
'.civd'nduEugl*of3'iscl.ile or nofy 6d fie sp€nd $. fi61shop.
(2. + 20)6,(r + 25)"and(2r - l5)., .rlculare
cos $6 .sh bd theftmdndq .od s6.50emb.
:r. Ddcfrioe rlne os{urive .ri rumbds If rharonr dounr spenrwa t56, howmaoyof
it2, Fotrfutr dicles fre boushl sme .on $2.00
eachandrheamaindtr co! $2 25eeh. lf $. lloJ Drcl&rn*
lo'aLlroud spenin $30,how.my o. a.h l\
Linear
lw4uation
43. A nanb.ushtl3 tuih someo($r 50.eh Ii rhis type of p,r/.4 ve havero rom a /i,€a.
in.qrctiot h anen k"av li.e. a sktpt2hcaw.
rohr of $12s0.Hdv Erny ot eachfruir did n ,,,) rem dre r,sriJ, r,kn.m given we ih.n

4d A frlhf vaDr robuya robl ot r'vc nirk

driikr rn hissonlld spend$?.9s.Ai csnos
co{str.55'nd I oesu!pu.chcos6$r 65

r:qtpte ($
45,Andflbrseieht.rsdc'Maryba1.8. rhe qil qf o,eeqk 'nat not be nae kan
t26ch,.ilk t t9th atthepddgte n B.n,
catc ak thz seat.n pasibk yalk? oJ^ vidk.
ha. Fom rn €quarionmd dcrominehN
v:.
46. (a)Aborori6sekgconni.srrnichserh
ofm$s 1.2kg wrib dsn s cipssioD lihetreaofi.tuBL,a= tb

(b) Hs nmy di.lq ft rheEin rhcboxit

so rhevlaal si n: lr:, <?).

47, rf rourshirs dd nlc lc$eyr cos 1370,.,r.u,
Here $e 3Ed'5r p,si,la rdr,? or its N,?rr,,tu

,r3. Mrs Neirsboushrsr 55in soctrks. s[c prid

h{b r in $s rtrds20iod! 6iry a rod of Exan e44
r3 ndbq carcuhreho{ 'my $20nob ydc
rhe ta o! a td4L dd nt betuE thot
tai .m, {lhe kgth Xthe bw otth. tiancb
49, Thehnsrhof a reddgt h 3 m sred{ rhd
t J2n dMnine th. Etd., posibk Mhe of
penm.'d oi rhc(dangte is 26 n.
5U A loman hid $r0o sh. wed ro a meatshop,
I bookro id i dru8norc.shespedfour

did rhedrugnorc sr,esp. $r5tssardf

booktorcihm r d'c drucioe. sherhenhad

(r) using $: 'o rpr$d 'hc amountshespd'

d rhedros$oF,erpa5 il llsebnic rns ,." i=ry
(i) 'ne d'otri' shsspefttr n\emcdsb.P
(ii) 'n. snom' sbelp€ntn die book.hof
so'ne.ttu/idsris {n:,'< 13t.
(b) obraiDu eqD'rioi rd rberohl mouir
s.n c tnesnak! pdiitlc lolneat rs axitod?,
htu
amounr$e sp€ntai tu drugnore.
E\anpre
45 boushd ,450 ?..,
tu riM.f dttuuuhr tMk 5nM'
bousht a. f,/.so?a.t :15 J
IJinpqitu nat,at 4ed 33net d.tur Th. t ral.,' of thcch@labs
nnt . 3tu6t tensthth. nM m hd'. botrsbr3r,,1.50eacr = $4.50x I
= $4.50r
v^_. Aid lne roral.or ol $. .hocohrs
= $7.5005- :)
boughd 47.50ra.i
=$o12.50 7 50r)
L.! de le4rl of th. Edd3alor moD = I neB
-(-5) -
Thus 450, + 112.50 7.50r< 8s 50
so ln.,idr, ofd. z.ra'!!r'en
?.50:€35,50- 11250

Muxibbhs thrt4haut6y t,ve s4

3r> 27
)... 1>-l
... r>9
{r:}>e}.
Hencc$. /.or ,!,rrgr or ch€oldes rbat cm bc
P = ! + l+ (l- 5) + (r - 5)lmfts
=(+l+l 5+t 5)tutu
=(r+r+r+r-5 5 )m e h s -= Exercise6q :
r. fteftrof a tuge nu$no' b. moE
drd r93.h?. n $e reognor rbctrreck n
l3 ft, calcula€n\esede* posible $lE of

1 Tte reaof a EbnsrenNt norb. mE$h

24?m'. lfln. widrhof0r. ErDste is 13cm,
sodr r,riar sr is {l l< I2). dermine rhesMs pslible Elue ot irs

3. ft.leisrhof r@rdsulItuldis t3n.]lib

sMes *id& rhd rh. ficld ed bave

4,Thewjdn\ofanfugdtrnddn9lm'ria
E"t!!L46 pqimder nus oor*ed 54n, deemine dE
c@bn l6slh nharuiefield cm have.
A noth{ h^ b bq !5 chacolrBlorchritu
lar sme chia.a. sd. tu $4.s0eo.nnahe 5, rlre ag or timgle m$ norbcn@ rhb
Etuihdu cai $75o.o.h. cdtdkk th. te4 102cd), Il th. lensthor tbeb8s.of rhe
tuhb* oJ.hacototesrhe can tiry dt $4.50ath dogb n 12cn, crrcuhrerhegElBr posibr.
il the ta'at eoi 'o h4 n6t n aeat $45.54

132m?. ff me€rtjtud.of rhe!i$gb n 1l cm,

Solution czicuraE$e sdrs Frsibl. vdE of ib bN.
t. Theba$ or i aisculs fidd i5 145 n r ib
lrlod|mller-
rlrirde rhatthetioguld 6eld.m /\
st!b{
Lheat
1iuultdreoat
3. Thexldrudcor i rirnsulfi ne|dn 145 m.lf E4aatiorts
irslru m$ norermd t74 n,, .,l.ulat dre
grden baselengd $at &e aiusulff neld Ii $is 9!e orrDrr.n Ne hlvc b rom r pd,i of
sihuLknans Linar .quatia6 tran hc Enstish
9, TocwidrhotarcdmgulrromisTnshort*
1td i6 lel8ih Ir ib gJimetr rDe hord.ed of rirurdi?"u li..ar rq{oridnJin odtr to ded
33 n, crld,lie ihe grcdd l.ngth rharn\e njrethe m,nitude ot tlE nkaaM vdtu{.

