Assignment No.

2 (Course STA301)
Spring 2011 (Total Marks 30)
Deadline
Your Assignment must be uploaded/ submitted before or on
9th May, 2011
STUDENTS ARE STRICTLY DIRECTED TO SUBMIT THEIR
ASSIGNMENT BEFORE OR BY DUE DATE. NO ASSIGNMNENT
AFTER DUE DATE WILL BE ACCEPTED VIA E.MAIL).
Rules for Marking
It should be clear that your Assignment will not get any credit
IF:
• The Assignment submitted, via email, after due date.
• The submitted Assignment is not found as MS Word
document file.
• There will be unnecessary, extra or irrelevant material.
• The Statistical notations/symbols are not well-written i.e.,
without using MathType software.
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from any other student’s file. Copied material (from
handouts, any book or by any website) will be awarded
ZERO MARKS. It is PLAGIARISM and an Academic Crime.
• The medium of the course is English. Assignment in Urdu
or Roman languages will not be accepted.
• Assignment means Comprehensive yet precise accurate
details about the given topic quoting different sources
(books/articles/websites etc.). Do not rely only on
handouts. You can take data/information from different
authentic sources (like books, magazines, website etc)
BUT express/organize all the collected material in YOUR
OWN WORDS. Only then you will get good marks.

Objective(s) of this Assignment:

• The assignment is being uploaded to strengthen the

students’ BASIC concepts regarding Dispersion,
Regression and basic Probability.
• How to recognize and differentiate between Moments and
Moment ratios.
• By using regression line, find out Standard error of
estimate.
• Use of permutation.
 Assignment 2 (Lessons 12-18)

Question 1: Marks: 2+2+4+2=10

a) By using five number summary, suggest the skewness of the data from
the following information:
X m = 55, X 0 = 25, Q2 = 39
Sol:

Q2 − X 0 = 39 − 25 = 14
X m − Q2 = 55 − 39 = 16

Distance between Q2 − X 0 is less than X m − Q2 , so it is positively skewed.

b) What is the usefulness of Pearson’s coefficient of skewness?

Sol:
It is a used to check the skewness of the distribution and it also used to
compare the skewness of two distributions.

c) For a certain data,

m1 = 0, m2 = 2.64, m3 = 5.6 andm4 = 28.30

Find moment ratio b1 and b2 . Interpret your results also.
?
Sol:

(m )
2 b1 =
( m3 ) 2
( m2 ) 3

b1 = 3 3
( m2 )
( 5.6 )
2

b1 = = 1.7
( 2.64 )
3
 m4 28.30
b2 = = = 4.0604
( m2 ) ( 2.64 )
2 2

Interpretation:

As b1 is used to measure the skewness of the distribution, b1 = 1.70 which

is greater than zero so, it is positively skewed.

AS b2 is used to measure the kurtosis of the distribution, b2 = 4.0604 i.e.

greater than 3 so the distribution is Lepto-kurtic.

d) Explain equally likely events with the help of an example.

Sol:
Two events A and B are said to be equally likely, when one event is as likely
to occur as the other. In other words, each event should occur in equal
number in repeated trials. When a fair coin is tossed, the head is as likely to
appear as the tail, and the proportion of times each side is expected to
appear is 1/2.
Question 2:
Mark: 4+4+2=10
a. For a particular data of 5 pair of values:

∑Y 2
= 26, ∑ Y = 10, ∑ XY = 37

The fitted regression line is:

Y= -1.5 + 0.5 x
Find the standard error of estimate (Sy.x); what does it indicates?

Sol:

2
Sy.x =
∑Y − a ∑Y − b ∑XY
n −2

26 − ( −1.5 ) ( 10 ) − ( 0.5 ) ( 37 )
=
5−2

26 + 15 − 18.5
=
3

22.5
= = 7.5 = 2.74
3

Since the value of Sy.x lies beyond the limit i.e. 0< Sy.x< Sy
So, it indicates that data is not reliable.

2
∑Y 2  ∑Y 
Sy = − 
n  n 
2
26  10 
Sy = − 
5  5
S y = 1.095 b. Five yellow balls and four green balls, which are
indistinguishable apart from color, are placed in a
bag if six balls are taken from the bag; Find the
probability of being three yellow and three green.

Sol:

Yellow balls Green balls Total balls Drawn balls

5 4 9 6

n(S)= C6 = 84
n( S )= 9
6 C =84

Let A’ be the event that three yellow and three green balls are taken

n( A) = C35C34 = 40
n( A) 40
P ( A) = = = 0.4761
n( S ) 84

c. If the equations of the least square regression lines are:

Y= -1 + 0.5 x and X= -1.1 + 0.2 y
Find correlation coefficient ‘r’.
Ans:
r = byx × bxy
r = 0.5 × 0.2
r = 0.316

Question 3:
Marks: 5+5 =10
a)
i. How many different words (even meaningless) can be formed from the
word “Component”?
Sol:
n = 9 (because the total number of letters in this word is 9)
n1 = 1 (because there is one c)
n2 = 2 (because there are two o’s)
n3 = 1 (because there is one m)

n4 = 1 (because there is one p)

n5 = 2 (because there are two n’s)
and
n6 = 1 (because there is one e)
n7 = 1 (because there is one t)

Hence, the total number of (meaningless) words

(permutations) is:

n!
P= .
n1 ! n2 ! ..... nk !
ii. How many distinct four-
9! digit numbers can be
=
1! 2! 1! 1! 2! 1!1! performed from the
following integers 2,
9 × 8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 362880 3,4,5,6 where each
= = = 90720
1× 2 × 1× 1× 2 × 1× 1 4 integer is used only once?
Sol:
Here,
n= 5 and r = 4

n!
n
Pr =
(n − r )!
5! 5!
5
P4 = = = 120
(5 − 4)! 1!

b)
When a pair of dice is rolled, make the sample space and find the probability
i) a total of 5
ii) a total of 7
Sol:

When a pair of dice is rolled, the sample space would be like that

1 2 3 4 5
6
 1 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5
1,6
2
2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5
3 2,6

4 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5

3,6
5
4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 4,5
6 4,6

5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5

5,6

6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 6,5

6,6

Let A be the event that total of 5 appears when a pair of dice is rolled, then
A= {(1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 1)}
P (A) = 4/36 = 1/9 =0.1111
ii)
Let B be the event that total of 7 appears when a pair of dice is rolled, then
B = { (1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2),( 6,1) }
P (B) = 6/36 = 1/6 = 0.167