r0. rh lmelh or r Ecbiedr ndd n 6 n srcrd

rhn irs{inh. c,l.ul,t L\agred*t posible
Emt47
vdueol ib wid& ir rhepdnd{ ol n\efierd Rdma baqht 5 honhqn an't3 piar Jol
s167.75.lI hNer{ Rana& hanbarqhta hzn
11- Tr. brseol a tisslc is 10cm.Dereminerhe
srcdst tosiblc vrlueol irs ilrirudef $e ea $193.Colcnke thepne Ranou paidps hon.
or the6imsl. munbebs $$ d cqDdro buEth!]N|piaa'.afidfunEn.are!eli'

12, Tbqvidrh oI r rcddgulr momi3 I m rhdrb

v^ :
tbai iE l$e1h.II ib pennc@rmus notcx.ed
t^tr,a rricetu. nanturc{ =sh
r6dtlE p'iefa. o Ptu
13. ElcEn book ue b b. boughrfor a libruy Sothcpt rtr 5 t i,ttrrssd=st t5:s5,
" =$rx3=$3p
som co$ 9350ceh sd dr. rmind{ co$ Andn\epridrn 3ri.ai
t5.00emll whd is rhes'Eatesnunb{ or rlen ete bbl ptiu tot s hanburyds8d
books*hich .s bebousntd $500 ach il de
tobl 6r nu$ not beroF rhai S49l $(5' + 3r) = $167,75 o
14.Amdhdharobuy12chocolat$forEsr.r Akoll'cplicfol4/'.fi,!rygj=s,',1=s4[
lor &nc cbndEn.somecod $5.50d.h sd
6c rminder co$ [email protected] is the Hence6c tatdtptu tot 4 hanbut*s Lan

boytri t7.50e&h it thebrrl coi nus mt t(4n+4p)=sle3 -o

ls. A rolhd hd h buy I3 .homlab lor Eid ul

Fit ror sonc childn. sone co$ $3.50emh sh+1p=t61.75 -@
rnd$. rmhdercos$5.75edh crdlb 4h+ 4p= re3 -@
rhcl.sr nunb{ ol chNlaros shecm buy3r NowO 4aod@ 3 siv{ trr
x x
$350erchifthe ror,l o{ b htr nN b€l.s zah+0p=61r -@
rzh+ 12r- 57e -@
16, Fine.i boo*sft id b. booghrlor a shm1.
some.6t g3J0 crh sd drercnoinderco*
$9.50.acn.c.lculrc $e le6t oumb* of bdoks
vhi.h cm beboushr!r S3.50emhif thebbl
@q m$ mr bemoodd $11550.
so tj,. F;c! lu a hmtursa is
 r = rr s houecer
sidxri'drs N o wO : 3 0 d O x 4 s i v s u s
5xll.s+3r=167.75 9 t+ t 7 P = 9 7 . 5 O
i... 57.5+tp=167:75 r6t+ rzp= rsi @
''' tP = 161:15- 575
= 110.25 1 6 r- 9 r + D p r 7 4 - r s 1 - 9 7 . 5
|l025 -
_ p=___= t $
i .=f =3.5
s. tr,eyi. lot a ei@ is $36.15.
sodre.,r?4 D,i is$3.50.
Herc. t\e pti.t f.t o honbury?ris $rr.so &d trc
(ii) s,rrtrrtr / = 3.5ji @weset
4x3.s+3P=39.25

z,"npte(f, : t9+3925-34=525

a boyb.tueht3 hlis nd 4 pi^tfM a shq ua

ne ed$7m chae.Ju $4o.rthe hdd sorhe.dnr!r!i, is 9r.75,
bM31"I nti, Md 3 Piafank w th.p, Hme dc ena.. roriis $3.503ndrheot
th* hewua hayenei,.d $0.7t .hus?

la) s'ak a pan oltihuttues eqntia8 tul

Epd#tt ttE htandih 3Mn abave. ery:Il{le4?
USE: fhz.a! pernn = $r
Tnebn perpie = tp. a tM boryhts thia d $20reh aadj
l^q' d $15?achat d taht @! oJt155.4
havMa th. hrd baryh hafar mnt shns Md
tuice 6 tun! n^4, th.n thetut @e\|.ua

Solution
'th. dat coi ors shituddjnners
sorhe.,rfor3 rori =$rxr=$3/ =$p0xr+15xj)
Andd'.arrtrari,r - tr x a = ia, = t(20r + 15,
H cefie ,ru r .d ltr 3 drr dd 4ria hr
r(3r + 42)= $(4o- r.so) $(20r+15,='l55 _o
i.a. S(3.+4r)=$32,50 O
.lso rhecar,ror4 zri' = $. x 4 = 94r fte bh! bl ot;, shinsarnzi n6os
And[E osfor 3r,i,r =$Px3=$3p :qr^-1..,<-'.
Heoccrhe,arar.,r ld4 'ri' sd 3r,e' is: = $o0r + 30,
s(4r+ rr) = r(40 0.75)
i.e S(4f+ 3r) = S39.25 @ $llo' + 30r = 90 o
P,ee tj\e pr at sia*mms .tuatioE 6d ThecDerutud p.n ot sinuhdeaq lireat equa-
EpEsmb rh. iifomarion gitn 3bft tul
3r+ 4p= !2.5D -O r55 -O
4r+1p=39.2s -@ reo -@
li) Th. mstud'd pnir oi inutlareow tin dr
950
3r+4p=32.5O O
4r+3P=3925 -@
 A tlchtr hs to buy6 smc|. SnmkA cons
$4.75bd SDmkB cons$6.25.Ifhc sp.nds
$n450,ddmiiic ds rumb{ ot e{h rypsof
slbttlri,B r = 4inO givs us
sx4+lsl=q5
i.e. 20+ 15,= c5 5 pacb or gGpcftunjoie .nd 4 packsof
'',15J=95r0=?5 onngejui.e r' r robr .o{ or $ le 75.lr shehd
-J:F=] bough'r prcksor gnp! rruirjuie a.d 6 prkl
of onnsejuice ins*d, 'n. bot &$ *outd

(r) dc.o$ ptr Fk or graperd jui..

(b) ibeco$ ps pek or oftile juice
: trxercise
6. :
A snl booghr2 tuli! hd 3 piesftr $10.00.lf
r. tur b.u3ht 3 bordo8ssd 5 h.nburseFror shehadbooghr5 rclis and2 piessh. {otrld
$3?.75.Il] hoq€84 Rir hrd botrghr4 h.t doss
xid 4 bafrbu€4 $e lould har prjd s29.00.
{a) w;r rwoequnioosrolepe*n! rheintor
Cllcul& rbdpncePjr paidp€rhordogmd ps
(b) calculft n\ec6' p{ rcri.
G) D4emine rhecoi perpic.
ror 5274.4 boweki $e hadboughrI chick.
.is aid 3 ducksrrr robl cod woutdhrveb.d Ar a marker,7 msgo* hd 6 pes co$$12.50i
dd 5 nan!€s md 3 peds .os s 14.50.rd $n
resesni n\einJomrion givci rbove.Hence [pnsd d!.os ofoE mugo ed t? ftPH{i
sorv.drecqud'onsrodermhe $e .o* of a
.hi.r.i xndrh. co( of a duck or sinurratos cqudion3roFprsflr rheinfor-
3. Niie book.rE robebouehrby a {trdor. sotr
co$ $6 eeh d n\eremiinder.os s6 50ceh.

book at s.h pri.e rc boushr? A nobcr boqhr 5 peks or chmot,r Eilk

1. M* N,idu boughrs 155in gmdei shepaid
htrb snn ss fd $20noEsusingr bl,t of andE.eiv.d $3.35.haisc riom r $20bin.
13.ores.cakurab hov n,ir .i qch qpe of

em.dt, sd \he wouldh$r rftivod 50.65

5'Anudslvfflbabok{qeddboghrl
book cosriog$s 50 cacbmd y booksconing
(a) shr a pairor simurMsur .quations'Iar
$3J0 eml'. shespar $5r 00 hd boushrI roral
of 3 books.Deiemioedreimbs of books
UsB ]]re co$pd p&k or.hocolrE
6. A hrhd Naft .o buya robr of s hirk d.inks Theco( pd Pdk or sknbery
tor hi [email protected] eggnoscosr
s1.55,id3 peuurptrichors t1.65c3i
.urarerhenunbtr or erh ryp of m k dnnk (i) r pek ofchocoliE nilk
(it a psL or *rwb€'r nil}
7, A houspife ourshoppirsddd6 robuya Anude boughr 7 peks of milkrnd5 pkk
robl of 3 fnns 10rh* sonarlrome.shew,i6 olonngejuicerors20 15.rfhchadboushr
rospeidsl ?5oi o4ng* 0d applesAi 5 pmk of mil} ad 7 prds of oBnsejrice
otuso cors s0.50qch ind anappre.osE
$0 75erch.car.ular dc !umb* of ercb9p.
 (1) usin3 '' rorepFsentn{e.os in dorhs pd (a) usins* rorepr.*it $e cos (i. dolido of
pact or mi|r sd] b cpEsed rh. con jn de Fck ofxmd y b cprcsni n\eos (ii
dolld pd prck or otuge juiej wir d@n dondl of onepadror y, wriF dNn a p3ir
of sindbneousequriionsb repE$nr rh.
s $e itrfomarioneiv.n $dvc.

(i) rhe.sr ptr pl.k ol mlk (1)se.de of a pa* ot r

(ii) 're cos p* p@kof oruse jui... (ii) thecon or a plck of x
r,r, An rur botrstu3 bdles of co.mur w4r od 19, nre ss ot rvo mis od $Ee bontedddrn6
a botlesor wasftelonjuice ror $13.a0.Ir i$21.75. r hadbotrchr $ieercris.ndrvo
3 bordesor wdemdoi jue arrhesme em, prys23.- CdculaG
iheco$or
ery, rhenrhecon vourdhlve bmi tr4.95.
(r) usine. to rept{d theco$in donffsper

20. M^. Khanboughr3 dres.s and4 sbift tor

juice.NriF I pairof sindbeous equrio$ s795 Tr'eco$ of . sbin h $20les rlr0 rhe
rofp&en! &e inronarioDsjv.n !bnE. .os or a des. wrire dstr lso equxrionsmd
(conin dond pe d6t md s Go( ii do s
(i) 'hest ptr botdcoacocoDu. waEr pfl sru). solve$. equilionsroderemitre$c
(ii) ihe cos pd bode or $amelon juke.

juie for s3.75 r shehd bo4n' No hordocs

dd lrce bou6 of cmejDic. sh. {Nid kd r0E glishbooks rortrroblot$355.Irshebad
pdd s9.0o.cxlcur4eihe pn.e or sordl0 Ma('cmdicsbook ud 4oliglish
boors,sb. wourdhaLrsor$t:rs mor calcu-
r.re drepri( of ckh rnE or book
22, lte sm of rwoouDbflsh 1r,1.Doubr &e
16, Ihe.or ol $o mrismd rhtr p!ti* n s17.50, finr numbtrniius $nce rhessond rmb* is
{hile lhe .o$ ol fou' dis dd $ne p4riosi! equirto 63.Dd.miie rheso numbds.
t30.50.Fom a pai!of sim'riaeousert@ios
sd sorverh.mto ddcmine: 23. A nm *.fi ro I poq of6cero buysmc
$amps.r beboqhr n 50enh lmps sd r,
25 cei6 imps, rhebr.r .on woutdhaveb*i
$3.50.n bs4e4 heboughrNice 6 mry
17. Ar r 9rt..ry 7 peks of nil} ed I bdils ot s0 enb ienps dd hrrrN mby 25cenh
wab cos$31,50. {hne 13pmksof nitk and sdnpi rhende rord .o$ *ootd hlve been
6 bordAor lrb cdn $3e.75.
lr) u.ic ,r 'o EpEsed rhecon {ii donrt or 24, If 3 n dd.d borhroihe ou*dd 'nd
oncplck of mirkand' rorcpE$m $e .d$ de,onindor or i n&doD.rheFsult is
(in dons) or onebolrleor warq vrrr .",.i -, ,".,-.*,..
(t rhecon ofr Prk of mir Dehmedreo'icful|lstio0'
(it rhesr or a bode of w!b.
2s. A s bough'r skinsd $l0 e{h andjjeNys
13, At i 3mery, 5 pmkl of.t dd ? prckr ol Icoi at[r5.r.h!1ahralcosots235.It ho]Be.
s26.50.9 prcksofx md 6 p&k ot l, rtsoco* sb. hodbou,lhrhalr6 mdy shitu lid r{ice
s nmy jdcys, meoihe rohr .os wotrtdhlr
brn s2r0.Evolu4c r andj.
1,, A {olm boughtr shins{ 556.50.eh 6d
d dEss !i $95.60ach !r a brsl co$ or
s417.?0Iflh.hadb.uehlhdtamsysbins
indsicsfmydEss,n\mlbeto$rco$
wotrldhrvebeen$495.40.Evalut r md L Now s3x 51= (s x 5 x 5) x (5 x 5 r

ajso a{xar_(axaxaxa)
!(alax!xax,)

Tne0cdftdofltj&gle,4-'cn,4cm.,cis4cm

lotithtelnteqv;l?rle*
/t\
we knowrhd2rm.dr 2 x ? ! 2;2 x 2 Aid wc

rhennb.t 2tJ,. btk ndtJ,enLmbets $. inttextt sr;rltpLe

$ f
Exp6s ea.\ Xth. fallawkB p'pdtdr in kd*
Nr\enau$t 6 aMlsebrai. qud lnnrli'lied
by i,rfzpa?drr, rhenir an b€a?used d abase

l d )p , x q x t x q x f t f

t:qp p5O v;.

Etp,4s u.h olltEtauovkt pnduds k kd5 (r) Now 24x 2r = zar = l,
(b)Now ixri=:r4=!
C) Nov ri xr: x )r xr, = r})ri{ = L r'
( d )N N ! : x a r x r x d x p t x t
k) q\ qtq\ qt4x qte
@ )t t r x r . b t h . n t ' b m
(e) rx' x r... tothe! t n,

Solution Ditt:aiort
l\
N@qx q t qx q / qx q I q= al
t,t"t"t"t,2",,,
(e) N@r xixr... to rhe16rn = tr
1\4t1\4xI
 'rha
is, ahen \|e rahe the pdtet at a qtu,1it, b ^
t. t"/,^h"-^,"^,,
N!'4 ,!
h\,mllc55
sinptib a.l aJthehna||ins ?4zsius kav
ins lav aritt nt kd!. tunr:

@t \ 3"' l

):nnrt<52
Lp,.$ e.h al th, tola\ ne qnoti,h^u indt

Now (ri)r)1 = rr4)i! = I rjl

Nou
Er4l.=:!t =tu:=p!

ia) Now 5' 4 5' = 5' 3 = 5' = j

. Zep ?r)*
b) Now dn + d5 = d' I = {r
l\
r) Noy iri i r, =i 'rr , = r), = rll
td) NN p.qt,4 + c|t - pf\t ry ' "=,,=94=,
txt

!ouert oa)lor.re*
I \
(23)1:(2) : (2r)x (2) x (2r)
= 12x 2 x2) \ t2x zx2)
t ( 2 N2 t 2 ) x t 2 x z x 2 ) .ihtis,4! qtudiu nitulbtt
=2x2y2x2xzx2x2x etu iraq is .|Mt

c\oltpretv
Ddemire thewtua alearh af tte Jouo||ns
=t?tttp)ttPtpxp)
 F=

lvctionalftatbwl
Jtbe*
14e4atite /\
Jule*
l\
No{ 1r=(2}=2ar=2r-2
L a"a V?=rE=z

Ako 3j = (21i = 2'i = 2, = 2

,r"a i6=i6=:
r'* s,'=\16
=a 3l=e)l=2tl=2:=a
,r^a r:6 =r.16=i4,: r
_._-L sl: vs:
Henm 3i k &..'|,l d of rberqlau or 3.
NN sl:: (3a)t:r*t = rr = 27
&d nGn=n?F=t4;=::=ur
'Itar is, a
4k ri!- vi$ a..8cri" ids n ihetifx? n'u rLl= ViF
(at rcipne, ot 6. qlatuo \rh a pasitiyenid
Hme Blt is dr/d,,/, ud o. djd&rg or sr.

Nsrn: ft. a4i Dd oJa ,!ar.r c.n be ei'n{

E ." ^ ^ - A < pdrrrvaor ,.fdrd?. FordMpl.l
16 = rs-a Vsr=::.
ta) Re\|.ik.a4.f th.lattrwiB qcsktr HoweE w. m only r,!-ingdr ?,ririrf Dr ir rbis

1b) Rt\ nn.otr) attE Ia a lins !pd,ta,\ rhlt n, ii a 4!4diry wirh atuc,io,ar (or ro'id,ar
ind?t, tIE dendlhat a| \st\..od nt thenmerud
rirt L ndrep,rurto ich $c 4{!n14 h roberon.t

Errn ft56
D4tntin th.\ah. at.uh D!theJotk\ n{
=t
 17.)i x)i $, dx.5
,51= \6= 1& = 5 t e .p t x F a. dx4
^. rxf x.5xr. ,r.rxr:x)ixI'
u5l = Vl,5= {tr= 5 2 3 .f x 4 x pt\ q5 24 ttxq3xP2xq6

\xnPte57 2 6 ,P t x q 1 x t x , 1 x q x f
27.Xxqtx/x4\prr
tuknine th. wtu al.eh oIk. Jo avuc:
,3'Jlx'3xzlxllxyXz
2 e .x , x f xz4t ttrlx r
.7- - . 3 0 .o s x E \ . 3 t a x c x E
E\pfts sch oI $. rono*ins qmrienbin indq
e) Nw tj = \211= 2el :2' = a
Athd1tdy 321=1!l_=Xw
=l6a-y =+
b) N@ 2?l = €)l = t"l =3, =,
Aremdrvdy rTl=\tt=V(').
=Vln=y=r

-= Exercis€6s :
E$Es 4ch cf de lolowiDs p.aducb in jnd*

r.2\2x2x2\2x2x2
z 3x 3 x 3 x r x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 sindiq, qcb ofdc fotNins dprcssior t4ving

4.9t9r9xSx9x9x9

3.oxaX4X''''b'hep$cm
9 ,a x , x , x . . . , b d E c r e m

E\prc* .fh ol rbcfollo*iig strd&tsio ind* * \r"t

6&1141'
," /r{\,
ft@rhe rhevalueol ach of$c follo*ins: Now2r3x},=6]r{=6].
7r.9 72, t5D 73- rzln 74 pD 75. 4 Ns3'X4ry=rFri=1:\.'
wft sch ot rl'efonowing.rpEsiors osiis pci- N& 74 -r' =;=
1 ? r : = :,,
Now (t1i)i - 5'srl1'1
76.5t 77.15 7A.,. 79.!1 a 0 ,a 4
wri6 edh of rh. fo wing *pEsion! Nins ,esa

k,xd v67=$L,=r,
3r. & 3:, rc5 3r. F 34,t 3s.d
D.l.mii. $. vatEot sch of thefotlowi,s:
36. rl 37, 16l $. 491 89. &,,
E\.mde5q
eo, ri+ el 1l s2.21\ 93,6!j siryttt'r a.7 oIltt hlowhs qpEsias:
e4. 2161 e5, 34rl 96, 64t e7. stl @ drx\F 6) *'y!,,':i
e&rrt e. 31 1oo.rooi rm. st @ a6i!) a td) so ral- a1)
rm 3t r03.slj rM. 16l ros.id
Sulution
' r.Vi-" .J
\ LaUt0l ttrotcet
a-l -r.r
Tbe rfla of t{ru.x c all]mdi$d b.td: =ri
(ij d:d,=d,, =J

lrrir (r ) - d" (b) Nd 3-3)t x x.t

(i, d: r =6'!t.l

(ri).r= ta =6! (irm.db wdEmine

(!,,) d"'= ! ; Pdri. haics oa\y)
(c) NDw 06r) j = l6E( 1;'{-l)

l\Jnllrlet, _!tt,)
sinptilt ed.hefthcfatto\|its dpnrbl,: = 41xFlF1
a) 2i ,n
k) 7a' + 3a' ld) (slf, -=; ffreedbwicusiig
11i:1J:J:::;l,i
 ' 06r)r

N r m t u a r yt q ; , : r f ,=&- t
(4)r:
=L
4kl/ {3)j

3 dl x r + j d ! x ( - . 1 G s i ] l e
3/-l't - 3u-F+ .qd'".l*.
=!
Xsx,Vt=ltxX7

r" - il iit*.ao*,ieu"g
r. paxi'iv irdi.s at\) E^t!td,6l
D!'ni ,h?vatvat4th ol EtaLto\a8

F\J T60
Ddemke dE wtre ot eeh ofthernbvks
\]6/

o !axtli
'*.,=+=,
N* (3r,=#=

= -i!=T n
N

=!l

=94

,^
,&r", ^a./i.-" 1lE\
 .;\
]L

: ,. --ll3l-
h|l

,, /!41!l\,
tit ,. /.lrfl' x. \5!
n.,!16f ,s../tzs'f
u
2e.n5l;'r 30. \?32,.).
s0pL4 s(h nr'lre fu h$ trgdpEs oft:
3

34.dt x \rG

E\c,1, 62
Dd.ahe th? \nu. oJt'z vhst ! = 7 .

'
Solution

o=

$d

sinplif, c$h or rheronoving*pssiom: N's",.s+

". -=;]-

'l. Vrx ' it+ 72.'/6'l:E5

n. t/n x't/n r+ r.,st^ \74 ^^= r!
rs. r:4x x i6+r
Dd.dii. m. varucofeeh ofrhetoll*i's
S0lution

'=l

9s, 343-1 96.

\-/

*(@J- .. usi,g rhe/,nr,i,. ,n, tr sd

r01. D{mine tbsBluc orrs vhd r = 5 j.

10'aCdcuracin valueof/, *hm: = s-l
r03. Dehnnc thev'rtreorlr vhh ) - to L
104,cdc'ndelncur@ ofr| *ber y = t3 J.
r05, Calcfib lbelrru. of), vhd ) = 12l

6ol*iot ol a+Eatatbt
\
fihetethel4*krour
QuattUyi: it tlw }l.l*

nkaaw 4kanti.tis 1ntlE inns aadl},.n bes {e

rlud o tun bs* cm b. '4ul'i?4
'=4=_t

E,r,lpte63 ,!=ii
 : Exer.ise6u :
solvcurcfo|lo*ingeqmdms
2.31-243x'5&=625 'Soltrtirnr

6. tf64' 1 = 4,{, evrtde 2.

7, rf27d:=35 4,.'r.utrb rhev.tueof4 - t i6 r ri \insdld.ra
3, Civm rhd 241ts!= 3,{, eulure lte macni fom candto
3 r.J)
= 7r' !, dlcuraremd iab (b)No* 763500=7.635x r0o000
9. Giv.i $!r hor'i
= 7.63sx r0,
= i 6q/ rt: (\nstudard
fuD am|6
11, solw theequdion6 x 6i - 36 x 6e1 3"r)
12, Dddnift rhcvrru. ofr for *hi.h

n, solve(4.)(3Lf) : 64 ror:. liianddtd

14, Givenrhn (5r)i25r{) = 6?5,ddemineme fant caructla
3rJ)

No$ 0.0n0!lr6=r0m-=416. r0 I
16- sorve(,nzt(n! r) = '!{ td i
linsdtk d
Jomaml
.or rr)
19,,' = tl
".s.'=+
,0,r5I=-
Fron theabove€ra,eler ft ca bepctr rhd rrrei,,.
,er beivd r ,,1 10i$a! is ,ilj is .oneded 6 rhe
givm dmbq orsis,i/i@'ri3!ur.

r,.,^'pt"
S$
itatlarl fo* (o+ Ea-* \,/t;A a $.,a.,,tb,,
t ciehtili.
l,lot6tioh
) Entud. o 44x ttyl. slks,Nt usrt

A ,r,'b.. 5 said b be wilti ii 'o,da,d].,n' (or

scbti.ti. tutht) *bn catekh \C;;;-aa9 x n-, lhti,s w

t")","',.,"
J# ",,^,.,,,*",,"
Er.^pt 64
Etpns eachot thela o|'inc nnnbe's h !an.
daatum can4t ta3 sisniqankures:
(") N"* Vi;oo = Vr56 x 1tl0 N-*: nE. to'
= \''i6, x ri} n6x r$

=n5llxro-xro,
=nE/.\o-
= t, :. i: tin edndatd km)
=n5,-0"

G)N"* V6,ooost-i;r= i6! 10', ro'

= r: I tdr (b,k^rald
= n,sx 104)
= ./5 x 10-x ro-
= t/t x ro-*
=\tr,xff
=\'6 {,* linxtuadadlo )
=\6. ' ro- qt!]!:1
q!!

LZiAl
lil
1E
: ?r tq]
=04:10 r
=4.0xl0LXl0r
:.tj .: )\j
litbnda fam)
Flm me !bov. a4rll€' ir cu be rs.tr dd, I '!, lh landotdkn)

$ a r4df (,i,rr r lio*er of 10. lhse inder t 1

barore ns rqlaa nmr!. whose.|l,r rur is roberound,nus bev;!
r mulliple ,12, whde n{ssq)
etr s r.,b, (rin$ a po{n or 10,whde md.r r 1
r rultiple of3, whm m*$y) berorci! &b Dd

'.'"P.66
e+'^"Xiifr nn 'a-ap,, F,.\t 67
Entuak (2.7, 101)t,
siiks Jaut aB{ crtcutai. thamdvatw aJ4ch 6l thetottav.
i4q1nsib^s'efil:ncQchnn!w|k$andad
c.xa," '!a.ana-Vn-' " atw-
t;;;
' ti a anrc.'l +. Fw4 w u:v4 tn
,, lll:.1!:l
 No* 35 x l0r + 2.1x r0l : llxrrrise 6! =-
Expasseachor dr htlwing iunb{s in imdald
i'm ftd b 3 sienincaorfigmr:

No* 3.4x r0r- 5.1x t0: 6.75360

=3'4x10J0'5lX10l
3.347300

15.0000471 16.0.00003246
17.0.0000137113. 0 000003123
r9. 00000&397 20, 0.fi]00001343

'*\ or J=l r l ,t. \,541(' n. r'4+qoox. t4:soo

,a.\6s100 ,s.Vtid
Evilude ekh ofn\e rollo ns.rprcssiosjsiing

2 6 .o u x n t t . 6 ) 9 \ n " l
23,(6.25 x rotj re,(2&q x rorl

sinpliry.eh ot 6e fouo*idgqpE$ions,.bnns

31.V0r004x l0 6 32,v0.0021xr0 r
$. Va.oll+tltl*- 3a.\fi,r5l ro-
3r Volla-ar
x Lo-
Eyaluare
.achof rh. folldinc erpssions, givins

sllic
= 2.sx l0r;.

(!ia ardJothJ
Frcn rhe $ov. €id,rpr,s ir .b be s" rhri, *hcn

iutdo.d fom. then x. n|sr eonve a.h Nnbel

"ry
Eprcsachollhcfullwn'€*NsioBitrsh-

4r J44ooo i4r5ooo
to d. [r3tu$ p,r?r or 10 3iys,, Go $ar they bavc
'r,c sme powq or tol bdm we cm pmc.d ,o add €. \rr16ooo n6oooooo
,$. \Ttooood
 carcdde lnc .rri $lE ol rhefonowire,taviig

^\ or l \ 0,4 1
,, /l ?l r !ql'
\-o.or l
E\pFs scb of rbetunowi4 oumbea,in sbndad
* /-ql-r!ql'
* n6.oor7
x ro- 52.i/.firs x ro-
$. n6t 16r Lo- s4.i/o.oooc,B
x ro-
x ,o '
ss. {,6.,10064
Lo1orithn
tis
Evdu& .&h or df followins8xprc*ions,sivins

wry usetul sim rh.y co,ryd.d nur,i,ri.dr,, ud

9!11 s!!1
ptubren, rcsp(nyely. Tris savcd nuch rime and
q,r21 dddsbhddjhbmultiplyddividc'
0'010rr5
Thc /o3cdtn rla ,Mrer ro r givs r,tr n defined
a $. pow. b whichrhe,6a 'nu* be nn,l in
oj{o061

*pE$jng sch dsryen in do&rd rom:

All]'ist[rwcs.d,'dlcgan,aJ,|n4i{
bsan&,t b bo:c \o.Ir\e ksatithn.Ia nbtb.r ta
rda r0 h abbnvbrcd $ la3r0or,3. The J,sdrr,

n$lia'.ftElogti|hhot'easi'fuemnbe^abav

c'dl'clhedrt$][olqdol$efoxowin!,
giviig erb us*ds h sh&rd aom:

71.0 2x tor): 72.0.5 x 109:

r t'18

(b) Ns
"rt =
2.s]5
i.ex

Nd. $d to3D4= lqb9.45 = 0.975,fr.m rhc

simel,s'o175= 0 6??(ton'hclqa,rr,

(o NN 0 . 0 4 7=3a ? 3 x r 0 r
:10?x l0 ]
= t(]rd!x tor (fi.om
$e
ldibqarithu
,\
tobh)

.,rdiard, puJpo$seh.n rar' t0 r,sdrrrx m

ewlayed.'t. dntiL4atuhnot nnvb* b bn:e1a
sincerar0a.ru = 0.67e(ft.n L\er,sdrti ; abbsiared d a"tir,sm (or,,rils).
tabk)
Nd. fti wemr ,tu n4diw ra,a of r0.

Atrd 4.619= 2+ 0.679= -r.321

In nrding t\t Lsatuhn o! ! rtntu* .Jj'ai: greatel
rra,l0dle$ $ft l.$o6 lnb n in s,d,rd
/o, (or J.iari6. idra,i,,), 'nd is, a I \ to..

welid drevalueor rqd{ iiom rhe/dsarirrn

ch,mei$rc o@ Ma"se MtL. onct@tnu&{.$n*ewt}'e an .sanrn

-\?,bl9]- !4,1.'we findlheaiilqe,,0f ln. z@'isc _ llris
Liffihn( Msi$r.
cjHsa,!','A'schdu'l<,'!<10'And'r1.
The ,',1? below is Ery helpful in odddnmdidg dland4iitic s t^e powa of ta. ftis oeudi.h n
hN 6 ntrdt\e tosurhn ot d nDtbt. tu rtv6e xnndks.$e tosaithn afn i!flber.
Fin,1ttt dnitqunhh af att) o! th. htt Nna
10.34300
k) a362 tb) 2.u3 k) r.$7

19,0.000337 20.0000315

=: \ (ti.fr tnranlitoptithrn

22. a93t
= (anlilogLo0.3l3)
! 101
- 6.e7x 10ooom dr 4,,7o34fi,'
30. 1.93?
33. i373 3,r. i 433 rs., z4
= GDtilo3,!0.s31
I r0 r 36.1113 31.3.674 $. 1936
= r 36 -ltuo'h! 3e.43!7 4 0 ,t 6 l 5
anlitdt4ntht tahle)

r$b 6 r indi.ds rheerjJ,cieh!iD\ortd inl,/rs

_ Lo,ie*ithwi.!,et:.t1

ot lrbtrt rn \eadat lnntlipbhe ot d^i1i4. rne

tubt srvrD-{ tne bNdtnhrntheor! x. denred

nli:llitli.afi1,!\

rhar is. lhen !e rrtredr /,s,.itu oJcrdrr, *e

i 7r3

Norerhd,{ = o,?t1,sl0,733= 5 47, fion rhe

Tnis/,,&/a bk 6 ho\ & dd ralerra

+ losL+5o:ro3ro(2
log,or: \ 50)
: Ii\r.iis. (,{ --
Findrhelos&rbnofercrror$. rolo\ins
F'.\t 70 Dirision
uk thqdithm b tnd thenLuealeth dke
: L,, ,"1
Todt n. *h.n !. rlke Ire,osan*' ata 4D,i.,4 we
ebnadrtb laBanhtt of $. devr Mbtnmtje

lrjs/d,k cns N hor b vrrod

Lszl ftrexuplelog[90-log[9=

E,-tnpte7/
belo* in odd ror,r? $. purr.n

^* ,*,(**?L)
"

* \0n453/

*e on u!. a &tL o shoMbrow

634^10r=614
 _ / 27.5r0.sl3 \

= o.43e+ r?14) (t333+2.16n

Aicmdiv.ln w cd usca ratre * shosDb.tow:

Altfladvcly, ve cd uc, rabla asshowDb.to*:

I r4r9
0513 I 1.714 G) Now ro8DG.4rI=

=
Dnomjrds l

Ddoninfln 0.050

Root

rh6 r4,,{ = r€jiri - */4 d - 1stu!!

Tnzt k. vn a\9e tzk t\t tosa,ilhn ofd bot, w
muhaq $r ksa.ithn of irs baseby 6e E.atuet
atthe d.ot 1. djride$. t srthh al i6 b6.by
PrypE72
we sho'nd'i$ b. ableb s'e rhd:

n$ ,s!,, -,,3LorF = ?,o! d

This al, acdrly c,',i'a in zrar for rb. tas!,
*tun oidpovs nduE Lsanthn ala nd.

^*^^**".
r''.rt,73 rg.9i{0a75- Vr7'r
u, t"s,],.,. 1,,t,1"*t", l/E :L rt6Lros.17 nGi
"f r. Vrr \75rg

s'-m r44x (34.7).

NN ro3,,,vr5.?=ff =-=0rcs
so Vrt?-srilogoo.399=:j
Artmdivery, we on us a ra,e asshowibeto{. olar t4uatiou
6olutio*
l\ 1,1tia4
Lo4a*ithut
n'7 j -=_r In .4@'?25 ]eG the !,r7,'n 4,,'li' n in $e
indexd,tt\e b64 ,Mat Eaniu bt.ehtn.d,then
*e vtu. tu cq{dian tn tqan'hni.Ianr &l etye

: E\ercise6x :
u$ rosarlhmsb find d,e vrrueor a.h of &e fol
E\rnPtc74
sot,e a.h attu hna\re quro6:

. !!!: . ",
-. an'G;E?
- llt;-;n (b) civeDftar
Evr]lde e{h of rhefouowinsspm$ios sms
45t3Lr=t821
so rr5+(2i+rr33=k37
+ (2. + l) x 0.!.47
i.e.0.699

... (2|+ 1)x0.477= 1.563-0.699

= 0,369
zs.t6:tN N.,,6.sat
z(+l=-=r32
zz.l5i za.iio.oor3s
 so^. etuhafiheJo aeis equain::

!) cn€nlh4 rr16.2+j :1s64.3

r =,364.3 ls 16.2

_. f)lf pa;;p,rpa,
.\-
{re;iicru

b)ci\eih]/3r]-/s]U=

1, rvo bucrohlrrc boughrd a pric of: doltc

eeb, andr rhirdbu.ketror3 dolbs k$ rh!i

(a) wrn. dosmi exptsion ror rhetoht con

I
'= (b) r merolir cos of rhebu.(eh ws ie$ rhan
r34 wnr n inequ.lityjn r hd soh€i.
(c) rr n a whorcnuub?( nft de mimum

QuArions. cxc (Basic).ftne

1979,

sohe€3!hofdr ro oqrngrqrro6:
(e) wrib rheiiequriri* vhich detue dre

(b) sk [h, dixgiln andshadedrercior ror QuBrion 2, cxc @,sir). Jmr 1990,

$ ror a nckeri. 'dvrnc tr by prymg$ t0 r

gs!, lhih tie 'n ihB le8ior.
Quarron6.cxc (B$ic),Jnm re7e. ro s90?2,Thisconsisrdof crshrsn r24 rick-
eb pdd roril xdvance
aswell as.sh coll<rd
4(d+2)>?5-r(n+t) arr\e dooi ErFm* lor rheshN robljtd
s3350.4sov.nndrhiof t2%hpay$teoi
Qu6tioD7(i). cxc (Basjc).June1e32, rhesms plon6 obuined.

md 2 buis for t2.99.on Tu{day heboughr4 (a) de iumbd oi pem6 whopdd dt.hedoor
i.e .ftm con$ dd r btri tu t2.72 ltre prie
us dE sme for erh ibn onbolhdrys. o) 'nemou pdd.orsoElm$t d
unig . .6r ro(pHenr rhepria of rn ice. G) 'hen.r pmfi' rfrer rherd Nx! paid.
Qu6rion 4, cxc (Bsicl. JDe r9m,
9. m. cd{ of a hblemd tor.h s is$292.
'lnc .o{
(a) {rne dom s. equa'iois
ii, lnd o of rdo hbhs .nd fivech,rr n s432.

(b) u$ d'$e equnios 'o car.ftb !\e cos or (i) wile !w alcebmicequdioisroepEsent
nne {eamconedd rrrc.o$ol. bun.
Qnsdon z cxc (laic), JDc 1e33. (i) soiE rhee$ario6 ad hci.q dcmiic

auGIioDaG). cxc (Rasicl.Jue 1ee2.

dngsore.He spedr$12rcs d ihe boobrorc !k: x 3r.

ib.n arrbedossoE Ii. 'r'.n hd 937r.r'. (bl ff, +, = a -:r,,ev,ruaic5+ z.
(r) usig rr rorpfuor rhemounr hesp.ir (c) Frbd4 compkrelr6: + 9l:.
&dcfucsbn.del6smalgefujcbrns
(i) 'ne moun' hc sp.it !' rhcicabhop
(it rheamountbespend rhcbsklroE
ir) obraii d .qudi.n for rheroi,r mounr

mounr h. sp.d !i se ddgrbE Quaron 2. cxc (Bsic). June1993.

Qu.ston 4, cxc (Bsr.). Jutu r$5.
of rwoi,.!ds andrheebab is $619.
usiic : rortpt*d thecos. in donds,of a

(,) u e m 4ebni. erpo.ion for rhecon

audron 1, cxc (naicl. June1e36.
( a )c N m r b i h = 3 m d u = 2 , (ii) Bc an irgeb$i. rqudoi rdEprcsenr
se robt co$ of rbetuo r&r.$ anddne

(in) sohc 'hc quarion andhenc. deremii.

2(r+3))+]J-(r+5)
ausdoD e(s).cxc (Bsic). Juc 1ee3.
G) hprs rs x siEPrerianor
 (b)(l s65335
(,t srus^
3q (i) $3r, (b) i =sr1i4

1z G) (j) S21m (ii) $r10

(iD (r) sD50d (b) $|]j.00 'i-

3. (t 11256 q G+ ] ) r r 0 .G + r t
.D
 : t:!:

1r
:6.
 d,7or - D o.9or- r)
131,129+3&r&'}-]5' 70.!ol|- D 7r -5($+r)
7' -7Or+ D a -8Gr+ D

76.-212'+ t' n. -313,+ 1)

a, 56P+D D. -6(6.+D

4 . G ) { t n c D 1 5( b ) r - r 0 0

14,G) | O) ra E,75

r,6G+r) 2.e'+t
3,n('+/) 1,/l+y)
5 .( : + ) ) 6.5G-r)
7. 1t/ - t) & 3(r r)
*+? c,1I-y) r0. {i })
!, 3(r-)) '. -?(, ,)
B, -3(. ]) 14,-r(r-))
15 -ac r) 16,-5c+])
la -6C + r) 1& 7(r+))
rr. -PG +y) t0. -d. + t
a 2r, &64+ l) 2r. 5!(6!+ r)
? 3,7,(r.+ r) z,3n&+ D r01.9G 3t) r@, 5(, + r)
13,rbotu+ rt tn 3pt3P-r) n3.6(&-r) 10.rqt e)
n.44q \ a. e49'- rt
2q rn2, r) 30.13{r} 1) 1M.4.{r 2r' r07,4ro,- r,
I ,+] 31,-5'{t+ r) r. -?}(?r+ D
3, &(3i+ D a. -9!9:+ r)
rq 5!$4+ 19 !0.66 rf)
36 -2I1,I 1) 37. 3^3y-D
3& -4dar D 39. sp(5,- D
.0 -&(3s r) 41.5(r + 2)
42,r2t3r+ r) 13.7Q.+4
44, 16{4:+ D {s. \er + z)
e 212, t 47.3(1x- t)
4 3{2: r) 4c.5(5r 2)
s[ s(rP- r) s1.-?o' + 3)

st -12(11+r) 56 -5(5 2)
51 [@- D 5& -7(7, '
5e. 3(3/- r) 60, e(sy- 4)
6r. 414i+ D 6t, 5(5)+ D $. "-2=!4!
d (6, + r) 61, 3(3c+ 1)
61 101r0r+ r) 6 5(r 1) ,''-'=
 q ilri

27.12!:!! !:a
5at

!+y

n
r1
l:I:l?
,l:]!

,, I4r*l 4l
!:l

*tll-t-,rl
_ii
!!a)t!

L
j&
1 'Ja
!
li l)
,.al! l! ll) "L {
*,+,01
f+
:II 2!
qll !i rE

1' ,}
"+
I
z*
2b'
4

r,= I ,=nl

,,, t._,

f'"'rt

f'",31

*-*.^"-""*"
a\
111

1,'
 sr,l29+3.132'2tsJ

-"- a
l
1
!
I

*"*,^*ur*,
 ! ilr!

-fJ :5ll

311:
!f:?

l!:ll
,li]!

,. !! l. l
" \,)
!:l
!!rlt

.- tu'lm tn : I ,r
t!1t
"L
6j?

&si !9t
q:!!

11

!!
,n q:fj{
2.:qa+I ,, ?!l !tt:
 '4
-1
.,4

,=.

,z

1.,,r1
 i. l,=r Pd.dd=ni.h

1 3 ,r n + : ^ = r l N u m h=' r 0
ls. c) tuc of ! hd doc= 5..r5 o.t* L
-:

!r. (a)?,+tu=11.50 --]o ;;v l

B,+ 6y =r9'?5 o o. :! a. 9l:
(b) (i) con d i P*r ornilk -!-
(iDc*roirbdeorw.r
1
-'d'.

,: I

i
a
! **r
l sx;
-L
1
!

,7
1

a. tj!!

.'='l
7 ,= ! "'='i
1t
;0,,

1
.='1 r. (r)r(4. t (it r<e.25

lr:fl

( i Dr = $ r 5 6 { d )= s r 1

M(?.8)dd^1o,! 1)